Alternative names of Ground Jasmine Grass: grass blood exhaust, blood see sad grass, blood see sad, little bugs lying single, wire grass, Pu petal grass, blood wind grass, horse ant grass, bird's nest lying single, rats head grass, pouncing Ground Jasmine Grass, milk flower grass, milk grass, milk juice grass, paving ground jasmine, paving the ground red, red lotus grass, turtle dove's nest, March Yellow Flower, Ground Pong Grass, iron wire amaranthus, Centipede Grass, Milk Noma Grass, Red Stem Grass, Red turtle dove's nest, Ground Masaeng, Red Sand Grass, Cool Hat Grass, small fly wing grass, red silk grass, small red tendon grass, cactus grass, lotus grass, cartilage lotus grass, nine dragons spitting grass, ground petal grass, dung foot grass, dung touching feet, flower sheet, pavement grass sheet grass, star grass, spotted sparrow grass, multifoliage fruit, phoenix nest, dragon head lion grass. It is the dried whole grass of EuphorbiahumifusaWilld. or Spotted Groundnut EuphorbiamaculataL. of Euphorbiaceae. Harvested in summer and fall, removed impurities, sun-dried. Indications: Clearing away heat and removing toxins; inducing dampness and relieving yellowness; promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding. Dysentery; diarrhea; jaundice; coughing up blood; vomiting blood; blood in urine; blood in stool; leakage; breast milk not being able to get down; bruises, swelling and pain, and fever sores and ulcers. Euphorbia maculata L. Meridian: Lung; Liver; Stomach; Large Intestine; Urinary Bladder Meridian Sexual Flavor: Pungent; Flat Efficacy: Clearing heat and removing toxins; inducing dampness and eliminating yellowness; invigorating blood and stopping hemorrhage Efficacy Classification: Invigorating medicine; stopping hemorrhage; clearing heat and removing toxins Classification of the Family: Euphorbiaceae Ecological Environment: Born in the plains, wastelands, roadsides and fields, as a habitual weed. Harvesting and storage: harvest the whole plant in October, wash, dry or fresh. Resource Distribution: 1. Except for Guangdong and Guangxi, it is distributed all over the country. 2. Common everywhere, easy to collect in the fall when the ground mallow and mixed together. Herbal origin: the whole grass of Dijin grass and spotted leaf Dijin grass of Euphorbiaceae. Usage and dosage: for internal use: decoction, 10-15g, fresh can be 15-30g; or into the bulk. Externally: Appropriate amount, freshly pounded or powdered. Ground brocade - plant morphology Ground brocade 1. Ground brocade annual creeping herb. Stem slender, branched near base, purplish red, glabrous. Leaves opposite; petiole very short; stipules linear, usually 3-lobed; leaf blade oblong, 4-10 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, apex obtuse-rounded, base narrowed, margin finely toothed, both surfaces glabrous or sparsely pilose, green or light red. Cyathia solitary in leaf axils; involucre obconic, light red, apically 4-lobed, lobes long triangular; glands 4, oblong, with white petaloid appendages; ovary 3-loculed; styles 3, 2-lobed. Capsule trigonous-globose, smooth and glabrous; seeds ovate, black-brown, covered with white wax powder, ca. 1.2 mm long, ca. 0.7 mm wide; flowering in June-October, fruit ripening gradually in July.2. 2. Spotted Leaf Dicentrarchus This species is very similar to Dicentrarchus, the main differences are: leaf blade with a purple spot in the center, abaxial surface is pilose; capsule surface is densely white and finely pilose; seeds are ovate, with angular ribs. The flowering and fruiting period is the same as that of Griffonia. Groundnut - family introduction Groundnut Euphorbiaceae

