The autumnal equinox, the sixteenth solar term in the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar, usually lasts from September 22nd to September 24th every year.

The autumnal equinox means "half" China's ancient book "Spring and Autumn Dew, Yin and Yang in and out" said: "The autumn equinox is half cloudy, so it is cold and hot." "Equinox" has two meanings:

First, on this day, the sun reaches 180 degrees, and directly hits the equator of the earth, so a day is divided into 24 hours, each 12 hours; There is no extreme day and night phenomenon in the world. After the autumnal equinox, the polar night range near the North Pole and the polar sun range near the South Pole gradually expanded.

Secondly, according to the method of seasonal division in ancient China, which took beginning of spring, Changxia, beginning of autumn and beginning of winter as four seasons, the autumnal equinox lived in autumn for 90 days and divided the autumn equally.

In ancient China, the autumnal equinox was divided into three periods: "When thunder comes, the sound will stop;" Second, wait for scorpion blank households; Wait for the water to dry. "The ancients thought it thundered because the sun be the spirit is strong, and the yin began to fill after the autumnal equinox, so it didn't thunder.

Calculation of autumnal equinox date [Y*D+C]-L

Interpretation of the formula: Y= the last two digits of years, D=0.2422, L= leap years, 2 1 century C=23.042, and 20th century =23.822.

For example, the date of the autumnal equinox in 2088 = [8× 0.2422+23.042]-[88/4] = 44-22 = 22, and September 22nd is the autumnal equinox.

Exception: 1942 plus 1 day.

Climatic characteristics

According to meteorologists, according to the lunar calendar, "beginning of autumn" is the beginning of autumn, and "first frost" is the end of autumn. The "vernal equinox" is exactly half of the 90 days from beginning of autumn to the first frost. From the day of the autumnal equinox, the climate has three main characteristics: the position of direct sunlight continues to move from the equator to the southern hemisphere, and the phenomenon of short days and long nights in the northern hemisphere will become more and more obvious. The days will gradually shorten and the nights will gradually lengthen (until the winter solstice reaches the longest night and the shortest day); The temperature difference between day and night will gradually increase, and the amplitude will be higher than 10℃. The temperature drops day by day, getting colder every day, and gradually entering the late autumn season. The situation in the southern hemisphere is just the opposite.

At the autumnal equinox, the Yangtze River basin and its vast northern area have entered autumn, and the daily average temperature has dropped below 22℃. The cold air mass in the north began to have some influence. In most areas, the rainy season has just ended, with a cool breeze blowing gently, the sky is high and the clouds are light in Wan Liqing, the air is crisp in autumn, the sweet-scented osmanthus is fragrant, the crab is fat and the chrysanthemum is yellow, and the autumn equinox is a beautiful and pleasant season. It is also an important solar term in agricultural production. After the autumnal equinox, the direct sunlight moved to the southern hemisphere, and the northern hemisphere got less and less solar radiation, while the ground lost more heat and the temperature dropped significantly. Agricultural proverbs say: "An autumn rain is a cold", "The white dew is divided into autumn nights, and one night is cold". "In August, the wild goose gate opens, and the foot of the wild goose is frosty." It is not surprising that the temperature in Northeast China drops early and frost appears at the autumnal equinox.

The rapid cooling in autumn makes the autumn harvest, autumn ploughing and autumn planting "Sanqiu" particularly nervous. The autumnal equinox is a good time to harvest cotton and tobacco leaves from green to yellow. Winter wheat has been planted in North China, and the Yangtze River basin and vast areas in the south are busy harvesting late rice and ploughing the land to prepare for rape sowing. Drought and lack of rainfall or continuous rainfall in autumn equinox are the main unfavorable factors affecting the normal operation of Sanqiu, especially the continuous rainfall will make the upcoming crops lodging, mildewing or sprouting, resulting in serious losses. "Sanqiu" is a great help, and the word "early" is the key. Timely harvest of crops in autumn can avoid the harm of first frost and continuous rain, and timely sowing of crops in winter can make full use of heat resources before winter, cultivate strong seedlings to survive the winter safely, and lay the foundation for high yield in the coming year. The autumnal equinox doesn't appear, so cut it and feed it to the old cow. Heading and flowering of double-cropping late rice in South China is the key period for yield formation. The "autumnal equinox" weather formed in advance in low temperature and rainy weather is the main threat to the flowering and fruiting of double-cropping late rice, so we must do a good job in forecasting and defense.

