This paper*** has 6 main questions and 31 sub questions. It is full of 100 marks. Exam time is 100 minutes. Open-book examination. I. Multiple-choice questions (this question ***15 small questions, each question 2 points, ***30 points) (Note: each question only 1 option meets the meaning of the question, please fill in the code of the selected answer in parentheses.) 1. When a slide with a letter "b" is placed under an ordinary light microscope, the image seen in the field of view is ( ). A.q B.b C.p D.d 2. The birth of Dolly the sheep clone shocked the world. The traits of Dolly's sheep are almost exactly the same as those of the nucleus-donor ewes, from which it can be inferred that the genetic information in the cells mainly exists in ( ). A. nucleus B. cell membrane C. cytoplasm D. mitochondria 3. Peach trees produce fruit after flowering and fertilization. May I ask: From which part of the peach tree's structure do the seeds in the fruit develop? ( ) A. stigma B. style C. anther D. ovule 4. Teenagers in the process of growing up, the face of learning, interpersonal and other issues often produce a lot of trouble, and learn to regulate their own emotions, to maintain a happy mood is particularly important. The following practices are more desirable ( ). A. Hiding your worries in your heart B. Talking to your relatives or friends C. Letting off steam without paying attention to the occasion D. Going to an Internet cafe to play games or chat 5. Yuan Longping is the leader of China's high-tech "863 Program" biotechnology, and was awarded the United Nations "Outstanding Inventor" Gold Medal. "He was awarded the United Nations Gold Medal for Outstanding Inventor. In which area of research has he made outstanding achievements? ( ) A. Space pepper B. Hybrid rice C. High-yield wheat D. Dwarf peas 6. The frog, a representative animal of the amphibian family, has a reproductive and developmental process that includes the following stages: ① the frog's egg mass; ② the male and female frogs hold each other in pairs; ③ the tadpoles; ④ the adult frogs; and ⑤ the male frogs' calls. Please point out the correct order. （A.⑤④②①③ B.②⑤①③④ C.⑤②①③④ D.②①⑤③④ 7. Geological research has shown that the obvious difference between the composition of the primitive atmosphere and that of the present atmosphere is that the primitive atmosphere did not contain ( ). A. Oxygen B. Hydrogen C. Water vapor D. Methane 8. In Dalian, Quercus serrata is one of the main economic organisms, while American white moth is a common pest that harms vegetation. A. complete metamorphosis development B. incomplete metamorphosis development C. direct development D. development without metamorphosis 9. When observing the same part of an onion epidermal cell mount with a microscope, which of the following combinations of eyepieces and objective lenses is chosen to maximize the volume of cells in the field of view? ( ) A. eyepiece 5 × objective 40 × B. eyepiece 10 × objective 40 × C. eyepiece 10 × objective 10 × D. eyepiece 16 × objective 10 × 10. Puberty is a critical period of human growth and development, and experts recommend that a glass of milk should be drunk every day. Do you know which of the following methods of preserving milk in bags is used? ( ) A. Masde sterilization B. Dehydration C. Pickling D. Vacuum packing 11. Xiaoming's parents are both habitually left-handed. This is because ( ). A. Ming's parents passed on the habitual left-handedness trait to him B. Ming and his parents spent a lot of time together C. Ming's parents passed on the gene controlling the habitual left-handedness trait to him D. Ming's parents passed on both the habitual left-handedness trait and the gene controlling the trait 12. When a fresh egg is cracked into a petri dish, the yolk is sometimes found to flow out because of ( ）. A. tie break B. eggshell rupture C. eggshell membrane rupture D. yolk membrane rupture 13. clinical treatment, in the burn patient skin grafting surgery, will be as far as possible to use the patient's own skin, which is mainly to avoid ( ). A. infection during transplantation B. massive blood loss during surgery C. immune system rejection of foreign organs D. phagocytosis of foreign organ cells 14. The following phenomena are heritable variations ( ). A. corn due to adequate water and fertilizer to grow spikes large grains B. a person with medication inadvertently caused hearing impairment C. identical twins of brothers with significant differences in body weight D. short-legged Ankang sheep in the general flock 15. Haining Middle School students to visit the flower room, found a rhododendron bloomed colorful flowers, we guessed that this is likely to be the horticulturist of the plant ( ). b. cuttings c. tissue culture d. pruning The theme of this year's Anti-Drug Day is "Stay Away from Drugs, Participate in the Fight Against Drugs". Drug use can damage a person's _______ system, reduce the body's immune function, and cause damage to the heart and lungs, respiratory paralysis, and in serious cases can lead to death. 17. At present, what are called "lifestyle diseases" or "diseases of modern civilization" include _______, cerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumors and so on. The unhealthy lifestyles that can accelerate the occurrence and development of these diseases include: high-fat diet, _______ and so on. 18. It is said that the history of the earth is recorded in its crust. This statement implies that the most direct and reliable evidence obtained by biologists studying the origin of life and biological evolution is _______. 19. In an accident, a person accidentally injured his upper limb, and the blood flowed and was bright red in color. According to this phenomenon can be inferred to be _______ vascular bleeding, should be taken first aid method is to call the _______ emergency telephone, at the same time to take acupressure hemostasis or _______ hemostasis. 20. By the end of 2003, China's Ministry of Health announced that the number of HIV-infected people in the country is about 1 million. Studies have shown that AIDS patients are mainly due to the fact that the _______ function of the human body has been seriously damaged so that it cannot maintain a minimum resistance to the disease. The disease is mainly spread through the _______ route. 