Rays, belonging to the order Rays and Rays of Chondrichthyes, are the general name of many kinds of flat cartilage fishes. Distributed in most waters of the world, including 2 suborders, ***8 families, about 49 genera, 3 15 species.

There are 28 species in China, belonging to 6 families and 8 genera. Different regions in China have different common names. Zhoushan fishermen call stingrays yellow tigers, manta rays swallow flowers, black tiger fish and two-headed flowers, Herzog ray catfish, and Jiaodong fishermen call them Laozi fish, Laopan fish and Dangdang fish. Rays often jump out of the sea to fly, and the flying wenyao fish described in Shan Hai Jing refers to the rays flying in the sea. Rays vary in size, ranging from 50 cm long to 8 m long. Rays are harmless and live on the bottom of the sea, usually partially buried in underwater sand.