Health care of autumn equinox and solar terms

The climate in the south began to decline from this solar term. In autumn, the sun's yang in nature turns to convergence and seclusion, and the daily routine should be adjusted accordingly. "On Su Wen's Four Spirits" says: "In autumn and March, stay up early and get up early, and have fun with chickens." Lie down early and conform to * * * to keep "closed" gas; Get up early to adapt to the relaxation of yang, so that lung qi can be stretched. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the physiological activities of human body should adapt to the changes of yin and yang in nature. Therefore, in autumn, we should pay special attention to the maintenance of the inner Yin Qi. Life, diet, spirit and sports are inseparable from the principle of "nurturing".

In terms of mental health, we should see that the climate in autumn is getting drier and drier, the sunshine is decreasing, and the temperature is dropping, which makes people feel a little depressed, so there is a saying that "autumn wind and autumn rain are depressing". So at this time, people should keep a calm mind, slow down the influence of cold air in autumn on human body, and converge to adapt to the calm air in autumn. At the same time, we should also see the positive side mentally and emotionally, that is, in the autumn, the sky is crisp, which is a good time to carry out various physical exercises, such as mountaineering, jogging, walking, playing ball, swimming, taking a cold bath, etc. Or practice Wuqinxi, Tai Ji Chuan, Baduanjin and aerobics. While doing "dynamic exercise", you can cooperate with "static exercise", such as six-character formula, meditation, breathing exercise, internal strength and intentional exercise. The combination of static and dynamic exercises can strengthen the body and keep healthy, thus achieving the effect of physical and mental health.

Autumn is the frequent season of intestinal infectious diseases, malaria and epidemic encephalitis B, and it often causes many old diseases, such as stomach diseases, chronic bronchitis and asthma. Middle-aged and elderly people with high blood pressure, coronary heart disease and diabetes will be more dangerous if they are negligent in prevention.

In terms of diet, because autumn belongs to lung gold, sour taste converges and tonifies lung, pungent taste diverges and purges lung, so autumn should be harvested rather than scattered. Try to eat less irritating foods such as onions and ginger, and eat more sour and sweet fruits and vegetables. At the same time, autumn dryness is easy to hurt body fluids, causing dry symptoms such as throat, nose and lips, dry cough, hoarseness, chapped skin and dry stool. Products with sweet, cold and moist taste should be selected, such as lily, tremella, yam, autumn pear, lotus root, persimmon, sesame and duck. Runfei Shengjin, nourishing yin and clearing dryness. Guangdong folk has always been the most nourishing soup in autumn. At this time, it is of great use. For example, the soup of green radish and Chen Pi duck, the soup of Polygonatum odoratum and Lily lean meat, the soup of papaya, millet and peanut sashimi, the soup of Shatian pomelo and pig liver, the soup of fig and white crucian carp, and the soup of Bawang Jujube and Pig Moon Exhibition are all family health care products.

farm work

The white dew is early, the cold dew is late, and the autumnal equinox is the time to plant wheat.

Planting wheat at the right time and harvesting it every year will make mistakes too early or too late.

Planting mud first and then sand, seven days is just right.

Late autumn crops should continue to be managed and harvested when they are ripe.

Spray cotton in the middle and pick it once every four to six days.

The quality of medium-sprayed cotton is good, and the single species is kept in time.

Spinach and onion should be planted, and cabbage should be watered and fertilized.

In winter, we build greenhouses and plant cucumbers and tomatoes.

Continue to engage in silage straw, and the livestock feeder will not be lost.

The bait can't be reduced, and the lotus root is harvested and listed.

A farmer's proverb/proverb

The autumnal equinox is divided equally between day and night.

In February and August, day and night are even.

It rains on August 15, and snows on August 1 month 15.

August 15th, Yun Zheyue, the 15th day of the first month.

Summer is busy for half a month and autumn is busy for forty days.

Autumn is busy and autumn is busy, and the embroidered mother wants to go out of the boudoir.

The white dew is early, the cold dew is late, and the autumnal equinox is the time to plant wheat.

See the wheat seedlings at the autumnal equinox, and the cold dew wheat needles fall.

Don't rush it, don't be too late, it's just right to plant wheat in the autumn equinox.

In the autumn equinox, the wheat grains are round, and the cold dew wheat grains are a ditch.

Plant wheat at the right time and harvest it every year, but it's too late to touch the New Year.

Early grain and late wheat, nine disasters in ten years.

Wheat is sown early and harvested in nine years.

Early millet and late wheat don't go home, so we should pay close attention to the word "early" when planting wheat.

Wheat is born in August, but not in September.

