1, teachers should understand and respect the development characteristics of children of different ages. Children have different characteristics at different ages, and there are great differences in their hobbies. Teachers should reasonably develop and utilize wastes on the basis of understanding and respecting children's differences, because this can stimulate children's active participation and interest in learning. In order to cultivate children's self-care ability in small classes, teachers should prepare clothes, gloves, buttons and shoelaces for children. Children's hand-eye coordination can be exercised through these small movements. In the middle class, clay figurines can be pinched with mud, and teachers can draw some stick figures to make puzzles or play games such as beading with some useless beads, so as to develop children's intelligence through the reuse of these wastes. In large classes, we should choose to use some common corn husks, sweet potato leaves and so on for children to make through their own bold imagination, or use some potatoes, radishes and so on to carve out some of their favorite.

2. During the period of making toys, on the one hand, children's cognitive situational activities and simulated operation activities can be carried out, on the other hand, children's language expression ability can be improved and their intelligence can be developed. For example, in the process of teaching children's language, we should follow the intuitive initiative and vivid characteristics of their thinking development, and add some intuitive demonstration contents, such as pictures, during the self-made teaching AIDS. In this way, children can effectively combine intuition and image on the basis of operability, thus cultivating and improving children's language expression ability.

3. In the process of making teaching AIDS from discarded materials, teachers should make teaching AIDS from the demand level of education and teaching activities. On the other hand, according to the characteristics of children at different ages, we should start with improving children's interest. For example, the "multifunctional operation panel" specially made according to children's interests and age characteristics is mainly composed of waste plastic products, cardboard, wrinkled paper, bamboo and other items.