21. The Shanghai Institute of Genetics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with Fudan University, has bred five sheep containing a certain gene in the human body, and the milk of these sheep contains valuable drugs that can cure hemophilia. This achievement was made possible by the use of _______ biotechnology, which is a common concern around the world today. 三、匹配题（本题***2小题，***10分） 22. (5 points) Please connect the life phenomena on the right with the related types of behaviors in a straight line Bees gather honey Congenital behavior Earthworms walk mazes Parrots ask for good luck Learning behavior Talking about tigers Babies suck 23. (5 points) Please connect the physiological phenomena on the right with the related types of immunity in a straight line Injection of anti-rabies drug after being bitten by a dog Specific Immunity cilia on the respiratory mucosa have a scavenging effect vaccination against B brain non-specific immunity white blood cells can phagocytosis of germs people who have had chickenpox no longer suffer from chickenpox IV, knowledge of the map as a question (this question is 3 sub-questions, ***21 points) 24. (6 points) Figure 1, Figure 2 is a model of the structure of the cell, please look at the map and answer: (1) Figure 1 is a model of __________ cells; Figure 2 is a model of __________ cells. __________ cell pattern diagram. (2) In the diagram, [2] and [7] are cell membranes; [6] and [ ] are cytoplasm; [8] and [ ] are nuclei. (3) In the diagram, [3] is the main function of __________. Figure 1 Figure 2 25. (10 points) Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of chromosome changes in the reproductive process of organisms. Look at the diagram carefully and answer: (1) Draw the chromosomes and genes of the spermatozoon, egg cell and fertilized egg in Figure 3. (2) If Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of chromosome changes in the process of human reproduction, and the pair of chromosomes shown in the diagram are sex chromosomes, then the paternal somatic cell with a neutral chromosome composition of XY produces two types of spermatozoa containing __________ and __________ sex chromosomes, respectively; the maternal somatic cell with a neutral chromosome composition of __________ produces an egg cell containing only __________ sex chromosomes. At fertilization, the union of sperm and egg cell is random, and it is evident that the sex of the offspring is determined by the type of sperm produced by the father. (3) It is known that the gene controlling double eyelids in humans is the dominant gene A and the gene controlling single eyelids is the recessive gene a. If both parents have double eyelids, they give birth to a child with single eyelids. Infer their genetic make-up: father __________, mother __________, child __________. Fig. 3 Fig. 4 26. (5 points) Fig. 4 is a picture of several kinds of wild animals and plants. Please look at the picture carefully and answer: (1) __________ is a precious and rare animal in China; Fig. 4 __________ is a precious and rare plant in China. (2) The green sea turtle lives in the waters from the Yellow Sea to the South China Sea in China and flourishes in the Xisha Islands from April to October every year. It belongs to the __________ class of animals. A. fish B. amphibians C. reptiles D. mammals (3) In recent years, due to the interference of man-made activities, biodiversity is under threat, and the protection of biodiversity is becoming more and more popular. Please briefly explain the significance of protecting biodiversity. (Answer at least 2.) 五、分析说明题（本题***4小题，***20分） 27. (5 points) How exactly did all kinds of creatures evolve from the first primitive life on earth? Scientists have carried out a long exploration. Fig. 5 At present, many new evidences about biological evolution have been found, which will enrich and deepen people's understanding of biological evolution. (1) Through your study, do you think the diagram in Fig. 5 is a better visual representation of the general course of biological evolution. (2) Various explanations have been put forward about the causes of biological evolution, among which the one that is generally accepted is the doctrine put forward by a British naturalist in the 19th century. Please give a brief answer to the main content of this doctrine. 28. (6 marks) Figure 6 shows part of the instruction manual of two drugs, please read and answer. Fig. 6 (1) The above drug belongs to Chinese medicine __________; the one belongs to Western medicine __________. (2) From the instructions for the drugs: which one is an over-the-counter drug? How do you tell? (3) Xiaohong's grandfather suffers from high blood pressure and has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a long time; he has recently been unwell with symptoms of cold and fever. Can Xiao Hong's grandfather choose to take A by himself? Why? 29. (6 points) Viral hepatitis A (Hepatitis A) is an infectious disease of the digestive tract caused by the Hepatitis A virus. 1988 saw a major outbreak of Hepatitis A in Shanghai, and it was later found that the cause of the outbreak was the consumption of arkshells contaminated with the Hepatitis A virus by some people. However, there are many people who were infected with this disease without consuming arkshells. Please analyze the situation and answer the following questions. (1) Hepatitis A virus belongs to __________ among the infectious diseases of "Hepatitis A", and the people who suffer from "Hepatitis A" belong to __________. A. Source of infection B. Pathogen C. Transmission route D. Susceptible people (2) What is the most likely route through which the patients who did not consume arkshells were infected with the disease? (3) After the outbreak, the authorities took a series of emergency measures to prevent the spread of the disease. Write down which aspect of the following practices belongs to the preventive measures against infectious diseases. ① Sending patients to infectious disease hospitals quickly for treatment: ② Vaccinating uninfected citizens: ③ Seizing restaurants and canteens that do not meet hygiene standards:

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