Sow early, sow late and increase production with old experience. Look at the earth and the sky, and check the word "timely".

Less fertilizer and less dry land, suitable for early protection; If it is fat enough, it can be irrigated and sown later as appropriate.

The temperature is too early, the seedlings are too fast, and it is difficult for heavy pests to bite the seedlings; It's hard to leave enough ears before it's too late, and it's hard to produce high yield even with good management.

Ten days before the autumnal equinox is not early, and ten days after the autumnal equinox is not late.

Silty soil is not earlier than 10 day before the autumnal equinox, and sandy soil is not later than 10 day after the autumnal equinox.

The autumn equinox planted mountains, the cold dew planted Pingchuan, and the first frost planted floodplains.

Mud breeds autumnal equinox and sand breeds cold.

Planting high-quality wheat in silt will make the beans grow stronger next year.

When the autumnal equinox comes to the cold dew, planting wheat will not be delayed.

The white dew is divided into autumn vegetables and the cold dew is divided into autumn wheat.

Plant high mountains before and plain rivers after.

Wheat is planted on sunny slopes and millet is planted on shady slopes.

Ephedra seed wheat, wheat yellow seed hemp.

Plant wheat and mud, and eat white buns next year.

Plant mashed wheat and eat steamed bread next year.

Eat noodles and mix them in the mud.

If you want to eat steamed bread, you will drag your feet.

If you plant mud, you will not plant water, and if you plant water, you will not return.

It is better to plough than to clear stubble.

As you sow, you reap.

There were eight, ten and three rains during the wheat harvest.

Rain in August is good for farming, 10 is good for wheat, and it will rain in March next year, so there are enough grains in the ear to ensure high yield.

If you plant wheat on the stubble, you won't be able to eat steamed bread.

The seeds of wheat are deep, the seeds of grain are shallow, and buckwheat and sesame cover half of the face.

The valley is shallow and the wheat is deep, as long as sesame hides itself.

Two fingers are shallow, four fingers are boring, so be careful when planting wheat.

Two fingers shallow, four fingers deep and three fingers accurate.

Second, don't ask anyone.

Shallow two or three centimeters, deep six or seven centimeters, accurate four or five centimeters.

When wheat seeds are dried and cultivated, they will grow sturdily.

Yang Yang, it is better to get rid of the seeds.

Wheat seeds can be removed by bleaching with water.

Seed dressing with chemicals to control pests and diseases.

Germination test should be done early, and the number of seeds can be referenced.

Wheat precision seeder can adjust the depth and width, sow well, store fine seeds, and the seedlings come out strong and tidy.

Thin beans and thick wheat will not go bad.

Thin wheat and thick beans have no origin.

Thin wheat is empty-handed, and thick wheat is harvested.

Early wheat should be thin and late wheat should be dense.

Seven nights in the wheat field and eight nights in the valley, and twelve nights in the valley.

Wheat produces seven, beans (spring) produces five, and sorghum is unearthed in ten days.

Three beans (summer) and six wheat vegetables (autumn vegetables) for one night.

Wheat does not germinate, so it is hard.

See yellow rice at the autumnal equinox, beware of strong winds.

Late rice stems are loose and can't stand a gust of wind.

Rice is yellow in January and wheat is yellow all night.

Harvest spring beans in the autumn equinox.

The beans are harvested and the wheat is harvested.

Buckwheat will return to China in four days and seventy-two days.

Green 18, red 18, white 18, black 18, and take it home in 72 days.

Peanuts are harvested at the autumnal equinox, and the leaves are gone when they are late.

The cotton in the autumn equinox is white.

You don't have to "spray" (pick the first flower) on the autumnal equinox, so you just mess around.

Spray flowers then, don't delay.

Spray cotton seeds in the middle.

Spray flowers in the middle, catch a lot, and it is best to keep seeds.

If you want to grow good cotton, you should choose flowers in the field.

If you don't choose to plant cotton seeds, you must reduce the yield.

One is quality, and the other is quantity. Don't be fooled by seed selection in the field.

Cotton seeds should be stored separately, and single storage should not be mixed.

One year pure, two years mixed, three years degenerate.

One year is pure, two years are miscellaneous, and three years and four years are nothing.

Pick the cotton well and don't run all over the floor.

Pick more cotton, one by one.

Sew a small pocket on the big pocket to separate the good cotton from the bad cotton.

Pick it up when you come back.

If you want cotton to fetch a good price, don't pick flowers.

Cut beans early, pick flowers at noon, spread cloth and cut sesame seeds.

Stiff skin flap and eyelashes are all removed with high efficiency.

