Analysis of honeysuckle planting prospects and industry status quo
1. The use of honeysuckle in the pharmaceutical industry
The main use of honeysuckle is as a drug for treating diseases, and it is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. material. In 1984, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine identified it as one of the 35 precious Chinese medicinal materials, and later it was identified as a variety for both medicinal and food use. Honeysuckle has a long history of medicinal use. As early as 3,000 years ago, our ancestors began to use it to prevent and treat diseases, and it was listed as top grade in the "Famous Doctors". Its main function is to clear away heat and detoxify, and is mainly used to treat febrile diseases, fever, dysentery due to heat poison, carbuncle and furuncle, etc. Modern research has proven that honeysuckle contains pharmacologically active ingredients such as chlorogenic acid and luteolin glycosides, which have strong inhibitory effects on various pathogenic bacteria such as hemolytic Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as upper respiratory tract infection-causing viruses. In addition, It can also enhance immunity, resist early pregnancy, protect liver, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, stop bleeding (coagulation), inhibit intestinal absorption of cholesterol, etc. Its clinical uses are very wide, and can be used in combination with other drugs to treat respiratory tract infections, bacteria, etc. More than 40 diseases including dysentery, acute urinary tract infection, and hypertension.
There are three main ways of medicinal use of honeysuckle: First, it is used as decoction pieces in clinical formulas of traditional Chinese medicine. According to statistics, more than 1/3 of the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions in the country use honeysuckle. In 2003, it was recommended by most experts to prevent SARS. "The preferred traditional Chinese medicine; secondly, it is used as a raw material for the production of honeysuckle extract. There are currently many honeysuckle extraction manufacturers across the country. Shandong Sanjing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. alone produces more than 300 tons of honeysuckle extract annually; thirdly, it is used as a raw material for the production of honeysuckle extract in China. In the production of patent medicines, according to statistics, there are more than 200 kinds of Chinese patent medicines containing honeysuckle, such as Yinqiao Jiedu Pills, Yinhuang Oral Liquid, Shuanghuanglian Injection, Mailuoning, Qingkailing, etc. The actual annual medicinal demand for honeysuckle nationwide is about 10 million kilograms. In addition, the stems, leaves and fruits of honeysuckle plants can also be used medicinally.
2. Analysis of the use of honeysuckle in the traditional Chinese medicine agricultural industry
2.1 Planting industry
The earliest record of honeysuckle cultivation can be found in "Su Shen Neihan Liangfang" of the Song Dynasty, in which It is said: "The root can be moved between the courtyard railings in case of emergencies." Since then, many local county annals have also recorded it. For example, the "Fei County Annals" in the 22nd year of Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty said: "The flower is yellow and white, so it is called honeysuckle. It existed in the past, but it was used as a substitute for tea. In the early Jiaqing period, merchants and travelers sold it to other places. ...It has been planted several times in Shanjiao Shuimei in a few years." From this we can see that honeysuckle has a long history of cultivation. At present, honeysuckle planting areas are mainly concentrated in Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Chongqing, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei and other places. Among them, Shandong has the largest planting area, about 500,000 acres. Because honeysuckle has strong adaptability, strong vitality, simple cultivation methods, high planting efficiency, and is suitable for large-scale promotion, it can play an important role in helping farmers get rid of poverty and become rich, and promote the adjustment of rural industrial structure. Planting bases are being established in many places across the country. Its planting area is expanding year by year, and its output and output value are constantly increasing. For example, Xiushan County, Chongqing City currently has a honeysuckle base of 104,000 acres, covering more than 55,000 farmers. In 2007, the total output of honeysuckle was 4,006 tons, and 1,030 tons of dried flowers were processed, achieving a total income of 42.05 million yuan. In 2008, the total output value of honeysuckle exceeded 100 million yuan for the first time. By the end of the year, the income of flower farmers had reached 92 million yuan.
