Water hyacinth, also known as water hyacinth and water hyacinth, is a floating plant native to South America. The fibrous roots are well developed, brown and black. The stems are very short and the stolons are light green. The leaves are round with dark green surface. Flower color is lavender. Water hyacinth likes to grow in shallow water, and can grow in water bodies with low flow speed, drifting with the water. Reproduces rapidly. Especially in polluted water, the water surface is covered over a large area, resulting in lack of oxygen and light in the water, leading to the death of aquatic animals and plants. Originated from Brazil. Widely distributed in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins of China and various provinces in South China. Harms of water hyacinth:
1. Block waterways, affect shipping and excretion, hinder drainage and irrigation, and become the number one enemy of agriculture, water conservancy, and environmental protection.
2. Destroy fisheries
Make the water in rivers and lakes eutrophic; due to the obstruction of water hyacinth, the flow of water bodies is restricted, and the water bodies lack sunlight and become smelly, making the water bodies smelly. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the river is reduced, and the space for underwater animals such as fish to move and breed will be reduced, and even a large number of fish will die, destroying the ecological environment of the river.
3. Pollution of water quality
If it is not salvaged in time, it will cause blockage, the water body will not flow freely, and it will rot and become smelly, polluting the water quality again; endangering the safe production and production of water plants. Suction of water hyacinth by the water pump will cause the filter to become clogged and the water plant to stop production.
4. Destroy the quality of fresh water
A large amount of water hyacinth covering the water surface will reduce the PH value of the water; increase the concentration of CO2; increase the olfactory concentration and color of the water; The acidity also increases, greatly reducing the use value of water resources until they are no longer drinkable, causing harm to urban and rural drinking water supplies.
5. Serious loss of water source
Covering the water surface with water hyacinth also increases the evaporation of water, which is 8-10 times higher than the evaporation of the open water surface, causing water source loss.
6. Causes bacterial nourishment
Provides a breeding ground for germs such as schistosomiasis, encephalitis and influenza, breeds mosquitoes and flies, and provides mosquito larvae with opportunities to breathe and reproduce.
7. Others
The economic losses caused to food transportation, aquaculture, tourism, etc. are even greater. How to prevent and control water hyacinth:
1. Physical control is divided into manual removal method and mechanical stirring method.
Manual removal method: Use manpower and material resources to directly pick up the water hyacinth and transport it to the land for removal. This is also the most commonly used method at the beginning of the period, and it works best for small water surfaces. If the water area is too large, the cost of manpower and material resources will be too high, and its use is not recommended.
Mechanical stirring method: In waters where water hyacinth is more harmful, relevant machinery can be used to stir it up and break it into pieces to expand the lighting area of ??the water body, increase the flow of the water body, and ensure the safety of breeding, fishing and shipping. Goes smoothly.
2. Chemical control
If it is on rice field ridges or vegetable stubble fields, use 20 {bf} per 667 square meters to make it 50 ml of emulsified oil, which can be mixed with water and sprayed. Use 20{bf} per 667 square meters to make it thicker, 25 ml of emulsion oil, 125 ml of 20{bf} sodium dimethyl tetrachloride salt water, and 7 grams of washing powder. Mix and spray to reduce costs and increase efficiency. The above chemicals can be used for directional spraying in orchards, dwarf ginkgo forests and lawns. If it is beside a river, pond or ditch, use 41{bf} Roundup 300-400 ml per 667 square meters, 30 grams of imazapyr, 60 grams of paraquat or 36{bf} glyceryl chlorine soluble powder 300 g, add 20 kilograms of water and spray a fine mist to make the liquid adhere to the stems and leaves of water peanuts. Strictly pay attention not to do it on drinking water surfaces, and pay attention to the safety of humans, animals, and fish.
3. Biological control
In late spring or early summer, when the minimum temperature rises steadily to above 13°C, 1,500-2,000 blue weevil adults will be released per 667 square meters. Certain prevention and control purposes can be achieved.
4. Prevent and control water pollution
Water body nutrition is the foundation for the continuous reproduction and growth of water hyacinth, and the flooding of water hyacinth must be prevented from the source. Due to the substantial improvement in people's living standards and the continuous expansion of the population, the discharge of domestic sewage and the content of organic matter have greatly increased, providing an important source of nutrients for the growth of water hyacinth. Therefore, it is necessary to control the discharge of domestic sewage and the orderly management of industrial and agricultural wastewater. Discharge, if it is really necessary to discharge, it must be treated with pollution-free water before being discharged.
In fact, if you want to effectively prevent the wild growth of water hyacinth, the key is to purify the water quality and eliminate the environment suitable for its growth; at the same time, water hyacinth also has certain water purification and water blocking functions. Water hyacinth can be used to make pig or fish feed. The general method is to crush and beat the water hyacinth, then add 2 {bf} of salt and mix well, then use it to feed pigs or fish, and can also be used to improve water quality. This can be considered turning waste into treasure. This concludes my explanation today.