1, how long can uremia last?
(1) What is advanced uremia?
Uremia itself is a late disease, which is a series of symptoms of multiple organ failure when kidney disease develops to the late stage. At this time, the patient's survival time depends on the development of the disease.
(2) Symptoms of uremia in late stage
There will be many accompanying symptoms in the late stage of uremia, mainly as follows:
1, general symptoms: pale and gloomy face, fatigue and emaciation.
2. Gastrointestinal manifestations: the earliest and most prominent manifestation of this disease. Anorexia, abdominal discomfort, followed by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, oral ulcers, and urine odor when exhaling can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding, and later melena and hematemesis.
3. Mental and neurological manifestations: headache, dizziness, delirium, apathy, lethargy, lethargy and even coma. Restlessness, muscle tremor, convulsions, convulsions, etc. are also common in the later stage.
4. Cardiovascular manifestations: elevated blood pressure and arrhythmia are common; Cellulosic pericarditis and heart failure will still occur in the late stage.
5, hematopoietic performance: severe anemia, bleeding symptoms in the late stage.
6, respiratory performance: deep and long breathing during acidosis. Late stage can cause uremic bronchitis, pneumonia and pleurisy.
7, skin performance: dull skin, dry, dandruff. After urea is excreted from sweat glands, it can condense into white urea cream, which irritates the skin and causes strange itching.
8. Symptoms caused by metabolic acidosis and acid-base imbalance:
① dehydration or edema; ② Metabolic acidosis; ③ Hyponatremia and sodium retention; ④ Hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia: Hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia can stimulate parathyroid gland, cause secondary hyperparathyroidism, lead to bone decalcification, and cause renal rickets in young patients and uremic osteopathy in adult patients; ⑤ Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia; Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia are common causes of arrhythmia and sudden death in uremia. ⑥ Hypermagnesemia.
(3) How to live for a long time in the late stage of uremia?
How long uremia can survive in the late stage mainly depends on the severity of the disease, such as whether there is urine, the severity of complications, and whether the kidney is completely fibrotic. So there is no specific statistical data at present, and its survival time ranges from 1 year to 10 year, and some even live for about 30 years.
(4) What should I pay attention to in the late stage of uremia?
Patients with advanced uremia should pay attention to the following points if they want to ensure their survival time:
1, be careful not to catch a cold, because uremia is weak, and catching a cold will cause a rapid increase in creatinine and aggravate the condition.
2, can not participate in physical nagging, uremia patients should pay attention to rest, maintain a good attitude, bad mood and getting angry will aggravate the condition.
3, be careful not to scratch, if it is easy to scratch, it will cause skin ulcers, always wipe with warm water.
4, pay attention to electrolyte disorder, uremia patients are prone to vomiting, diarrhea, this time should pay attention to hydration, do not appear electrolyte disorder.
2. How to prevent uremia
(1) Prevention of uremia
Active treatment
Because uremia is mainly caused by late renal failure, effective prevention and treatment of renal diseases in advance is an important condition for effective prevention of uremia.
pay attention to the diet
When renal function is found to be impaired, we must pay attention to the diet with low protein, low phosphorus and high calorie, supplement calcium, amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and other substances in time, and appropriately supplement vitamin B and trace elements such as E, zinc and iron.
Stick to exercise
Adhering to correct physical exercise can not only prevent the formation of uremia, but also prevent the formation of uremia induced by other types of diseases. Healthy people don't have too many restrictions on the amount and content of exercise, but for people with kidney disease or other chronic diseases, the intensity and content of exercise vary from person to person.
physical examination
Most kidney diseases can be reflected by routine urine examination, and regular urine examination and other physical examinations can effectively know the emergence of kidney diseases at an early stage. Secondly, some subtle manifestations in life also need to be alert to the possibility of uremia, such as eyelid edema, backache, redness or foam in urine, erythema on local skin, and soreness in limbs and joints.
(2) How to treat uremia?
haemodialysis
Simply put, hemodialysis is a treatment method that replaces renal function with machines and helps human blood evolve. Although this treatment is one of the main measures for uremia patients at present, its treatment cost is expensive. Although hemodialysis is a temporary solution, it can effectively prolong the life of uremia patients, but how many years hemodialysis can live for uremia patients depends on the degree of illness and various objective factors.
renal transplantation
Uremic patients can also undergo surgery and kidney transplantation, transplant healthy and complete kidneys into uremic patients and replace the kidneys that have lost their functions. At present, it is the best way to treat uremia. At present, the survival rate of transplanted kidney has reached an advanced level, and the long-term survival time of kidney transplantation can reach 10-20 years.
(3) What should we pay attention to during the treatment?
1, rest to prevent colds and control infections and primary diseases in time;
2. Do not smoke, drink, tea or coffee;
3. Sexual intercourse is prohibited, and it is still prohibited for half a year to one year after the cure, according to the doctor's advice;
4, prohibit the abuse of any other drugs;
(4) Prompt
Uremia is because renal function is damaged to a certain extent and cannot be completely cured. Generally speaking, how long uremia can live cannot be generalized. It needs to be comprehensively decided according to the objective factors such as the severity of the patient's own disease and the treatment method. It is recommended that all friends have regular physical examinations every year to achieve early detection and early treatment. If kidney transplantation is performed, uremia patients have a higher chance of survival.