2.2 Breeding industry
The young branches and leaves of honeysuckle plants are rich in nutrients. Compared with green corn stems, their crude protein is 23% higher, crude fat is 47% higher, and crude ash content is higher. It is 21% higher, 50.8% lower in crude fiber, and has good palatability. Cattle, sheep and other livestock like to eat it. In addition to nutrients, its branches and leaves also contain antibacterial and anti-inflammatory active ingredients such as chlorogenic acid, which can prevent and treat livestock diseases such as cattle, sheep, and rabbits. Therefore, producing honeysuckle as green fodder for the development of breeding industry can not only promote the growth and development of livestock and obtain higher yields, but also ensure the quality of meat. In addition, during the flowering period of the honeysuckle plant, there are many flowers, a long flowering period, and a fragrant smell. It is one of the plants that bees like to feed on. It can be used as a nectar source plant for bee breeding, and the honey produced has high nutritional and health value.
2.3 Honeysuckle can be used in the beverage and food industry
In addition to medicinal ingredients, honeysuckle is also rich in nutrients.
Its amino acid content is about 8%, and the variety is complete. The water-soluble sugar content is more than 18%. It also contains essential elements for the human body such as manganese, chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, silicon, iron, etc., and has important nutritional and health value. It can be used to produce health food, health drinks, etc.
2.3.1 Honeysuckle tea
The original flowers of honeysuckle can be brewed instead of tea. The tea is emerald green and translucent, and smells fragrant. Taking it in summer and autumn can prevent heatstroke, lower body temperature, reduce fat and lose weight, and beautify the skin. It can also clear away heat and detoxify, preventing all kinds of diseases. "Drink honeysuckle, you will be twenty this year and eighteen next year" is a beautiful praise for honeysuckle tea. At present, there are not only honeysuckle tea with single flavor honeysuckle as raw material in various packaging forms, but also compound health tea that is compatible with other traditional Chinese medicine formulas, such as green plum health tea made by combining honeysuckle with wild chrysanthemum and Ophiopogon japonicus, which can clear away heat, detoxify, and It relieves heat and promotes fluid production. Patients with acute and chronic pharyngitis and tonsillitis can relieve throat pain after drinking it.
2.3.2 Honeysuckle beverage
Extract honeysuckle, add appropriate sweeteners, flavoring agents and quality improvers, and make it through ultrafiltration, sterilization, canning and other processes. It is a health drink with clear and bright color, cool and refreshing, sweet aroma, and is a product with a large sales volume in the market. Such as honeysuckle-green tea compound beverage, honeysuckle-chrysanthemum-bitter melon health drink, bitter melon-honeysuckle-light bamboo leaf health drink, aloe vera-honeysuckle compound drink, ginkgo leaf-honeysuckle health drink, etc. Silver Flower Crystal is a solid drink made from honeysuckle as the main raw material, and has been sold abroad.
2.3.3 Honeysuckle compound yogurt
Honeysuckle functional yogurt combines the health-care functions of honeysuckle and yogurt, with moderate sweetness and sourness, and a delicate, smooth and soft taste. The compound health yogurt made from shiitake mushrooms, white fungus, and honeysuckle has the unique fermented aroma of yogurt and a light shiitake mushroom flavor.
2.3.4 Honeysuckle health wine
The honeysuckle wine developed using the traditional technology of Lanling wine has a color like amber, is clear and transparent, and has the unique compound aroma of Lanling wine and honeysuckle; Based on the traditional rice wine processing technology, honeysuckle concentrate is added, and the honeysuckle rice wine is scientifically prepared. The color is light brown, the taste is mellow, and the sweet and sour taste is suitable. The honeysuckle beer is made by using honeysuckle instead of part of the granular hops. It is clear and transparent and has a pure taste. , has an elegant and natural honeysuckle aroma, and has the effects of clearing heat, detoxifying, reducing inflammation and quenching thirst. In addition, there are also honeysuckle sparkling wine and so on.
