Pumpkin planting method
Selection of stubble land
Top slurry ridge, timely compression to preserve moisture. The transplantation ridge is a long mouth ridge. The width of the ridge is 9 to 13 centimeters, and the middle 7 to 8 empty ridges should also be ridged to facilitate the extermination of grass. Seed dipping, germination
Seed dipping, germination
Variety selection of Japanese green cucurbits, with 40 ℃ warm water to soak the seeds for 12 to 24 hours, fished out of the gauze wrapped and shaken dry, and stoned to open the dipped sweet cucurbit seeds. With a wooden trough or ordinary pot, pad a layer of sterilized sawdust or sand, and then a layer of gauze, the soaked seeds evenly placed on the gauze, covered with a wrung out new towel, covered with a cover curtain, covered with a quilt germination, and dusted with a new brush broom water 2 times a day. Germination temperature is generally 25 to 28 ℃. Requirements every day to pick up the seeds that have sprouted, put in another pot, placed in a cool place indoors, to control the growth of buds.
Seedbed sowing
1, seedbed preparation. The bottom of the seedbed is padded with 8 to 10 centimeters of horse manure or crushed grass, with a layer of soil on top, and treaded flat. At the same time with 70% of the 0.3 ~ 0.6 g / m2 of diclofenac wettable powder disinfection, while buckling the shed. After the seeds are sown, the small shed is buckled again on the seedbed.
2, nutrient soil preparation. Select the soil that has not used herbicides such as Pulsatilla and Soysulfuron, and sieve it well, and sieve well rotted farmyard fertilizer mixed at a ratio of 7:2.
3, bag seeding. Nutrient soil into 10 cm?15 cm plastic bag, and in the bottom 1/3 of the plastic bag into the 20 ~ 30 grains of diammonium as a base fertilizer, full of pier solid, and the bottom corner of the nutrient bag cut or at the bottom of the aperture of 8 ~ 10 mm eye 2 ~ 4 in order to penetrate water. Sowing time according to the local season shall prevail. With a wooden stick in the middle of the nutrient bag tie 3 ~ 4 cm deep eye, will be well catalyzed seeds, bud eyes facing down put good, after the soil for a watering.
Seedbed management
Proper watering, can not be too flooded; prevention and control of rodents, pests, available phoxim, trichlorfon mixed with wheat bran (bait) can be; hoeing in a timely manner, spray foliar fertilizers; in the true leaves to grow to 3 ~ 4 began to set the center to prevent futility; seedbed temperature 25 ~ 28 ℃, the night is not less than 15 ℃. General seedling age 35 ~ 40 days, 5 ~ 7 days before planting seedling refining.
Timely transplanting
1, digging large holes. Before transplanting dig 20 cm?20 cm hole, spacing 1.3 ~ 1.6 m, mu to keep seedlings 80 ~ 100 or so, each hole Shi 5 ~ 7.5 kg of farmyard manure and 100 ~ 250 grams of fertilizer (diammonium, potash, magnesium powder ratio of 3:1:1) to do the bottom fertilizer.
2, artificial transplanting. Before transplanting the nutrient bag watered, the seedling transplantation hole, cover the soil, and watered. At the same time, cover the film, keyhole put seedlings. You can also choose double membrane transplantation, that is, after transplanting plus cover the arch film.
The management of bushy gourd
1, artificial hoeing, timely control of pests and diseases.
2, combined with the importance of fertilizer and lay grass. Use about 1 kilogram of straw or wheat straw per square meter to prevent grass shortage. In the main vine grows to 50 cm or so, it is best to combine with irrigation, 100 ~ 250 grams of urea per plant, fertilizer is not too close to the main root, to prevent the burning of the root. Do not scatter urea on the leaf surface to prevent leaf burning.
3, down the vine, pinch, pitchfork, artificial pollination. Shun vine, leave two main vines per plant. The two main vines are horizontally placed on the empty ridge, can be cultivated once directed soil. Pinch, a branch, grow to 3 leaves, start to pinch, watch and pinch adjust the second and third level of branches, main vine pinch after August 23rd. Artificial pollination, the general sweet gourd every morning fork, pinch, 16:00 in the afternoon to start pollination, after the summer heat can stop pollination, generally two main vine melon 6 to 8.
Harvesting
Gradual harvesting began in early August, that is, the first crop of melons to grow to 7 to 9 kilograms or so, the principle of the first day of harvesting, the next day, first peeled off the melon, and then peeled the melon strip.
In August to September, basically in September the gourd grows into a nearly white, skin hairs no longer, but still relatively heavy when you can pick, otherwise if the vine withered yellow, the gourd may fall down and smash the bad. After picking down but also air-drying, so that the majority of the harvest fruit is yours.
