[Edit this paragraph] Oranges-Introduction

Oranges belong to the evergreen tree of Rutaceae Citrus. Is the most representative citrus fruit tree. Including two basic varieties: sweet orange and sour orange. The branches are prickly. The leaves are long and oval, the petiole is long and the wings are developed. Flowers solitary, clustered or racemose, white, reflexed. Seeds oblong or ovoid with ribbed surface.

Oranges are also called yellow fruits. Originated in southern China, it is distributed in southern provinces and cultivated in Sichuan, Guangdong, Taiwan Province and other provinces. 65438+ was introduced to Europe from China at the beginning of the 5th century and to America at the end of the 5th century.

The fruit is round to rectangular, orange-yellow, with raised oil cells and the peel is not easy to peel off. No bitterness. The central column is full; The juice tastes sweet and fragrant. It contains a lot of sugar, a certain amount of citric acid and rich vitamin C, and has high nutritional value. Fruit also contains vitamin P, which has high medicinal value.

In China, young fruits and fallen fruits can be dried and used as medicine. Storage and transportation resistance. The maturity varies greatly, which can prolong the supply period of fresh fruit and processing raw materials. Sweet orange varieties can be divided into early, middle and late maturity according to fruit maturity.

According to the shape and characteristics of fruit, it can be divided into the following four varieties: ① Common sweet orange. The fruit is generally round and orange, with no navel at the top and no ring marks in the middle. This is the most abundant kind of sweet orange. 2 sugar orange. Also known as acid-free sweet orange, the fruit shape is similar to that of ordinary sweet orange. Because the acid content is extremely low, the fruit juice can be harvested and marketed when it reaches an appropriate level, and it is a very early-maturing sweet orange variety. In the Mediterranean coast and Brazil and other places have a small amount of production, supply the local market. 3 blood orange. Both pulp and juice are purplish red or dark red. The pulp is tender and juicy with unique flavor, and the Mediterranean region is its origin and main producing area. 4 navel orange. It is characterized by a navel at the top of the fruit, that is, an underdeveloped small fruit is embedded at the top of the fruit. Seedless, crisp and tender, sweet and slightly sour.

There are many varieties of oranges cultivated in China, mainly including sweet orange, snow orange, red orange (improved orange), golden orange (goose egg orange), leaf orange, sugar orange, navel orange and summer orange.

Introduction of raw materials

Oranges Oranges are the fruits of rutaceae limes. Produced in China, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan and other places. Harvest the fruits from June 5th to1October every year when they are ripe. Peel and take the pulp bag for use.

Oranges are bright in color, sweet and sour, and clean and beautiful in appearance. They are deeply loved by people and are also one of the gift fruits for visiting relatives and friends and visiting patients. There are many kinds of it, and the most popular ones are navel orange, sugar orange, blood orange and American Sunkist orange. Oranges are called "good fruits for treating diseases" and are rich in vitamin C, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), beta-carotene, citric acid, hesperidin, aldehydes, alcohols and olefins.

manufacture order

Take 1 orange, wash, peel, slice, remove the core of orange and apply it to the face, once a day for 20 minutes, which can remove facial pigment and treat chloasma.

food therapy

Oranges are cool, sweet and sour;

Has the effects of promoting fluid production, quenching thirst, stimulating appetite and regulating qi.

Indications: loss of appetite, abdominal distension and pain, abdominal thunder, loose stool or diarrhea.

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1. Orange shopping skills: First of all, oranges are not as smooth as possible. Imported oranges are often rough and rough, while the oranges after "beauty" are very smooth and have almost no holes; Secondly, you can use a white napkin, preferably a wet tissue, to wipe the surface of the fruit before buying. If you paint it, you will usually leave color on the napkin;

Don't soak the orange peel in water, because there are usually preservatives on the orange peel, so it is difficult to wash it with water.