A large family in the dicotyledonous subclass Rosaceae. Herbs, shrubs or trees, often with milky white sap. Leaves usually alternate, simple, sparsely compound, with stipules, sometimes with glands at the base or on the petiole. Flowers unisexual, monoecious or dioecious, aggregated into various inflorescences, usually cymes or special cup-shaped cymes (macropterous inflorescences); some species of the genus have calyx without petals, or both calyx and petals are absent; sepals free or united, imbricate or valvate arrangement; with disk or reduced to glands; male flowers: stamens and tepals as many as, or two times, or very much or very few or 1 (in the genus Euphorbia the whole flower only Containing 1 naked stamen); filaments free or united into column, anthers 2～4 cells, staminodes with or without ovary; female flowers: staminodes with or without; ovary superior, usually 3 cells, sparse 1 to multicellular, with ovules 1～2 per cell, borne on axile placenta, styles and locules as many as ovary. Fruit mostly capsules, splitting into 3-valves at maturity, sometimes indehiscent and berry-like or drupelike. The family includes broad cotyledons and narrow cotyledons of 2 classes, subfamily of subfoliaceae, subfamily of Euphorbiaceae, subfamily of Porantheroideae and subfamily of Ricinocarpoideae 4 subfamilies, 10 tribes, *** about 300 genera of more than 5000 kinds of species, spread all over the world, mainly produced in the tropical and subtropical regions. China about 72 genera of more than 450 species, throughout the provinces and regions of China, mainly produced in the southwest to Taiwan. The family is known for its abundance of rubber, oil, medicinal herbs, tanning, starch, wood and other important economic plants. Rubber tree genus is the main rubber-producing plant. The genus Oleander produces the best dry oil. Sapium sebiferum produces wax and oil. Castor is an important medicinal plant. Croton is used as a laxative and as an insecticide and also produces tannins. Cassava is one of the important edible plants in the tropics, with fat tuberous roots, very rich in starch, is one of the main raw materials for powder used in industry. The fruit of Eucalyptus is edible and has a high vitamin C content. Most species in this family are poisonous, and the Cape of Good Hope poison paint from South Africa is one of the most poisonous of the known poisonous plants. The genera Metaphyllum, Hypocarpus, Jatropha and Euphorbia are widely cultivated as ornamental plants. Antipathogenic microorganisms:

A variety of in vitro bacteriostatic test methods have proved that the fresh juice, decoction, decoction of alcohol, etc. of the fresh juice of the product on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albicans, Streptococcus haemolyticus, Streptococcus catarrhalis, diphtheria bacillus, E. coli, typhoid fever bacillus, typhoid fever bacillus paratyphoid fever bacillus, Schiff's dysentery bacillus, Fukushima dysentery bacillus, Sungnai's dysentery bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas enterocolitica, Salmonella cholera in swine, etc. have obvious bacteriostatic effect. Griffonia injection and Griffonia tannin extracts also have antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. The flavonoids contained in this product have strong broad-spectrum inhibition of bacteria in vitro, in the concentration of 0.002-0.63mg/ml of 20 common pathogenic bacteria have obvious inhibition, in 0.005-1.25mg/ml of bactericidal effect, the MIC of Staphylococcus aureus 0.005mg/ml, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0.32mg/ml, dysentery bacillus 0.16-0.63mg/ml, the MIC of Staphylococcus aureus 0.16-0.63mg/ml. 0.16-0.63mg/ml, but flavonoids and mouse whole blood, rabbit erythrocytes or serum *** with incubation for 30 minutes, the antibacterial effect is greatly weakened, but the mouse sc flavonoids, its urine can be a significant antibacterial effect. Gallic acid and quercetin, which were obtained from the plant, also had significant antibacterial effects. In addition, the decoction of Dijinshu has a certain inhibitory effect on Leptospira. With 0.125mg/embryo of flavonoids and viruses mixed in vitro after inoculation, or 1mg/embryo dose of virus inoculation followed by the administration of treatment, are effective in influenza virus Asia A caused by chicken embryo infection. 2. Detoxification:

