More than half of the causative factors of diabetes are related to diet, which shows how closely related diet and diabetes are! If you can develop good eating habits and pay attention to food intake, you can effectively prevent diabetes. , if unfortunately you suffer from diabetes, reasonable diet control is still the most fundamental way to treat it. 1. The principles of dietary therapy for diabetes are roughly as follows: 1. Limit high-sugar and high-fat foods and reduce salt intake. 2. Choose high-quality protein foods, preferably soy products for plant-based foods, and fish candy and lean meat for animal-based foods. 3. Eat more high-fiber foods, including cereals such as brown rice and oats, vegetables such as cauliflower, lettuce, and peas, and fruits such as apples, pears, and citrus. In addition to supplementing a large amount of vitamins, they can also lower blood lipids and delay glucose absorption. Helps stabilize blood sugar. 4. Eat more magnesium-containing foods, such as seaweed, sesame seeds, mushrooms, mushrooms, dried shrimps, various beans and soy products, etc. 5. Eat more foods with hypoglycemic effects, such as bitter melon, celery, water spinach, carrots, green pumpkin, grapefruit, garlic, guava, etc. In addition, eating regularly, quitting smoking and drinking, and exercising moderately can control diabetes to the level of a healthy person. 2. Key points of family nutrition control for diabetes Diabetes is a disease of glucose metabolism disorder, which is closely related to diet. It is very important to control diet patiently and carefully. 1. Learn to measure urine sugar and blood sugar. When measuring urine sugar, you can immerse the urine sugar test paper in the urine, take it out after soaking for about 1 second, observe the color of the test paper within 1 minute, and compare it with the standard color plate to confirm. Generally, the color of urine sugar is required to be between blue and green. Urine glucose test strips are easy to use at home, but you need to pay attention to the expiration date. When buying a blood glucose meter, the Roche brand is preferred. 2. It is important to supply calories reasonably to treat diabetes and control appropriate obesity. Let’s take a look at the standard weight: Male height (cm)-100 = standard weight (kg) Female height (cm)-105 = standard weight (kg) The difference between the standard weight and the standard weight is ±10, which is the ideal weight range. If the actual weight is 20% greater than the standard weight, you are obese and you need to eat less calories to gradually lose weight. People who are close to or reaching the standard weight can provide calories according to the following requirements: Rest: 104.67-125.60 kilojoules/kg (weight)/day; those with light physical strength: 125.60-146.54 kilojoules/kg (weight)/day; those with moderate physical strength: 146.54- 167.26 kilojoules/kg (body weight)/day People with heavy physical strength: 167.26 kilojoules/kg (body weight)/day 3. Supply protein, fat, and carbohydrates in appropriate amounts (1) Protein. 0.8-1.2 g/kg (body weight)/day, and 1.5-2 g/kg (body weight)/day for lean people. 1 gram of protein can provide 16.75 kilojoules of energy. (2) Fat. 0.6-1g/kg (body weight)/day, obese people can lose fat. 1 gram of fat can provide 37.68 kilojoules of energy. In addition to the fat contained in the food itself, the deficiency can be supplemented by the fat in vegetable oil or hard fruits. Animals or offal containing high cholesterol should be used sparingly. Eggs are limited to 2 per day. (3) Carbohydrates. Sucrose and sweets are prohibited. If you want to eat sweets, use xylitol, saccharin, sorbitol, stevia, etc. It is recommended to use some whole grains as staple food. It is best to always choose oatmeal noodles, buckwheat noodles, two-way or three-way noodles with a lower glycemic index. 1 gram of carbohydrate provides 16.73 kilojoules of energy.