[Edit this paragraph] Oranges-Nutritional value

Orange, also known as "yellow fruit" and "golden ring", is the fruit of Rutaceae plant lime, which originated in southeast China and is one of the four famous fruits in the world. Oranges are divided into sweet oranges and lime oranges, also called jar oranges. They are sour and bitter, so they are not suitable for eating. Most of them are used to make juice and are rarely eaten fresh. Fresh food is mainly sweet oranges. orange

There are many varieties of sweet oranges in China. The fruit of sweet orange is spherical, slightly flat up and down, and the surface is smooth. It is green before ripening and turns into yellow flesh after ripening, with moderate sweetness and sourness, rich juice and strong aroma. It is one of the fruits that people like to eat.

The edible part of sweet orange is 74%, and the calories per 100g of sweet orange meat are 197 kj, water 87.4g, protein 0.8g, fat 0.2g, dietary fiber 0.6g, carbohydrate 10.5g, ash 0.5g and carotene 160g. Ascorbic acid 33 mg, vitamin E 0.56 mg, potassium 159 mg, sodium 1.2 mg, calcium 20 mg, magnesium 14 mg, iron 0.4 mg, manganese 0.05 mg, zinc 0. 14 mg and copper 0.03 mg. Pericarp contains volatile oil, and there are more than 70 kinds of active substances, mainly n-decanal, citral, limonene and octanol.

Oranges taste sweet, sour and cold. It has the effects of promoting fluid production, quenching thirst, stimulating appetite and relieving qi. Normal people eat oranges or drink orange juice after meals, which has the functions of relieving greasy food, resolving food stagnation, quenching thirst and sobering up. Oranges are extremely nutritious and comprehensive, suitable for all ages.

Oranges are rich in vitamins C and P, which can increase human resistance, increase capillary elasticity and lower blood cholesterol. People with hyperlipidemia, hypertension and arteriosclerosis often eat oranges. Oranges contain cellulose and pectin, which can promote intestinal peristalsis, help clear the intestines and eliminate harmful substances in the body. Orange peel tastes bitter and warm, and the effect of relieving cough and resolving phlegm is better than that of tangerine peel. It is a good medicine for treating cold, cough, loss of appetite and chest and abdominal pain. Oranges are almost synonymous with vitamin C.

In fact, it is rich in vitamin C, which can enhance the body's resistance and discharge fat-soluble harmful substances. It is a veritable anti-oxidant of Baoankang. Orange peel, also known as yellow peel, contains a lot of carotene in addition to the ingredients in the pulp, which can be used as a flavoring agent for strengthening the stomach and aroma. Orange peel also contains a certain amount of orange peel oil, which is effective for chronic bronchitis.

Nutritional value analysis

Oranges are bright in color, sweet and sour, and clean and beautiful in appearance. They are deeply loved by people and are also one of the gift fruits for visiting friends and patients. There are many kinds of it, and the most popular ones are navel orange, sugar orange, blood orange and American Sunkist orange. Oranges are called "good fruits for curing diseases" and are rich in vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, beta-carotene, citric acid, hesperidin, aldehydes, alcohols, olefins and other substances.

efficacy

An American research institute said that drinking three glasses of orange juice a day can increase the content of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the body, thus reducing the possibility of heart disease. Orange juice contains a specific chemical component, namely flavonoids and limonin, which can promote the increase of HDL and transport "bad" low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to the outside world.

A recent study on 13 1300 men and women showed that women with insufficient vitamin c intake may be prone to gallbladder diseases. Although the mechanism is not clear, eating oranges regularly is indeed effective in preventing gallbladder diseases.

After studying the smell of oranges, several Australian scientists found that the smell of oranges is beneficial to relieve people's psychological pressure in batches, but it only helps women overcome their nervousness and has little effect on men.

Eating oranges or drinking orange juice during medication can increase the body's absorption of drugs, thus making the curative effect more obvious.

Applicable people

The general population can eat it.

1. People with chest tightness, nausea and vomiting, especially those who drink too much hangover;

2. Diabetic patients should not eat.

Applicable amount

Just one a day, no more than five.

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Oranges should not be eaten with betel nuts.

≮ Special tips ≯

It should not be eaten before meals or on an empty stomach, otherwise the organic acids contained in oranges will stimulate the gastric mucosa and be harmful to the stomach.

