Breeding method of andrographis paniculata 1. Seedling raising 1. Land selection and land preparation.
Choose sunny, fertile, flat and soft loam with convenient irrigation and drainage. Turn the ground 2? Make three high ridges with ridge width 1. 1? 1。 2 meters, the drainage ditch is 20 cm deep, and all fine manure is applied. Every 30 square meters of seedbed, 200 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 1 kg of seedbed soil are fully mixed with base fertilizer. Fine harrow and compact the seedbed, disinfect the seedbed and kill underground pests. Phoxim and Dixon were used to spray 65,438+000 grams of medicine per 65,438+000 kilograms of water to the seedbed.
2. sow.
It is advisable to sow in sunny days in early April. Sowing solution: in order to improve the germination rate of seeds, 40? Soak seeds in warm water at 45℃ 1? For 2 days, the seed coat was scraped off by dressing seeds with fine sand. Mix the settled seeds with plant ash or fine soil, spread them evenly on the seedbed (7 m2 sowing 1), and cover them with a layer of fine soil, which is suitable for just covering the seeds, but a small amount of seeds are still exposed. Then wet the soil with a sprayer, cover it with a plastic film to raise the soil temperature, and cover it with a layer of straw.
3. Seedbed management.
Keep the seedbed moist before emergence, so as not to make the topsoil monotonous and white. Usually uncover the film at 9: 00 in the morning and water it with a watering can, and spray it again at 3: 00 or 4: 00 in the afternoon when the weather is dry, keeping the relative humidity at 70? 80%。 After the seedlings come out together, the watering times can be reduced, and the humidity can be properly controlled to prevent the occurrence of damping-off disease. The seedbed temperature is 25℃. The appropriate temperature is 30℃, and the minimum temperature at night should be kept above 20℃. Usually cover the grass curtain to keep warm at dusk, and then open it the next day when the sun shines on the border. When the temperature is too high at noon, both sides of the plastic film should be uncovered for ventilation, and a small gap should be opened first, and then gradually increased. At the end of May and the beginning of June, when the temperature of seedbed is about 20℃, we should remove the plastic film to harden the seedlings, properly control the water, promote the good root system development, and adapt the seedling growth to the transplanting environment.
Cultivation method of andrographis paniculata. Transplantation. When the seedlings grow to 2 inches high, there are 3? Transplanting four real leaves, watering the day before transplanting, is convenient for raising seedlings with soil and has high survival rate. Line spacing is 0. 8? 1 foot, 5,000 mu? 8,000 strains. Andrographis paniculata's plea for soil is lax. Usually, land can be planted, but the place with flat terrain, leeward and sunny, soft soil and good irrigation and drainage conditions is better. It can be used for net planting, orchard intercropping and interplanting of various crops (to avoid solanaceae crops as previous crops and to avoid being infected with black stem disease). Pay attention to stretching the root system when planting, and water and moisturize it in time after planting.
Cultivation method III of andrographis paniculata. Site management. Fertilization is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer. After the slow seedling stage (usually 10 day), apply fertilizer once every half month. When the seedling height is 15 cm, the seed can be removed, which can promote the germination of lateral buds and improve the yield. The high temperature season in June, July and August is the vigorous growth period of Andrographis paniculata. At this time, we should weed, loosen soil, fertilize and irrigate in time. The height of andrographis paniculata is 30 cm. When 40 cm, the soil can be cultivated to strengthen plants to avoid wind damage.
Cultivation method of andrographis paniculata. Harvest. All aboveground parts of Andrographis paniculata are cut off before flowering and budding (the top is pointed), and transported to the courtyard dam in time to dry until the stems become brittle.
Cultivation methods of andrographis paniculata v. main pests and diseases and their control. ) major diseases. Rice sheath blight fungus, commonly known as? Rotten seedlings? Miao 1? It's easy to happen if it's true. Fusarium wilt is easy to occur at seedling stage. Black stem disease and epidemic disease, 7? In August, high temperature and rainy weather are easy to occur, and the prevention methods are: ventilation, humidity control, increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and spraying Bordeaux solution at the early stage of the disease.
2.) pests. There are mainly crickets and ground tigers. Control method: 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution or 75% phoxim 700 times solution.
The nutritional value of andrographis paniculata is to clear away heat and toxic materials, cool blood and reduce swelling. It can be used for treating acute bacillary dysentery, gastroenteritis, common cold, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, whooping cough, tuberculosis, lung abscess, cholecystitis, hypertension, nosebleed, swelling and pain of oropharynx, furuncle, fire and water scald, and snake bite.
Edible efficacy of andrographis paniculata: clearing away heat and toxic materials, cooling blood and reducing swelling.
The edible taboo of andrographis paniculata is 1, so it is not suitable to take it for a long time. Not suitable for people with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold.