Psoralea corylifolia

Different names Hu Jiuzi (Xu Biao's Annals of Nanzhou), Po Gu Zhi, Bao Gu Paper (Theory of Medicinal Properties), Bu Gu Jie (Materia Medica), Hei Gu Zi, Hu Gu Zi (Annals of Traditional Chinese Medicine) and Ji Gu Zi (Jiangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine).

The source is the fruit of Psoralea corylifolia, a leguminous plant.

Plant morphology Psoralea corylifolia

Annual herb, 40 ~ 90 cm tall, all covered with yellow and white hairs and dark brown glands. The stems are erect, the branches are hard and have longitudinal edges. The leaves are alternate, and the branches often have lateral leaflets 1 piece; The leaves are broadly ovoid or triangular ovoid, 4 ~11cm long and 3 ~ 8 cm wide, with rounded or obtuse apex, heart-shaped, oblique heart-shaped or round base, thick and broad teeth at the edge, and obvious black glandular spots on both sides of the leaves; Petiole 2 ~ 4 cm long, petiole 2 ~ 3 mm long, covered with white fluff; Stipules in pairs, triangular-lanceolate, about 1 cm long, membranous. Flowers are numerous, densely clustered into spikes; Floral axis axillary, about 6 ~10 cm long; Calyx bell-shaped, connected into a tubular shape at the base, with 5 teeth at the apex and black glandular spots; Corolla butterfly, lavender or yellow, flag petal obovate, wing petal broadly linear, keel petal oblong, apex obtuse, slightly inflected; Stamens 10, 1 bundle, anthers small; Pistil 1, ovary superior, obovate or linear, style filiform. The pod is oval, with persistent calyx and black peel, which sticks to the seed; The seed 1 smells fragrant and fishy. The flowering period is from July to August. The fruiting period is 9 ~10 month.

Cultivated or wild. Distributed in Henan, Anhui, Guangdong, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places.

When the autumn fruits are ripe, the ears are collected, dried in the sun, and the fruits are laid to remove impurities.

The dried fruits of medicinal materials are oblate or slightly kidney-shaped, with a length of 3 ~ 5 mm, a diameter of 2 ~ 4 mm and a thickness of about 1.5 mm. The center is slightly concave, and the surface is dark brown: rough, with fine reticular wrinkles and fine glandular spots, and a few fruits have light gray-brown persistent calyx outside. The pericarp is thin and difficult to separate from the seed coat. After peeling, there is a kernel 1 piece, with 2 cotyledons, light brown to yellowish brown, rich in oil. The gas is slightly fragrant and bitter. The grain is big and black. Full, solid and free of impurities is preferred.

Location: Sichuan, Henan, Shaanxi, Anhui and other places.

Chemical ingredients Fruit contains about 20% volatile oil, organic acid, a methyl glycoside, alkali-soluble resin, nonvolatile terpenoid oil and saponin. The seeds contain fenugreek psoralen and isopsoralen * * * about 1. 1%, flavonoids, methyl psoralen, isopsoralen and chalcone, isopsoralen and monoterpene phenol derivative psoralen; It also contains volatile oil, resin and fatty oil. Flowers contain fatty oil, volatile oil, sterols, alkaloids and so on. This plant also contains raffinose.

Pharmacological action ① Influence on cardiovascular system

A chalcone (psoralen B) in the fruit of Psoralea corylifolia can dilate the coronary vessels of isolated hearts of guinea pigs, rabbits, cats and rats, and its effect is four times that of Lin Qiang, and it can resist the contraction of pituitrin on coronary vessels. However, it has little effect on the total peripheral vascular resistance, indicating that it has high selectivity in dilating coronary arteries. The derivatives of psoralen can increase the blood flow of coronary artery and peripheral blood vessels in dogs. Psoralen B can also strengthen the cardiac contractility of guinea pigs and rats, excite frog hearts, and resist heart failure caused by lactic acid. The increase of myocardial oxygen consumption is not obvious, but the increase of respiratory quotient has little effect on myocardial oxidative phosphorylation, glycogen and lactic acid, so it does not promote anaerobic metabolism in myocardium. Slow administration has low toxicity.

② Antibacterial effect

Psoralea corylifolia seed extract has bacteriostatic effect on staphylococcus and staphylococcus resistant to penicillin and other antibiotics in vitro. Psoralea corylifolia has a certain effect on mold on Shapiro's culture medium, and tincture has a stronger effect than decoction. The petroleum ether extract of seeds has inhibitory effect on earthworms, so it may have anthelmintic effect.