Don't drink milk within 1 hour before and after eating oranges, because protein in milk will solidify when it meets fruit acid, which will affect digestion and absorption.

Oranges are delicious, but don't eat too much. Brush your teeth and rinse your mouth in time after eating oranges to avoid harm to your mouth and teeth.

Don't soak the orange peel in water, because there are usually preservatives on the orange peel, which is difficult to wash off with water.

≮ Health traffic lights ≯

Excessive consumption of citrus fruits such as oranges can cause poisoning, and the hands, feet and even the whole body skin will turn yellow. In severe cases, there will be symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, irritability and listlessness, which is often called "orange disease" and medically called "carotene anemia". Generally, you don't need treatment, as long as you stop eating this kind of food, you can get better.

[Edit this paragraph] Oranges-Health care efficacy

1) Regular consumption can prevent cancer: a medium-sized orange can provide people with vitamin C for one day and improve their ability to resist bacterial invasion. Oranges can scavenge free radicals harmful to health and inhibit the growth of tumor cells. Among all fruits, citrus contains the highest antioxidant substances, including more than 60 flavonoids and 17 carotenoids. Flavonoids have anti-inflammatory, blood vessel strengthening and blood coagulation inhibiting effects. Carotenoids have a strong antioxidant effect. These ingredients make oranges inhibit the occurrence of various cancers. orange

(2) Eat more oranges and get fewer gallstones: oranges are rich in vitamin C and have always been a favorite fruit of many people. But for women, eating more oranges has an unexpected benefit, which is to reduce the incidence of gallstones.

A survey in the United States shows that two-thirds of the patients with cholecystitis in the United States190,000 are women. Women are prone to gallstones, because estrogen can make cholesterol accumulate more in bile, leading to high cholesterol concentration and stones. Oranges will play an obvious role in reducing the occurrence of gallstones.

Because vitamin C in oranges can inhibit the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids in the liver, so that the concentration of cholesterol in bile is reduced, and the chance of their aggregation to form gallstones is correspondingly reduced. In addition, pectin contained in orange peel can also promote food to pass through gastrointestinal tract, so that cholesterol can be excreted with feces more quickly, thus reducing the absorption of cholesterol. People with gallstones can have a good therapeutic effect besides eating oranges and soaking in water.

This is because estrogen can make cholesterol accumulate more in bile, which leads to the increase of cholesterol concentration and the formation of stones.

Oranges will play an obvious role in reducing the occurrence of gallstones. Because vitamin C in oranges can inhibit the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids in the liver, so that the concentration of cholesterol in bile is reduced, and the chance of their aggregation to form gallstones is correspondingly reduced.

In addition, pectin contained in orange peel can also promote food to pass through gastrointestinal tract, so that cholesterol can be excreted with feces more quickly, thus reducing the absorption of cholesterol. People with gallstones can have a good therapeutic effect besides eating oranges and soaking in water.

(3) Oranges, also known as "yellow fruits" and "golden rings", can be divided into sour and sweet. After a full meal, drinking a glass of lime juice can relieve greasy food, eliminate food accumulation and have a wonderful effect of quenching thirst and sobering up. Its pulp is moderately sweet and sour, and its aroma is rich.

Oranges contain vitamins A, B, C, D, citric acid, malic acid and pectin, and vitamins P and C can enhance the toughness of capillaries. Pectin can help lipid and cholesterol excrete as soon as possible and reduce the absorption of exogenous cholesterol, so it has the function of lowering blood lipid.

Oranges are sour and cool, and have the medicinal effects of promoting qi circulation and resolving phlegm, invigorating spleen and warming stomach, helping digestion and stimulating appetite. In developed countries, the pursuit of natural food, without adding any water, pay attention to the original flavor, and often make oranges into juice, which is an essential first-class drink for every meal. Orange peel, also known as yellow peel, contains a lot of carotene in addition to the ingredients in the pulp, which can be used as a flavoring agent for strengthening the stomach and aroma. Orange peel also contains a certain amount of orange peel oil, which is effective for chronic bronchitis.