Points of bushy gourd planting
1, cultivate strong seedlings
Yangtze River Basin using solar greenhouse, greenhouses and other protected cultivation can be sown in late December to early January, with the electric heat hotbed and plastic nutrient bowl seedlings; early spring open field cultivation can be in late February to early March, with the trellis or a small arched shed nursery; extend the autumn cultivation can be sown in August in the first and middle of the month, the use of sunshade netting Shade seedlings. The whole seedling period should be controlled temperature and moisture, to prevent seedling growth, cultivate strong seedlings.
2, land preparation and fertilization
The basic fertilizer requirements of the soil is loose and fertile, rich in humus, water and fertilizer retention, good drainage. The land should be deep turned, combined with the whole building bed, a one-time full base fertilizer. General 667 square meters of rotted pig manure 1500kg, 500kg of human urine, calcium superphosphate 25kg, imported compound fertilizer 100kg.
3, timely planting bushy gourd
Seedlings with 2 to 3 true leaves, can be planted. Early spring temperatures are low, you should grab the cold end of the warm head of the weather in the afternoon on a sunny day planting. The width of the bed is 1.33m, and each bed is planted in 2 rows. Protected cultivation spacing 40x50cm, planting 2500-2700 plants per 667 square meters; open field cultivation spacing 50?60cm, planting 1600-1900 plants per 667 square meters.
4, different cultivation seedling treatment
Early spring protected cultivation can be treated with ethylene glycol to promote the main vine melon. The method is in gourd seedlings 6 leaves 1 heart and 9 leaves 1 heart period, with 160mg/kg ethylene glycol (40% ethylene glycol original liquid lml to water 2.5 ) spray seedlings 1 time, each time with the amount of liquid 40 ~ 50kg. so that the main vine from the 10 ~ 11 section of the beginning of the birth of the female flowers, can achieve the purpose of early fruiting Leave 20% of plants do not spray ethylene glycol, let the nature of the male flowers, for artificial pollination with. Open-air early cultivation and extended fall cultivation can be in the seedlings 9 ~ 10 true leaves when centering, to promote the side trails early melon.
5, insert shelf rectification and artificial auxiliary pollination
gourd vine length 30-40cm should be inserted in a timely manner, can take the herringbone frame or trellis, and timely tied trailing on the shelf. Early spring protected cultivation due to no insect activity, should be manually assisted pollination. Pollination time is after 5 p.m. or early in the morning before 8 a.m., pick the day of the opening of the fresh male flowers, remove the petals, pollen evenly coated in the female flower stigma. After the plant is centered, the side vines occur more, you should leave 2 to 3 strong side vines on the shelf, cut off the excess side vines, to avoid ineffective consumption of nutrients by the plant.
6, bushy gourd fertilizer management
Fertilizer should be based on plant growth potential, such as plant growth potential is strong, adequate fertilizer, can reduce the number of fertilizer or no fertilizer. If the plant growth potential is weak, it should be timely fertilizer. Generally in the planting after the survival of the seedling fertilizer 1 time, after picking the center of the vine fertilizer 1 time, the rapid growth of fruit fertilizer 1 time, every harvest 2?3 batches, should be fertilized 1 time. Fertilizer can be used 50kg dilute human feces urine plus 100g urea or 1% ternary compound fertilizer solution alternately, but also according to the plant growth of foliar fertilizer, in order to replenish nutrients, enhance plant resistance. Gourd is neither drought tolerant nor afraid of stains, therefore, drought and fruit expansion period should be diligent furrow irrigation? The first thing you need to do is to get your hands dirty. , pay attention to avoid heavy water irrigation, and timely exclusion of stagnant water.
7, timely harvest bushy gourd
10-15 days after the pollination of the female flower bloom, the pericarp and placenta tissues are soft and juicy, the best quality at this time, is the most suitable period of commercial gourd harvest, should be harvested in time to promote the normal growth of the subsequent melon, to avoid deformed melons.
The role of bushy gourd therapeutic
Bushy gourd is flat, taste sweet and light; into the lungs, spleen, kidney meridian;
has a diuretic swelling, quench thirst in addition to annoyance, through the gonorrhea to dissipate the efficacy of the knot;
The main treatment of oedema and ascites, feverish thirst, sores, jaundice, gonorrhea, carbuncle and other diseases.
The delicious dishes that can be made with bushy gourd are: tomato trunk bushy gourd soup, bushy gourd lean meat and seaweed fresh soup, home roasted bushy gourd, bushy gourd pancake and so on.