Dijinshu not only has strong inhibitory effect on Corynebacterium diphtheriae, but also has obvious neutralizing effect on Corynebacterium diphtheriae exotoxin. Experiments have shown that 100, 50 and 25% of the tincture and diphtheria exotoxin in the low-temperature role of 30 minutes after injection in guinea pigs subcutaneous, are IMLD or aMLD of diphtheria exotoxin have obvious neutralization effect, can reduce animal mortality, but the decoction is not obvious. 3. Hemostatic effect:

Dijin grass powder not used locally, the experimental canine femoral artery incision bleeding has a hemostatic effect. 4.Alleviating the toxic effects of hexachlorohexane on histopathology in mice:

14% industrial hexachlorohexane 200ppm can cause serious damage to heart, liver, spleen and kidney tissues of animals. Vitamin C4000ppm can reduce the histopathology caused by hexachlorohexane, while Digiton can prevent the damage of hexachlorohexane to all tissues. At the same time, long term feeding of Dijon grass caused mild granular degeneration to the liver and myocardium of experimental animals, but had no effect on the kidney, but had an excitatory effect on the spleen and liver hematopoietic system. Lymphocytes and primitive mother cell sex increased. Dioscorea Digitata - Chemical Composition Dioscorea Digitata 1. Dioscorea Digitata contains three flavonoid glycosides, two of which have kaempferol as the glycoside element, and the other one has quercetin as the glycoside element. Also contains coumarin components: scopoletin (scopoletin), umbelliferone (umbelliferone), ayapin (ayapin). Also contains palmitic acid (palmitic acid), gallic acid (gallic acid), gallic acid methylgallate (methylgallate) and endocannabinoid inositol (mesoinositol). (2) The spotted leaf mallow contains β-amyrin acetate, taraxeryl acetate, lupenyl acetate, 3β-acetoxy-30-norlupan-20-one, aβ-acetoxy-30-norlupan-20-one, aβ-acetoxy-30-norlupan -20-one), a-amyrenonol, sito-sterol, glut-5-en-3β-yl acetate, ursa-9(11), 12-dien-3β-ol, ursa-9(11), 12-dien 3β-ol), eumaculin A, astragalin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol-3-O-(2"-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucoside [kaempferol-3-O-(2"-O-galactoyl)-β-Glucoside "-O-gal-loyl)-β-D-glucoside], quercetin-3-O-(2"-galloyl)-β-D-glucoside [quercetin-3-O-(2"-galloyl)-β-D glucoside], 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-Dglucose), geraniin. Ground jinzhao-medicinal material examination 1. from the "Jia You Ben Cao" 2. "Herbal Atlas": Ground jinzhao, born in Chuzhou and near the road in the field. Its seedling leaves are thin and weak for spreading all over the ground, the stem is red, the leaves are green and red, luxuriant in mid-summer; red flowers bloom in June; and it is fine and solid. Today's medical practitioners take the seedling, the son of the use. Divine Husbandman's Classic of the Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing), in the note of the stone, and this is the same name, but not a class. 3. "Compendium": Ground jasmine, fields and steps between the masonry are available, small grass. Born on the ground, red stems, yellow flowers, black fruit, like thistles, broken with juice. Dijinqiao - Pharmacological (toxicological) science Dijinqiao decoction concentrated ethanol extract was given to rabbits by gavage (20g of raw drug/kg) for 1 week, or to rats by gavage (15g of raw drug/kg) twice a day for 16 days, and observed for 1 week after stopping the drug, and did not find any abnormal phenomena. The toxicity of this product is small. Ground jinzhao tablets (decoction of alcoholic extract) to rabbits ig20g/kgl times, observation for a week or to rats ig15g/kg, 2 times a day for 16 days, after stopping the drug observation for a week