(4) pay attention. It is recommended not to eat too much at a time, but to eat often. Chinese medicine believes that some people are not suitable for eating oranges. Such as dry mouth and throat.

[Edit this paragraph] Oranges-Other miracle effects of health care

orange juice

orange

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1. Salted orange juice-supplement physical strength

Drinking orange juice after exercise, rich in fructose can quickly replenish physical strength, and up to 85% water can quench thirst and refresh. Especially remind orange juice to drink immediately after squeezing, otherwise the oxygen in the air will quickly reduce its vitamin C content. Add some salt to drink, the effect is more obvious.

2. Orange juice makeup remover-deep cleaning

Wipe the facial skin with a towel dipped in orange juice, fully absorb it for 5 minutes, and then wash it with clear water, which can not only remove makeup, but also thoroughly clean facial dirt and grease, and play a role in deep cleaning. Even sensitive skin can be used with confidence. But special reminder, try to avoid sun exposure after cleaning the skin with orange juice.

Orange seed article

3. Orange seed mask-firming skin

Beat 2 teaspoons of orange seeds into powder with a blender, and mix with distilled water to make a paste mask. Applying 1 ~ 2 times a week can improve the resistance of skin capillaries and achieve the purpose of firming the skin. People with sensitive skin can do a skin test first, apply the self-made mask behind their ears and wash it after 5 ~ 10 minutes. If you don't feel uncomfortable, you can use it with confidence.

4. Orange kernel powder-treating rheumatism

Bake dried orange seeds in a pot. Be careful not to fry them, but try to dry the oil. Pulverize the fried orange core into powder, and take it with boiling water, 3 ~ 5g each time, and drink it after meals. Long-term persistence can treat rheumatism to some extent.

Orange petals

5. Orange salad-enhancing immunity

Orange petals contain almost all the nutrients that fruits can provide, which can enhance human immunity, promote disease recovery and accelerate wound healing. In particular, it can supplement dietary fiber and help defecation. Smokers are especially reminded to eat more oranges, and patients with gastritis and gallbladder disease should eat oranges carefully.

6. orange eye patch-replenish eye moisture

Cut orange petals into thin slices and use them as eye mask, and gently press them with your fingers to help absorption, which can promote blood circulation, effectively replenish eye moisture and play a long-term moisturizing effect.

orange peel

7. Orange peel massage-remove orange peel tissue

Orange peel has a prominent function of resisting "orange peel tissue". Take14 clean orange peel, soak it in olive oil, then massage the corresponding orange peel tissue on the body, squeeze out the juice evenly during massage, and then wash the skin with clear water.

8. Orange peel scrub-remove dead skin

Using orange peel can remove dead skin, and it is rich in flavonoids and vitamin C. It can also promote skin metabolism and improve the resistance of skin capillaries. Slice fresh orange with skin, put it in gauze, and rub it directly on rough parts such as elbow, knee and heel to remove dead skin.

9. orange peel sachet-hypnotic and mosquito repellent

Wrapping orange peel with plain cloth to make sachet can not only play a hypnotic role, but also repel mosquitoes. Put it in the bathroom, kitchen or refrigerator, it can remove the odor and keep the air fresh.

10. Orange peel bath-moisturizing and skin rejuvenation

When soaking, adding a small amount of freshly cooked orange peel soup can bring refreshing fragrance, reconcile free radicals and help keep skin moist and tender, especially suitable for dry autumn.

1 1. Orange peel drink-softening blood vessels

Put 30 grams of clean fresh orange peel into 1 liter of water and boil for 15 minutes to make an orange peel drink. The orange peel beverage is slightly bitter, and the hesperidin contained in it can soften blood vessels and reduce blood lipids, and can prevent cardiovascular diseases if drunk daily. Drinking a cup before meals can also stimulate appetite.

Orange blossom article

12. Orange honey-relieving cough and hypnosis

Take a spoonful of orange honey and mix it with warm water to relieve the symptoms of nervous cough. Orange honey can also hypnotize and improve mild sleep disorders. It is best to heat milk before going to bed. In addition, drinking orange honey is also helpful for abdominal pain and diarrhea.

