1, potato
17th century ago, potato became an important food crop in Europe and was introduced to China. Xu Guangqi (1562- 1633) wrote a book called Potatoes. In the 28th volume of the Encyclopedia of Agricultural Administration, there is a passage: "Yu Tu, a potato, a yellow potato; The trailing leaves are like beans, the roots are round like eggs, and the inside is white and yellow ... It can be boiled or steamed. I also cooked taro juice and washed clothes, as white as jade. "
It can be seen that the introduction of potatoes was undoubtedly before 1633; More precisely, potatoes were introduced into China before 1628, which was widely known and planted, because 1628 was the approximate time for the publication of "The Complete Book of Agricultural Administration".
2. Corn
According to local chronicles and county records of various provinces, corn was first introduced to China in Guangxi at 153 1 year, less than 40 years after Columbus discovered America (1492). By the end of the Ming Dynasty (1643), it had spread to ten provinces including Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan. There are Zhejiang and Fujian provinces. Although it is not recorded in the local chronicles of the Ming Dynasty, there are other documents that prove that corn was planted in the Ming Dynasty.
During the fifty years of the early Qing Dynasty, until the end of the seventeenth century (that is, the thirty-ninth year of Kangxi), there were more records about corn in the local chronicles of Liaoning, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and other provinces than in the Ming Dynasty. After 170 1 year, there were more records of maize, and by 17 18, Taiwan Province Province and Guizhou Province were added. According to records, in less than 200 years from 153 1 to 17 18, corn has spread all over 20 provinces in China.
Extended data:
1, Chinese medicine believes that potatoes "are sweet and nontoxic, can strengthen the spleen and stomach, invigorate qi and regulate the middle warmer, relieve pain and relieve constipation, and have a remarkable curative effect on patients with spleen and stomach weakness, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal disharmony and abdominal pain in loose stool". Modern research has proved that potato has special effects on regulating dyspepsia, and it is a good medicine and high-quality health care product for patients with stomach diseases and heart diseases. Potatoes are rich in nutrition and are one of the anti-aging foods.
2. Corn has been introduced into China for more than 400 years. The maize planted in China is mainly to popularize imported varieties, and through the combination of natural selection and artificial selection, varieties suitable for China's environment can be obtained. Before 1950, only a small amount of cross breeding research was carried out in China, and it was not applied to production. In fact, the theoretical research on maize hybridization can increase yield began as early as the United States 1909.
References:
People's Network _ Potatoes will become the staple food, revealing the past lives of potatoes.
Baidu Encyclopedia _ Corn