2.3.5 Honeysuckle health food
Honeysuckle health candy has the functions of anti-inflammatory, pain relieving, throat moisturizing and throat protection. It has given new vitality to traditional candy and is very popular among consumers; Add honeysuckle and reed root boiled juice to ice cream ingredients to make ice cream that can clear away heat, detoxify, promote body fluids and quench thirst. Honeysuckle has strong detoxification function and can relieve the poisoning of the human body by inorganic or organic poisons, such as organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, fungus poisoning, etc., so it has broad market prospects in the development of health food. The stems and leaves of honeysuckle have high crude protein, crude fiber and crude ash, and a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. They are suitable for use as an edible fungus culture medium. The oyster mushrooms and shiitake mushrooms cultivated with this method can not only grow and reproduce vigorously, but also contain chlorogenic acid. , luteolin and other active ingredients, thus endowed with obvious health care functions, the market development potential is huge.
2.4 Daily Chemical Industry
Honeysuckle is also widely used in the field of daily chemicals. Honeysuckle toothpaste, honeysuckle toothpaste, etc., made with honeysuckle as the main raw material, have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and can be used to prevent and treat oral diseases; honeysuckle prickly heat water can clear away heat and detoxify, and has a good refreshing effect in treating prickly heat in children. Various cosmetics containing honeysuckle ingredients have also been launched, such as honeysuckle perfume, honeysuckle shower gel, etc. Honeysuckle volatile oil and extract can also improve and modify the aroma of cigarettes, have the effect of increasing the fragrance and reducing irritation, and can be used as cigarette additives. The essential oil extracted from the dried buds and flowers of honeysuckle can be used as a high-grade fragrance. Chlorogenic acid is an important biochemical reagent, widely used in the fields of physiology, medicinal chemistry, medicine, etc. The content of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle plants is as high as 5 to 10%. Honeysuckle can be used as raw material for industrial extraction and purification of chlorogenic acid. .
2.5 Horticulture Industry
Honeysuckle is a perennial vine with single opposite leaves, broadly lanceolate to oval-elliptical in shape, and has strong cold resistance. Tune". In early spring, new leaves grow in the leaf axils, as green as before, green and lovely. During the flowering season in spring and summer, two small white flowers with parallel stems appear between the green leaf axils. After opening, one large and one small, graceful in shape, like a winged bird, and fragrant and rich in fragrance. One or two days after the flowers bloom, the color changes from white to golden yellow. The yellow-white flowers are embedded in the green and numerous leaves. They are very beautiful and have important ornamental value. Honeysuckle has relatively thick stems and unusual growth. It can be used to make various bonsais. Its taste is quaint and graceful, and it is a good choice for indoor greening and decoration. Honeysuckle is also a good material for garden landscaping. It can be planted on piers beside rockeries, in front of windows, at doorways, etc. for flower viewing. It can also be planted next to climbing objects to cling to fences, flower corridors, rocks, etc. for greening. For decoration, you can also use bamboo poles, ropes, etc. to pull it to make column-shaped and spire-shaped greening configurations. According to research, honeysuckle has strong resistance to toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide. Therefore, honeysuckle as a horticultural plant also has a large market space.
2.6 Tourism Industry
Honeysuckle plants have luxuriant branches and leaves, grow rapidly, close quickly, have the ability to twine and take root on the ground, and have four levels of roots: main, lateral, whisker and hairy roots. , not only the main roots are developed, but also the lateral roots and fibrous roots are densely crisscrossed, forming a dense root network, and the slope protection effect is very obvious. Planting in barren hills and ridges can effectively delay the time of rainwater confluence, consolidate topsoil, and prevent ground erosion and freeze-thaw erosion. Honeysuckle plants have strong adaptability. They are not only cold-resistant, but also resistant to drought, salt-alkali, and thin ridges. They can be planted in drought, saline-alkali, and beach areas. They have the functions of increasing soil organic matter content, storing water and moisture, and maturing the soil. It is of great significance for improving the ecological environment. Giving full play to the ecological benefits of honeysuckle will help manage small watersheds and beautify the environment, green mountains and rivers, promote the construction of tourist attractions, and promote the development of the tourism industry.
2.7 Others
The honeysuckle plant canes are long and soft, and some annual branches can be more than 3 meters long. They have strong toughness, so they can be used to weave various containers and handicrafts. Handicrafts, such as a wide variety of flower baskets, thread reels, edible plates, bird cages, fish baskets, etc. Such products have been exported abroad and have certain market potential.