13. orange blossom tea-promoting digestion and absorption

Drink orange blossom tea after meals. Sweet and sour golden tea can promote digestion and absorption. In addition, orange blossom tea also has the function of relieving tension and anxiety, and is suitable for drinking during work breaks.

14. Neroli essential oil massage-calm and relax

Nerolin can stimulate parasympathetic nerve, and has a calming and relaxing effect. Adding 3 drops of Neroli essential oil to 50 ml of base oil for body massage, or directly dropping 3 drops of essential oil into the aromatherapy device, can effectively relax the body and mind and relieve stress.

15. Fragrances enhanced by neroli essential oil

The name of Neroli essential oil is Neroli, which comes from17th century Italian queen Neroli and has elegant taste. She often puts neroli essential oil on gloves, clothes and shawls to make it play the role of perfume. We can drop a few drops of neroli essential oil on cotton, wrap it in paper towels and put it in the closet; When washing clothes, you can also drop a few drops of neroli essential oil in the water; Or when the neroli essential oil is mixed into a steam iron to iron clothes. Wear clothes with orange blossom fragrance, and your body and mind will be relaxed.

16. Neroli essential oil spray-relieving anxiety

Drop 1 drop of neroli essential oil into 90ml of pure water, and add a sprayer to make neroli spray, which can effectively relieve anxiety, tension and depression, and is also helpful for headache and dizziness. Is the best partner at work.

[Edit this paragraph] Oranges-How to eat oranges

Skinning skill

(1) Rub it on the table by hand. After a few times, the orange peel and meat will be easier to peel off. This method is slow.

orange

(2) Peel the skin round and round like an apple with a knife and eat it at last.

(3) The most convenient, quick and commonly used method: cut from the middle with a knife, the big one is cut into six petals, and the small one is cut into four petals. Then each flap separates the skin from one end.

(4) Take an ordinary small iron spoon for eating at ordinary times, surround the opening at one end of the orange in a circle, fasten the spoon (that is, the convex side is upward) and put it in from the small opening, apply a little force downward along the curvature of the orange, finally take out the spoon, and repeat the above actions until the whole orange peel is separated from the meat, which is easy to peel and won't hurt the pulp.

(5) You can bake oranges on the radiator for a while in winter. They are easier to peel when they get warm.

[Edit this paragraph] Orange-Function Introduction

Herbal Name: Orange

Content introduction:

Oranges (edible herbs)

Different oranges (Shang), yellow oranges (Zhang Ji), golden oranges (Su Shi), golden balls and mandarin fish shells (abridged edition).

The source is the fruit of Rutaceae plant lime.

Plant orange, also known as crab orange.

Small evergreen trees, up to 4 ~ 6 meters high. Branches are slender and have long thorns.

Leaves alternate; Oval or ovoid, 3 ~ 3.5 cm long and 3 cm wide, with sharp apex, slightly concave, rounded or wedge-shaped base, shallowly undulate and obtuse serrations or all leaves, and inconspicuous veins; Petiole has broad wings.

Flowers solitary, axillary, medium and large; Calyx green, 5-lobed; Petals 5, white, slightly connected into a tube; The disc is annular.

The fruit is slightly oblate, with a diameter of 4 ~ 7 cm, thin stalk and persistent calyx; The peel is rough and wrinkled, yellow when ripe, easy to peel, about 4 mm thick and fragrant; Capsule 10 petals, kidney-shaped, small and complete stele, yellowish flesh, juicy and sour.

About 20 seeds, ovoid, large, white cotyledons, single embryo.

Flowers bloom in spring.

Fruit in autumn.

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou are all cultivated.

The peel (orange peel) and stone (orange stone) of this plant are also used as medicine, and each has its own article in detail.

Collect fruits during 10, and harvest them when they are ripe.

The chemical components of oranges contain hesperidin, citric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, sugar, pectin and vitamins.

It also contains 0. 1 ~ 0.3% of volatile oil, and the main components are geranial and limonene.