Picking flowers frequently leaves no sheep's tail.

Fine harvest, floc return to warehouse.

Endless cotton, endless sesame seeds.

The weather will change, don't pick flowers slowly.

If cotton is not put into the pile, the harvest is not dare to say.

A year's hard work looks forward to an autumn, and cotton is harvested first.

Look at the years in the field and the harvest in the cotton pile.

If you throw it in the ground, you will get nothing.

If you don't accept it, you will lose.

I'm not afraid of nothing, I'm afraid of losing my people.

Sunbathing flowers on the expressway is the most inappropriate, which hinders traffic from catching fire.

The bell rang and the sweet potato and radish grew.

On the autumnal equinox, beggars in beginning of winter will eat spinach in Qingming next year.

In the autumnal equinox, spring onions are planted and fertilized at the beginning of winter.

Ginger is old and spicy, and sugar cane is old and sweet.

Ginger gets hotter as it gets older, and lotus root gets pink as it gets older.

Onion is spicy, garlic is spicy and mustard is spicy.

Onion spicy nose, garlic spicy heart, Chili spicy lips.

Dry weather makes melons sweet and dates round.

Waterlogged chestnuts and dried dates are applauded.

Dried dates, waterlogged chestnuts, no drought and no waterlogging to harvest persimmons.

Pears are being unloaded during the Mid-Autumn Festival in August.

When the pears are unloaded, the persimmons turn red.

Apple chestnuts are the best fruits, and dates and plums are more valuable.

Animals are busy in the autumn equinox. They are plowing and raking grass.

Obesity, strong body, plowing, harrowing and hauling.

Hungry is boring, full is boring, and hungry is not boring.

It's better to take ten steps than take one step to catch my breath.

A horse can pull but not a nest, and a mule can pull and sit.

Mules are afraid of sinking forward, while cows are afraid of sinking back.

Pull the cow, hang the horse and push the mule

Loosen first and then tighten, which is more stable.

It's convenient for people, but the cow shoulders down.

No saddle in winter, no title in summer.

From the autumnal equinox to the temperature drop, the bait in the fish pond should be reduced, and all kinds of grass should be fed, and the new and old greens should be evenly distributed.

Fertilize more to cultivate water quality, one fertilizer, two activities and three cooling, careless prevention and control of fish diseases, and comprehensive prevention and control of high yield.

Health recipes for autumnal equinox solar terms

Braised river crab in sauce

[Ingredients] 500 grams of river crab (sea crab can also be used), ginger, onion, vinegar, soy sauce, sugar, dry flour, monosodium glutamate, yellow wine, starch and edible oil.

[Practice] Clean the crab, cut off the sharp claws, cut the crab belly in half in the middle, dig out the crab cheeks, and dry the flour on the cut part of the crab belly. Heat the pot, put it in the oil pan until it is half cooked, put the crab (flour side down) in the pot and fry it until it turns yellow, so that the crab is heated evenly on all sides. When the crab shell turns red, add minced onion and ginger, yellow wine, vinegar, soy sauce, white sugar and water, cook for about eight minutes until the crab meat is completely cooked, then collect the thick soup, add monosodium glutamate, and then use water.

【 Efficacy 】 Nourishing yin and filling marrow, clearing away heat and removing blood stasis.

Braised bamboo shoots with dried seaweed

[Ingredients] 400 grams of bamboo shoots, 25 grams of dried seaweed, cooking wine, salt, monosodium glutamate, broth and vegetable oil.

[Practice] Wash the bamboo shoots, pat them loosely with the back of a knife, cut them into 4 cm long sections, cut them into paper strips, blanch them in a boiling water pot to remove the astringency, and remove the cold water. Heat the oil to 40% heat, stir-fry the bamboo shoots, and drain the oil. Leave a small amount of base oil in the pot, cook bamboo shoots, broth and salt slightly, and then take out the pot; Then put the oil in the wok, heat it to 50%, cook the rice with cooking wine, add a little monosodium glutamate, pour the bamboo shoots into the wok, stir well and serve.

【 Efficacy 】 Clearing away heat and resolving phlegm, expelling wind and supporting toxin.

Sugarcane porridge

[Ingredients] 800 ml of sugarcane juice and 200 g of sorghum rice.

【 Practice 】 Wash sugarcane and juice, wash sorghum rice, put sugarcane juice and sorghum rice into a pot, add appropriate amount of water and cook it into porridge.

【 Efficacy 】 Strengthening the spleen and promoting digestion, clearing heat and promoting fluid production.