③ The crude extract of Psoralea corylifolia can treat vitiligo and psoriasis, which can be applied locally and taken orally. Now it is known that its effective component is psoralen, which has little toxicity and needs a large dose to form teratoma (experiments in rats and guinea pigs). The extract from the seed of the same plant P.leguminosea has photosensitivity to rabbits and can be used to treat vitiligo.

④ Effect on smooth muscle

Psoralea corylifolia seed extract can stimulate the intestinal tract in vitro and in situ, but relax the uterus of guinea pigs in vitro.

⑤ Estrogen-like effect

Every day, female rats (ovariectomized rats and normal rats) were given 0.35g or 0.175g of dry powder of Psoralea corylifolia seeds (mixed in the diet), which could increase the * * * keratinization, and this effect was reversible. 0.25g could make immature female rats * * open, and this estrogen-like effect was extremely weak, but psoralen had no such effect. Feeding 0.35g of seed powder for 37 ~ 77 days can damage the fertility of adult female rats, but it can be recovered within one week after changing the normal diet, while feeding male rats for 46 days has no effect.

Processing of Fructus Psoraleae: remove impurities, wash and dry in the sun. Salted Fructus Psoraleae: Take clean Fructus Psoraleae, mix well with salt water, moisten slightly, stir-fry in a pot with slow fire until it swells slightly, take it out and dry it. (each psoralea corylifolia 100 kg. Use 2 kg 8 Liang of salt, add appropriate amount of boiling water to melt and clarify)

(1) The Theory of Lei Gong's Baking: "All psoralea corylifolia is soaked in wine for one night and then percolated out, but it is soaked in east running water for three days and nights, and it is used dry every day from the beginning to the application."

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Psoralea corylifolia, stir-fried in medicine."

Pungent and warm in nature.

① The Theory of Lei Gong's Baking: "Sex poison."

② Theory of Medicinal Properties: "Bitter and bitter taste."

③ "Kaibao Materia Medica": "pungent, warm and nontoxic."

④ Modern and Practical Chinese Medicine: "It tastes bitter and sweet."

Meridian entering kidney meridian.

① Explanation of the nature of Lei Gong's processed drugs: "Entering the kidney meridian."

(2) A Summary of Materia Medica: "Start with the meridians of Jueyin, Zutaiyin and Mingmen."

③ Interpretation of Materia Medica: "Entering the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming, Lung Meridian of Hand Taiyin and Kidney Meridian of Foot Shaoyin."

④ Compendium of Materia Medica: "Entering the meridian of shaoyin and Jueyin in foot."

The function is mainly to tonify kidney and yang. Treat cold diarrhea due to kidney deficiency, enuresis, spermatorrhea, frequent urination, impotence, cold pain in waist and knees, and cough due to deficiency cold. External use for vitiligo.

① Theory of Medicinal Properties: "The main man's back aches, his knees are cold and wet, and he drives away cold and obstinacy, stopping small and convenient, and his abdomen is cold."

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Promoting Yang, curing cold fatigue, and keeping eyes and ears clear."

③ "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Main five strains and seven injuries, wind deficiency and cold, bone marrow injury and failure, kidney cold and spermatorrhea, and women's blood gas abortion."

④ Essence of Pinhui: "Consolidate essence."

⑤ "Compendium": "Treating kidney diarrhea, unblocking the life gate, warming the abdomen and astringing the spirit."

⑥ "Medicinal Solution to Sorbus fragrans": "Warming the soil and water, digesting the diet, ascending to the spleen and stomach, astringing the symptoms of slippery discharge, nocturnal emission, leukorrhagia, excessive drowning and slippery stool."

⑦ Compilation of Medical Forest: "Treating Asthma and Cough Caused by Deficiency Cold."

Usage and dosage for oral administration: decoction,1.5 ~ 3 RMB; Or into the pill, scattered. External use: grinding powder or soaking in wine.

It is advisable to avoid people with yin deficiency and excessive fire.

① "Herbal Medicine of Sea Medicine": "Evil licorice."

(2) Compendium: "Avoid all kinds of blood, and you will get walnuts and flax."

(3) The Classic of Materia Medica: "Anyone suffering from fire due to yin deficiency, wet dream, hematuria, short and astringent urine, red mouth and bitter tongue, dry stool, thirst due to internal heat, red eyes due to fire, hunger and noise, flaccidity due to damp heat, which leads to bone weakness, should not take it."

