(1) Supplement an appropriate amount of iodine and avoid using goiterogenic substances. 1) Supplementary iodized salt: In China, a concentration of 1 gram of potassium iodide is generally used for every 2 to 10 kilograms of salt to prevent and treat goiter, which significantly reduces the incidence rate and is suitable for endemic goiter endemic areas. In addition, pregnant women should pay more attention to the supplement of iodized salt to prevent their offspring from developing cretinism due to maternal iodine deficiency. 2) Avoid eating goiterogenic substances: Avoid eating cabbage, cabbage, rape, cassava, walnuts, etc. to avoid goiter. (2) Supply sufficient protein: The amount of protein per person per day must exceed at least 20G to maintain the body's protein balance. Amino acids are the basic components of protein. About 3% of protein is constantly renewed every day. The renewal rate of the small intestinal mucosa slows down in hypothyroidism. Slowly, the digestive juice secretion glands are affected, enzyme activity decreases, and albumin generally decreases. Therefore, essential amino acids should be supplemented to supply sufficient protein to improve the condition.

(3) Limit fat and cholesterol-rich diets: Patients with hypothyroidism often have hyperlipidemia, which is more obvious in primary hypothyroidism, so fat diets should be restricted. Daily fat supply accounts for about 20% of total calories, and limit cholesterol-rich diet.

(4) Correct anemia and supply rich vitamins: People with anemia should supplement their diet with iron-rich foods, vitamin B12, such as animal liver, and folic acid, liver preparations, etc. when necessary.

(5) Diet preparation: 1) Food should be selected: For hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency, appropriate amounts of kelp and seaweed should be selected. Iodized salt, iodine soy sauce, iodine eggs and bread can be added with iodine. When cooking, be aware that iodized salt should not be put into boiling oil to prevent iodine from volatilizing and reducing the iodine concentration. Eggs, dairy, various meats, and fish can be used as protein supplements; plant proteins can be complementary, such as various soy products, soybeans, etc. Supplying animal liver can correct anemia, and also ensure the supply of various vegetables and fresh fruits. 2) Avoid foods: Avoid various goiter-producing substances, such as cabbage, cabbage, rape, cassava, walnuts, etc.; avoid foods rich in cholesterol, such as butter, animal brains, and offal. Limit the use of high-fat foods, such as cooking oil, peanuts, walnuts, almonds, sesame paste, ham, pork belly, sweet cheese, etc.