Plant culture of the cucumber
Ancient literature records that "Poetry? Xiao Ya? The southern sprawling wood, sweet gourd tired of it? name of a feudal wind Lagenaria has bitter leaves, and there is a deeper involvement in the water. The Analects of Confucius. Yangguo? Am I not a Lagenaria? How can I tie it and not eat it? The Analects of Confucius. The Chinese version of "Lu Yu" (魯语)? The Lagenaria is not a good gourd, but it is a good gourd for the people. The "Shuowen Jiezi" said? Lagenaria? The first time I saw this, it was a very good idea for me to go back to the old days of my life. The first time I saw this, it was a very good idea to have a good time. The two words are mutually exclusive. Lagenaria, gourd, from the bag from the qua sound. The first is the one that is not a part of the program, but the second is the one that is not a part of the program. The name of the bottle is "Lagenaria" (gourd). The first is to be a good example of this. The first is the "Lagenaria", which is a gourd. The name of the gourd is from gourd. The first is the "Gourd", the "Gourd", the "Gourd", the "Gourd". Gourd can be seen sweet, bitter two kinds of gourd, and Lagenaria has a bitter taste can not eat, gourd and Lagenaria if not the same reference, there must be a classification or species relationship. The later generations of writers have used flavor as a different word, such as "Poetry Collection Biography"? Lagenaria, gourd. Lagenaria's bitter is not edible, but can be worn to cross the water only? The Lagenaria is a bitter gourd that cannot be eaten, but can be worn to cross the water only; there is also the shape, such as Bei Ya? Long and thin said gourd, short neck and big belly said Lagenaria? And "Shuowen Jiezi" did not distinguish, so the difference is doubtful for the time being. Ancient Chinese to monosyllabic as the main body, usually a text is a written form of the word, so on the history of the above plants, literature, both from the appearance, traits, production period, the basic distinction between the parties to examine, modern? The modern day gourd is the most common type of gourd in the world. with the then gourd, Lagenaria features consistent on the no coincidence.
From the internal form of language. The language of the book is the same as the language of the people of the world. Lagenaria, from bag from qua sound. The first is the "Lagenaria," which is from the bag from the quarto sound. The first is that the Lagenaria is a very important part of the world's economy. Lagenaria? In the Middle Ages, it was a flat sound in the opening of the rhyme scheme, and in the Upper Ages, it was a part of the Yu division, and Zheng Zhang Shangfang pronounced it as *bruu. Lagenaria. In the Middle Ages, it was a flat sound in the mouth of the Xi-ma rhyme, and belonged to the Fish Department in the ancient times, and Zheng Zhang Shangfang pronounced it as *k?raa. The main vowel of the Yu Department was the back-high, rounded-lipped [u], and that of the Fish Department was the front-low, non-rounded-lipped [a], which, together with [i], constituted the limit of the tongue's movement in the oral cavity during the production of lingual vowels, and the distinctiveness of the vowels was greatest, so that no rhyming of paratransfers, pairs of turns, or paratransferring could possibly exist. And? Bao? According to Shuowen Jiezi? Like a person wrapped in pregnancy, Si in the middle, like the child is not yet formed. Yuan Qi from the son? Bukongche? that is? The first text of the cell? of the first text, the ancient also belongs to the Department of Yu, Zheng Zhang Shangfang proposed sound as *p?ruu, with? Lagenaria. Only the sound of the alternation of light and turbid, rhyme is identical. According to the author's knowledge of phonetics, Xu Shen analyzed Lagenaria as *p?ruu. Lagenaria? from the qua get sound when the error,? Bao? It is the character that is also the phonetic symbol of the meaning of the word.
? Bao? The seal form is, like carrying an unformed child in a vessel, undoubtedly the womb. The form of the character intuitively reflects the shape and function of the object to which the word corresponds. Bao? The original meaning of this character should be "embryo". embryo and? birth and as an objective thing. Lagenaria (i.e., cucumber) because of its huge capacity, large number of seeds, uterus-like shape, and tenacious fertility and vitality also have the same characteristics as? Reproduction, nourishment? is also characterized by the association of "multiply, nourish". Mr. Wen Yiduo, in his famous article "Fuxi Kao", pointed out through phonetic exegesis that as the founder of mankind? Fuxi? that is? Lagenaria? and that Nuwa is the founder of the human race. Lagenaria That's a good sign. Lagenaria? is based on? Lagenaria It is a cognate derived from the original meaning of semantic **** like? i.e.? fullness, reproduction, nourishment? See also ? Doctor? ("廣韵") as 薄交切 (薄交切), and 平肴并 (平肴并). The Chu Rhetoric. Liu Xiang<Nine Sighs Compassionate Life="compassionate life">"? The hospital's route line in the basket? Wang Yi's note reads. Doctor, Lagenaria? This can be seen as another way of characterization, taking the word "phoenix" to mean "basket". Bao? The sound symbol of "包" is added to "gua" (瓜). Gua? to increase the distinguishing features and category attribution.
As a written word, ? Lagenaria? completed the historical evolution of speech. However, in the dialect, or rather, in the daily life of the common people, because the Lagenaria is a very common vegetable, the words to record the object have become the common basic vocabulary. In the absence of a written form, the phonology of this basic vocabulary is often characterized by tradition, i.e., a lag in phonological evolution. In? Lagenaria? when the pronunciation was already very different from the ancient reading, a close-sounding character was used to record it, and then, with the development of Chinese diphthongization, the former Lagenaria? Lagenaria? became today's? The first is the "Lagenaria", the "Lagenaria", the "Lagenaria".