after the above animals did not see any abnormal manifestations. Ground jinzhao - various exposition Ground jinzhao 1. "Materia Medica Huiyan": ground jinzhao, cool blood and disperse blood, detoxification and dysentery of the drug also. Good flow of blood, specializing in eliminating poisonous sores. Where the blood disease and because of the heat of the messenger, with the appropriate. If it is not a disease of blood heat, and the weak stomach qi, and when the discretion of the line. 2. "Beilu": main heart qi, women's yin hernia blood knot. 3. "Jia You Materia Medica": Mainly used for blood circulation, also used for treating gas. 4. Pinhui Jingyao (Essentials of Pinhui): Mainly used for regulating qi and blood. 5. "Compendium": Mainly used in treating carbuncle, swollen sores, bleeding from gold blade, bloody diarrhea, hemorrhage, and collapse, dispersing and stopping bleeding, and inducing urination. 6. "Compendium of Commonly Used Folk Herbs": It can treat stomach plumpness and pain, cold bone wind, smelly phlegm, hemorrhoids and breast-feeding. 7. "Zhejiang Folk Herbal Medicine": strengthening the stomach and stopping diarrhea, treating children's chancre. 8. "Shanghai Commonly Used Chinese Herbs": stop bleeding, diuretic, stomachic, blood detoxification. Treatment of jaundice, dysentery, diarrhea, urinary tract infection, blood in stool, blood in urine, uterine bleeding, bleeding hemorrhoids, bruises, swelling and pain, women's breast milk, snake bites, head sores, skin sores and poisons. Fujian Herbal Medicine: Clearing heat and cooling blood, subduing swelling and detoxifying. Ground jinzhao - prescription Ground jinzhao ① treatment of dirty poison red and white: Ground jinzhao harvested, washed, dry, for the end, rice drink to take a penny. ("Experience Formula") ② treatment of bacterial dysentery: one or two of the ground jinzhao, one or two of the iron amaranth, one or two of the fenghuangwei grass. Water decoction. ("Single prescription survey data compilation") ③ treatment of dysentery more than blood: ground jinzhao sun research, each serving two money, empty heart under the rice drink. ("Qiankun business") ④ treatment of gastroenteritis: fresh ground brocade grass one to two two. The water is decocted and taken. (5) Cold and cough: Fresh Ground Clover one or two. Fresh Ground Clover is one or two taels of fresh Ground Clover. (6) Coughing blood, vomiting blood, blood in stool, leakage: Fresh Ground Clover one or two. Decocted with water or mixed with honey. (4) The following formula is from "Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine". (7) For treating blood in urinary bleeding: Ground Clover, well water, take it with a ring. ("Liu Changchun experience formula") ⑧ treatment of women's hematochezia: the ground Kam grass exhausted tender steamed, to oil, salt, ginger pickle food, drink one or two cups of wine to send down, or dried for the end of the ginger, wine mixing service one or two money. ("World Medical get effective formula") ⑨ treatment of functional uterine bleeding: ground Kam grass two pounds. Water decoction slag boiling cream. Twice a day, each serving one and a half dollars, white wine to serve. (Inner Mongolia, "Chinese herbal medicine new medical data compilation") ⑩ treatment of gold sores bleeding more than: ground jinzhao research rot coated. ("World medicine can be effective formula") (11) the treatment of bleeding teeth: fresh Griffonia, wash, decoction and gargle. ("Quanzhou Materia Medica") (12) treatment of jaundice due to dampness-heat: Ground brocade whole grass five, six money. Decoction with water. ("Jiangxi Folk Herbal Medicine") (13) treatment of jaundice of spleen labor: ground jinzhao, goat weed, tangerine root, cangzhu each one or two, licorice five money. For the end, the first two bowls of vinegar into the pot, under the soap alum four two, fried for a long time, under the end of the medicine, and then into the