④ "Deserved Materia Medica": "It is forbidden for patients with yin deficiency, internal heat, polydipsia, dizziness, qi deficiency, pregnant heartburn and constipation."

Prescription ① Treatment of spleen and kidney weakness, no eating at all: four ounces of broken paper (stir-fried) and two ounces of nutmeg (raw). The top is fine powder, with 49 big fat dates and 42 pieces of ginger, sliced and cooked together. The dates are rotten and ginger is removed, and the dates are peeled and pitted with meat, ground into paste, used as medicine and pestle, and the pills are as big as buttonwood. Take 30 pills each time with salt soup. ("Skill" Er Shen Pill)

② Treatment of red and white dysentery and watery diarrhea: one or two pieces of broken paper (fried until fragrant) and four or two pieces of poppy shells (peeled and pedicled, dried on new tiles). The first two flavors are fine powder, and the refined honey is pills as big as marbles. Take one pill each time, one lamp of water melts, two slices of ginger and one jujube, and decoct for seven points, such as four for children. ("101 choices")

③ Treatment of infantile enuresis: one or two pieces of broken paper (fried). For the end, every time you take a money, the hot soup is adjusted. ("The Theory of Supplementing Pocket Children's Prescriptions" breaks the old paper)

(4) Treat men and women with five pains and seven injuries, long cold in the next yuan, black mustache and temples, all wind diseases, pain in limbs, staying young and strong: 1 kg of Psoralea corylifolia, soaked in wine for one night, let dry, but stir-fry with 1 liter of sesame oil, so that the pockmarked sound will be wiped away, and only Psoralea corylifolia is taken as the end, and the vinegar-boiled batter pill is as big as a swallow. Take 20 pills with warm wine and salt soup in the morning. (Behind the Experience)

⑤ Treating deficiency and defeat of the lower Yuan, heavy feet and hands, and night sweats. This medicine strengthens bones and muscles and benefits vitality: Psoralea corylifolia (stir-fried), Semen Cuscutae (steamed with wine), Walnut meat (peeled), Olibanum, Myrrha and Aquilaria Resinatum (each ground) and San Qian half. The honey pill is as big as a wuzi. Take 20 or 30 pills each time, and take the hollow salt soup and warm wine one time a day from the summer solstice to the winter solstice. (Psoralea corylifolia Pill)

⑥ Centering and tonifying kidney: break two pieces of old paper (stir-fry every paper to make it fragrant) and one or two pieces of white poria cocos (peel). The first two flavors are fine powder, smashed with half a ounce of myrrh, soaked in ash-free wine, and the height of myrrh is as high as a finger, waiting like a thick cup, and the first two flavors are searched, and the pills are as big as buttonwood. Take thirty or fifty pills each time, with soup; If the pill is dry and difficult due to myrrh, search the pill with less wine paste and take it before eating. ("Wei's Family Tibetan Prescription" returns to Jingwan)

⑦ Treating kidney qi deficiency and cold, excessive urination: breaking paper (fried with salt) and fennel (fried with salt). The first grade is divided into fine powder, and the wine paste is as big as a buttonwood pill. Take 50 pills or 100 pills each time, with warm wine and salt soup. ("Wei's Family Collection" breaks the paper pill)

⑧ Treatment of low back pain due to falling, blood stasis and stagnation: breaking paper (fried), fennel (fried), spicy cinnamon, etc. For the end, it costs two yuan for each hot wine. ("Ren Zhai Zhi Fang")

Pet-name ruby cure lumbago: break the old paper as the end, warm wine under the San Qian Bi. (Behind the Experience)

Attending to treat kidney-qi weakness and wind-cold to take it; Or blood-gas pulse, low back pain, difficulty in sitting up, unfavorable pitching, and inability to turn sideways; Or because of overwork, it hurts the kidney meridian; Or be humble and wet, and the ground gas hurts the waist; Or fall injury, or cold, or qi stagnation, all make low back pain; Or if there seems to be something falling from the waist and it is difficult to sit up, it can be cured: 20 walnuts (peeled), four ounces of garlic (boiled paste), eight ounces of broken paper (sprinkled and soaked), and sixteen ounces of Eucommia ulmoides (peeled and soaked in ginger juice). Fine powder on the top, garlic paste as pills. Take 30 pills each time, under hollow warm wine; Women's light vinegar soup. Regular clothes strengthen bones and muscles, activate blood, blacken moustache and benefit color. ("The Bureau" Qing 'e Pill)

