When pronouncing Italian, the muscles of the organs of articulation are more tense. Vowels are pronounced with obvious changes in the shape of the lips, so when practicing pronunciation, you should follow the pronunciation parts and requirements strictly, and do a good job of lip movements, and not change the shape of the lips at random.

Italian vowels are pronounced clearly and unambiguously, always maintaining the same quality of sound in the process of pronunciation, even in the non-repeated pronunciation can not be weakened, and the vowels in each chapter must be very clear and accurate to send out.

A a [a]: Pronunciation: lips open naturally, tongue stretched out flat, lips in an oval shape, tip of the tongue against the lower gums, lips slightly retracted.

mamma mom papà dad fama reputation lana wool banana banana banana lama blade sala hall casa house

E e The lips are slightly open to the sides, the mouth is slightly less open than a, the tip of the tongue is touching the lower teeth, and the tongue is slightly lifted towards the palate. The vowel e is divided into openè and closedé depending on how much the tongue is lifted up and how much the mouth is opened.

The e in the following words is pronounced with an open mouth, and the mouth is opened more and the tongue is lifted slightly upwards:

bene good bello beautiful lieto happy pieno full lei her europa european pesca peach vento wind

[é]

The vowel e is pronounced with an open mouth, and the tongue is lifted slightly upwards. p>[é]

The e in the following words has a closed mouth sound and is pronounced with a small open-mouth admonition and with the tongue lifted upwards:

pepe Pepper fede Faith vela Sail cena Dinner pera Pear cinese Chinese fresco Cool mela Apple

I i [i] The front part of the tongue is raised forcefully towards the hard palate, with the tip of the tongue resting against the lower teeth and the lips pulled to the sides, making the mouth flatten. pulled to the sides, mouth flattened.

li si pino nido filo vino fine mille

[ò]

O o The lips are rounded and slightly stretched forward, the front of the tongue is pressed down, and the back of the tongue is slightly raised. The vowel o can be divided into open ò and closed ó according to the different procedures of lip opening and extension and the amount of backward contraction of the tongue during articulation.

[ò] The letter o in the following words is pronounced with an open mouth, with a large lip opening and a slightly backward contraction of the back of the tongue during articulation:

nonno modo notte otto buono cuore suono oggi <

[ó]

The letter o in the following word is pronounced with a closed mouth, with a small lip opening and a strong backward contraction of the tongue:

ora loro come solo nome voce noi molto

U u [u] with the lips tightly closed and protruding in a rounded shape, and with the tongue contracted hard to make a bulge in the surface:

lupo nudo muto luna muro tutto lui uno

Z z Start by placing the tip of the tongue between the upper and lower teeth, close to the upper teeth against the gums to form an obstruction, and then the tongue descends violently, with the air draining out of the gap between the tip of the tongue and the upper teeth. z is pronounced as a clear sound without vibration of the vocal cords. [ts] za ze zi zo zu zappa zoppo zucca zitto pezzo pazzo zio

When z is produced as a velar sound, it is pronounced in the same way and in the same place as a velar sound, but the vocal cords vibrate.

[dz] za ze zi zo zu zona zelo zoo mezzo zaino bronzo

M m [m] The lips are closed tightly, forming an obstruction, then the lips are gently opened and the air leaks out of the nose, and the vocal cords vibrate.

ma me mi mo mu mamma amo ama mimo mela miele

N n [n] The lips open naturally, the tip of the tongue is pressed against the gums, the soft palate is removed and pressed against the tongue, leaving no gap. The airflow comes out of the nose and the vocal cords vibrate.

na ne ni no nu nonno nome meno uno notte mano ninna

L l [l] The tip of the tongue touches the upper gums, the tongue descends, the airflow escapes from the sides of the tongue, and the vocal cords vibrate.

la le li lo lu lana male lama lino luna mille mila

R r [r] Tip rolls up, in contact with the upper gums, the airflow keeps hitting the tip of the tongue causing it to flutter, the vocal cords vibrate, the vocal cords vibrate, r at the end of the word with just a flutter.

ra re ri ro ru

SC sc When in front of the vowels e and i, the lips are stretched forward and rounded, and the front of the tongue is lifted and resolves with the hard palate, forming a gap, and the airflow rushes out of the oral gap to make a fricative sound, and the vocal cords do not vibrate.

sc between the vowels a,o,u, without the vowels e and i in the center, to pronounce the [sk] sound.

scia sce sci scio sciu sca sco scu scia scena scippo sciopero pesce pesca ascia

GN gn The tongue is pressed against the mandible, and the surface of the tongue is lifted as far as it can go upward against the hard palate, creating an obstruction, with the vast majority of the airflow coming out of the nose, and the vocal cords vibrating.

gna gne gni gno gnu ogni ragno sogna legno signore bagno montagna

GL gl The tongue is pressed against the lower gums, and the tongue surface is raised as far as it can go up against the hard palate, the airflow leaks out through the gap that is formed between the sides of the tongue and the upper molars, and the vocal cords vibrate. In front of the vowels a,e,o,u, gl is written as gli to produce this sound, otherwise it is pronounced [gl].

glia glie gli glio gliu maglia moglie luglio meglio famiglia figlia

H h Italian h is silent in any position. ho ha hotel