white flour, do not worry about how much, and into a piece, pills such as a small pea, each serving three, fifty pills, fasting vinegar under the soup, the day two services. ("Qiankun Business Secret S?lve" such as the Holy Pill) Ground Jin Cao (14) for milk: ground Jin Cao seven money. With a boar's front hoof a stew, decocted in the soup, remove the dregs, on the sweet wine two two, warm service. (Jiangxi Folk Herbal Medicine) (15) Treatment of pediatric chancre: two or three dollars of the whole herb. Steamed with one chicken liver or three taels of pig liver, eat liver and soup. ("Jiangxi Folk Herbal Medicine") (16) treatment of Xianghu (to mouth sores): fresh ground jinzhao plus a little vinegar, mashed and applied externally. (Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine) (17) Treatment of carbuncle boils and swelling pain: fresh Griffonia, washed, and sour rice, salt, a small amount of compresses on the affected area. ("Quanzhou Materia Medica") (18) treatment of wind sores and scabies: the ground jinzhao with full of red grass mashed compress. (《Qiankun Business Secret S?lve韫》) Polycarbonate treatment of (19) sores: Ground Clover for the end of external application. ("Guiyang Folk Herbs") (20) treatment of snake (herpes zoster): fresh Ground Clover is pounded and stirred with vinegar. Add vinegar and stir well, take the juice and apply it on the affected area. ("Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine") (21) the treatment of inflammation and swelling of the throat: fresh Griffonia five money, salty and sour sweet grass five money. Pound and twist the juice, mix honey bubble service. Served three times a day. ("Quanzhou Materia Medica") (22) treatment of fire eye: ground brocade boiled water to wash, or steamed pig liver food. ("Guiyang Folk Herb") (23) treatment of bruises and swelling: fresh ground jinzhao appropriate amount, with the lees of wine pounded well, slightly plus flour external application. ("Hunan Drug Journal") (24) treatment of snake bites: fresh ground jinzhao pounded compress. ("Hunan Drug Journal") (25 white diarrhea. Wash, dry, research into the end, rice soup served one money. (26) women's hemorrhage. Steamed with young jinzhao, oil, salt, ginger, and drink one or two cups to send down. Also said: the ground jinzhao Yin dry, research for the end, ginger, wine mixing service one, two money, a service can stop avalanches. (27) urinary blood lymph. Ground brocade with water and mashed. (28) knife wound bleeding. Use the ground jinzhao pounded and coated. (29) Wind Sore and Scabies. Pound together with the grass of Blood Seeing Sorrow and the grass of Man Jiang Hong, and apply to the affected area. (30) Chicken eye between toes. First cut, so that bleeding, with the ground jinzhao pounded on, very effective. (31) jaundice. With the ground jinzhao, goat grass, Platycodon grandiflorus, Cangzhu each one or two, licorice five money, *** research for the end; another two bowls of vinegar and soap alum in Shaanxi Province, four two, with the simmering of uniform, will be close to the end of the medicine into the, and then add the right amount of white flour and into pills, such as a small pea big. Each serving thirty to fifty pills, empty heart service, vinegar soup sent down. It should be taken twice a day. Ground jinzhao - Botanical Cultivation Biological Characteristics Ground jinzhao prefers a warm and humid climate, slightly tolerant of shade, and more tolerant of humidity. It is suitable to be cultivated on loose, fertile, well-drained sandy loam or loam. It can be intercropped with corn.

Cultivation techniques Reproduction by seed. Fall September-October when the fruit is ripe, harvested, dried and stored. Spring sowing in March-April, the seeds mixed with grass ash, strip sowing, according to the row spacing of 15cm open a furrow, the seeds evenly sown into the furrow, thinly covered with fine soil, a little compression.