⑾ Treatment of low back pain in pregnancy, which is unbearable: not much paper is broken, and the tile is fried and cooked, and at the end, a walnut meat is chewed, and San Qian is adjusted with hollow warm wine. (Ventilation Powder in Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Life-saving Collection)

⑿ Treat toothache for a long time, and kidney deficiency is also: two or two pieces of Psoralea corylifolia and half two pieces of green salt. Stir-fry, grind and wipe it. (Imperial Medicine Hospital)

Clinical application ① Treatment of uterine bleeding

Taking Psoralea corylifolia and Halloysitum rubrum tablets orally, more than 300 cases were observed, and the hemostatic effect was over 90%. However, for patients with bleeding for too long or too long, other hemostasis measures should be used. For bleeding diseases in other parts of the body, such as hemophilia, epistaxis, upper gastrointestinal ulcer bleeding, etc., the hemostatic effect can also be seen through individual trials. Preparation and usage: Fructus Psoraleae extract (1:4) and halloysitum rubrum are equally rolled into tablets. When the menstrual flow tends to increase, start taking the medicine, 6 tablets each time (1 money), 3 times a day for 3 days, and may be extended appropriately if necessary. According to animal experiments, the effective hemostatic component of this medicine is mainly Psoralea corylifolia. Psoralea corylifolia has obvious effect of shortening bleeding time and reducing bleeding staff; At the same time, it has obvious contraction effect on uterus, while halloysitum rubrum has no obvious effect on uterine contraction. It is inferred that the hemostatic effect of this product on menorrhagia may be due to the fact that drugs promote the contraction of uterine smooth muscle and reduce the amount of bleeding.

② Treatment of psoriasis

Intramuscular injection with 100% psoralea corylifolia solution, 2.5 ~ 3 ml per day 1 time. Patients with itching or chapped skin should be treated with antihistamine drugs or local drugs. Observation 120 cases, 29 cases (24.2%) were clinically cured (rash disappeared, close to healthy skin), 48 cases (40%) were markedly effective (rash mostly disappeared), 33 cases (27.5%) were effective (rash partially disappeared), and 10 cases were ineffective (8.5%). There is a certain relationship between the types of skin lesions and the curative effect. If the lesions are in the form of drops (most of them are generalized all over the body, and the dander is thin, which is a progressive stage), the curative effect is better; Those with oyster shell or spot (skin lesions scattered in hypertrophy, mostly in static or degenerative stage) have poor curative effect. In children's group, the skin lesions are mostly in the form of generalized drops, and the course of disease is short, which is progressive and the curative effect is the most prominent. According to the observation, after general administration of 10 times, itching is relieved, dandruff is peeled off, and rash is reduced; The curative effect is more obvious after 20 ~ 40 times. If 40 ~ 60 injections are ineffective, we can consider stopping the treatment. No adverse reactions were found during the treatment. In addition, 50% Psoralea corylifolia injection is used for intramuscular injection of 5ml per day 1 time, and at the same time, combined with ultraviolet irradiation (once a day, starting from 2min, gradually increasing to10min; After 15 times, it was changed to every other day 1 time or twice a week, and it could be stopped after a month), and 148 cases were treated; Results Clinical cure 103 cases, marked effect in 26 cases, effective 16 cases and ineffective in 3 cases. However, after several months, most cases relapse, and it is still effective if treated again.

③ Treatment of vitiligo

Intramuscular injection of 50% Psoralea corylifolia injection, 5ml 1 time; Apply psoralea corylifolia liquid to local white spots (starting from a small area). At the same time, ultraviolet radiation was used, starting for 2 minutes and gradually increasing to 10 minute; If you bask in the sun, you can bask in it for 5 ~ 20 minutes according to the intensity of the light. If local redness and blisters occur, the treatment should be suspended and used again after recovery. Face, hands and other * * * parts should be washed away after selenium. Generally, it can be used continuously for several months or more than half a year. For face, hands and feet, the effect is slow. 49 cases were observed. After 3 ~ 6 months, 6 cases were cured (pigment completely recovered), 8 cases were markedly effective (2/3 pigment recovered), 23 cases were effective (partially pigment recovered) and 0/2 cases were ineffective. In addition, 7 cases were treated with 30% ethanol extract of Fructus Psoraleae alone, and different degrees of curative effect were obtained. It is believed that psoralen contained in this product has the function of regenerating pigment.