It is also reported that the volatile oil contains more than 70 kinds of terpenoids, aldehydes, ketones, phenols, alcohols, esters, acids and coumarins.

It tastes sour and cold.

1 kaibao materia medica: acid.

2 "Eating is about to happen": sweet and sour, non-toxic.

(3) "Fraxinus mandshurica liquid": bitter and sour, slightly cool.

Meridian tropism: entering Taiyin lung meridian.

Its functions are mainly used to stop vomiting, expand the chest and diaphragm, eliminate galls, relieve alcoholism and kill fish and crab poison.

(1) Materialism of edible herbs: promoting ethos, curing carbuncle, causing scrofula, killing fish and killing insects ('worm' is called' crab').

2 "Kaibao Materia Medica": remove nausea, wash off sour juice, finely cut and fry with salt and honey, eat it, and remove stomach wind.

(3) "Corn Drug Solution": Broaden the chest, replenish qi and relieve alcoholism.

4 "Outline": orange cake: dispel stubborn phlegm, reduce qi and stimulate appetite; Broaden diaphragm, strengthen spleen, detoxify fish and crab, sober up.

Oral administration and dosage: decocted.

External use: air-dried and smoked.

Avoid 1 Kaibao Materia Medica: 1 Don't eat too much, it will hurt your liver.

② "Ben Feng Jingyuan": Malaria fastes cold and heat.

3 "Outline": Do not take it for those who are tender due to qi deficiency.

Prescription for treating hemorrhoid swelling and pain: air-dry oranges every other year and smoke them in barrels.

(Summary of medical prescriptions)

Eating an orange a day can reduce the incidence of cancer in the mouth, esophagus and stomach by half, which is the latest research result of Australian scientists just released in June and February of 5438. The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization of Australia found that eating citrus fruits every day can also reduce the incidence of stroke 19%.

Citrus fruits are the largest fruit family, including oranges, tangerines, grapefruit, grapefruit, kumquat and lemon. Among them, oranges are traditionally regarded as the main source of vitamin C in the western diet, and can also provide a considerable amount of carotene and minerals such as potassium, calcium and iron.

Citrus fruits can resist oxidation, enhance the immune system, inhibit the growth of tumor cells, and turn tumor cells into normal cells. According to the research of Australian scientists, among all fruits, citrus contains the highest antioxidant substances, including 170 phytochemicals, including more than 60 flavonoids and 17 carotenoids. Flavonoids have the functions of anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, strengthening blood vessels and inhibiting blood coagulation, while carotenoids have a strong antioxidant effect. These comprehensive physiological active components make citrus fruits have inhibitory effects on the occurrence of various cancers.

In fact, not every nutrient in citrus fruits is high. If we talk about the content of minerals such as potassium, magnesium and iron and the content of vitamin C, we can't compare with fresh dates. If the content of flavonoids is concerned, it can't compare with hawthorn; If the content of carotenoids is concerned, it can't compare with papaya and mango. Citrus fruits are abundant and cheap, and can be eaten in all seasons, so people pay more attention to their nutritional significance in diet. Citrus fruits are very nutritious, and imported varieties with high prices are not better than domestic varieties with low prices.

The peel of citrus fruits contains a lot of pectin, in which the aromatic oil has an appetizing effect, the orange peel contains a lot of dietary fiber, and the orange collaterals have the function of relieving cough and resolving phlegm. However, this does not mean that people who have no cough, excessive phlegm and loss of appetite must eat orange peel and orange collaterals.

Citrus fruits should not be eaten too much. Only on the basis of balanced nutrition can the health care function of various foods be fully reflected. You can't eat oranges just because you love them, because you have to eat a few kilograms every day in pursuit of nutrition, so it is easy to get "orange skin disease" and make people's skin yellow. Eating a lot of citrus fruits on an empty stomach can also stimulate the stomach.

Finally, if you only drink orange juice, the health care function of oranges will be greatly reduced.

Because a lot of vitamin C, flavonoids and carotenoids are lost in the processing of orange juice, except pectin, almost all other dietary fibers are lost.