Field management After the emergence of seedlings, weeds should be pulled out in a timely manner. Fertilizer is mainly manure. When the corn is harvested to strengthen field management, to promote vigorous plant growth. The herb is often wrinkled and curled, and the roots are small. Stem fine, forked branches, surface purplish red, smooth hairless or sparsely white fine pilose; brittle, easy to break, fracture yellow-white, hollow. Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate or subsessile, reddish; leaf blade much wrinkled or deciduous, long elliptic when spread, 5-10 mm long, 4-6 mm wide; green or purplish red, usually glabrous or sparsely fine pilose; apex obtuse-rounded, base oblique, margin serrulate or sinuolate. Cyathia axillary, minute. Capsule trigonous-globose, surface smooth, seeds tiny, ovate, brown. Odorless, slightly astringent taste.

(2) Mottled Leafy Groundnut with a purple spot on the upper surface of the leaf, hairy on the lower surface; capsule densely white fine pilose; seeds ovate, angular. The one with green leaves, green-brown or purplish red stems, and flowers and fruits is preferable. Microscopic identification Stem transverse section: (l) Dictyostelium is oblong with 4 angles, 2 of which are more obvious. The epidermal cells are in 1 row, with thick angular tissue at the angles; the cortex is scattered with most latex tubes, 7-15 μm in diameter; the fibers of the mesostylar sheaths are arranged in an interrupted ring. Phloem narrow. Formation layer inconspicuous. Xylem wider, ducts arranged radially. The medulla is larger and hollow.

(2) Spotted-leafed groundnut is distinguished from groundnut by the fact that it is oblong in cross-section, without angles; the epidermal non-glandular hairs are numerous. Powder Characteristics: (1) Ground Nymphaea greenish brown. Frontal view of the cells around the leaf veins: the cells are oblong, neatly and closely arranged on both sides of the leaf veins; the cells around the end of the fine veins are radially arranged in a circle. Transverse section view of cells around leaf veins: the vascular sheaths of leaf veins can be seen rounded around the vascular bundles of leaf veins. Seed coat cells were mostly present in patches, yellowish brown, with polygonal cells in the adaxial view, about 13.6 μm in diameter, with extremely thick walls and small lumens. The branched, unsegmented lactiferous tubes contained granular material, and the lactiferous tubes were thicker in the stems, with a diameter of about 16 μm, while the lactiferous tubes were finer in the leaves, with a diameter of 6-9 μm.

(2) The difference between the powdered characteristics of spotted-leafed Dicentrarchus and Dicentrarchus is that: the number of nonglandular hairs is high, and the fine protrusions on the wall of nonglandular hairs are more obvious; the lactiferous tubes contained granular and platelike material, and the lactiferous tubes in the leaves were more easily observable. Application identification: Dijin Cao and Da Ji: the two medicines are the same as hemostatic medicine, both have the function of cooling blood, stopping bleeding, dispersing blood stasis and eliminating carbuncle. Used for blood heat and stasis of all kinds of blood and sores and canker sores, is its **** the same. Differences, the flavor of the ground jinzhao and astringent, attributed to the large intestine meridian, can cure damp-heat dysentery. Ground jinzhao and cimicifuga root: the two medicines have the same function of cooling blood and stopping bleeding, so it is suitable for all kinds of blood inside and outside the body, and has the characteristics of stopping bleeding without leaving stasis. However, in addition to the effect of stopping bleeding, but also clearing heat, detoxification and dysentery. The root of Cynanchum officinale is bitter and cold, and has the effect of slowing down diarrhea, so it is not suitable for people with loose stools. Physicochemical identification Take 2g of crude powder of each of the above herbs, add 20ml of methanol, cold soak overnight, filtered. The filtrate was extracted with petroleum ether for 3 times, and the methanol extract was concentrated to 4 ml for the following experiments: ① Put the extract on the filter paper, add 1% aluminum trichloride ethanol solution drop by drop, and observe it under the ultraviolet light, the spots deepen to dark yellow. Take 2 ml of the extract and add a few drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid and a small amount of magnesium powder, the solution is red. (Check flavonoids) ② extract drops on the filter paper, then add 0.1% bromophenol blue solution, immediately in the blue background yellow spots. (Check organic acids)