④ Treatment of baldness

Intramuscular injection of 50% Psoralea corylifolia injection, 5ml 1 time; At the same time, the ultraviolet irradiation is gradually increased from 2 minutes each time to 10 minutes, and 15 times and then rested for 2 weeks before irradiation. 45 cases were observed. After 3 ~ 6 months, they were cured (hair completely recovered) 16 cases, markedly effective (hair basically recovered) 18 cases, 4 cases were effective (hair partially recovered) and 7 cases were ineffective.

⑤ Treat ringworm of finger and toenail.

Psoralea corylifolia combined with the same amount of Semen Cuscutae was made into injection, which was injected intramuscularly, 5 ml per day 1 time for several months. Four cases were treated, 2 cases were cured (blisters and scales disappeared, nails recovered, and bacteria test was negative), and 2 cases were effective (blisters and scales disappeared, nails recovered more than 2/3). Generally, it takes a long time for multiple injections to be effective.

Famous experts discuss "Outline": "According to Bai Feixia's" Fang Wai Qi Fang "cloud, breaking the old paper can converge the gods, which can make the fire of the heart and the fire of the life gate communicate, so Yuanyang is strong, the bone marrow is rich, and astringency can be cured. Walnut moistens dryness and nourishes blood, and blood belongs to yin and evil dryness, so oil moistens it, and it is wonderful to help break the old paper. Therefore, the saying goes, there is no walnut on broken paper, and there is no shrimp on jellyfish. What is added to Qing 'e Pill in Ruizhutang Prescription? Can licorice be combined with all kinds of medicines, evil but not evil? And Xu Shuwei's "recipe for skill" says that Sun Zhenren said that tonifying the kidney does not make up the spleen. To say, tonifying the spleen is not necessary to tonify the kidney, and kidney qi is weak, so the yang is weak, and the spleen and stomach can't be fumigated. The spleen and stomach are cold, which makes the chest and diaphragm congested, unable to eat, late in transportation, or bloated in the abdomen and hypochondrium, or vomiting and vomiting, or diarrhea. The kidney is tonified with broken paper and the spleen is tonified with nutmeg. Although the two drugs are both tonic, they have no mediation, and they often add Radix Aucklandiae to make their mediation empty and empty.

(2) "Herbal Classics": "Psoralea corylifolia is an important medicine that can warm water and dirty organs, generate yang in yin, and strengthen fire and benefit the soil. The diseases that lead to five strains and seven injuries, and cover edge injuries, are mostly caused by deficiency of both spleen and kidney. Because of its ability to warm water and viscera and replenish fire to produce soil, the true yang in kidney can be replenished and rise, and then Shui Gu can be decomposed, steamed dregs can be refined, and the spleen can be scattered and refined, and the five internal organs can be nourished with pride, so it leads to illness caused by the injury of seven emotions. If the wind is deficient and cold, due to the decline of yang qi, the wind is cold and takes advantage of the deficiency, so that the bone marrow is injured, the kidney is cold and the essence flows, and the kidney dominates the bamboo and stores the essence. The marrow is the essence, and the true yang qi is not solid, that is, the former syndrome is seen, and the yang qi is born, so the former syndrome is eliminated. "Men focus on essence, women focus on blood, and women who are full of blood are still as sick as men whose kidneys are cold and blood is degassed, which is the same as men's kidneys.

(3) The Classic Reading of Materia Medica: "(Kaibao Materia Medica says) An abortionist claims that he has the disease of abortion, and treating him with this medicine does not mean that this medicine is aborted. Covering a fetus is based on spleen-qi and kidney-qi. This medicine warms the spleen and kidney, so it has a great effect on fixing the fetus. For hundreds of years, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was mistakenly used as a product to prevent miscarriage, so warm medicine was used to prevent miscarriage. See the word "abortion" in Kaibao, and the word "abortion" was used instead of medical treatment. Or ask Achyranthes bidentata in Benjing, there is also the word abortion. Can you solve it by using the word abortion as a medicine? "He said," Pursue the blood, "but he is good at pursuing it, so he is good at falling, and the ancient prose changes intricately, so it is difficult to stick to it."

Remind you: Psoralea corylifolia, a Chinese herbal medicine, comes from the Internet. Please follow the doctor's advice before using it.