High-definition pictures of kindergarten culture wall Design of kindergarten culture wall How to build folk culture in kindergarten
Create a folk environment and feel the characteristic culture
People say? Environment is the third teacher for children? Also put forward in the "Outline"? Environment is an important educational resource, and the development of children should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment? . In the creation of kindergarten environment, the theme will be organically infiltrated with folk culture education, and parents and community resources will be fully utilized to lead children to operate together, which not only decorates and beautifies the kindergarten environment, but also allows children to interact with these folk culture and arts at any time, which plays a subtle role in children.
For example, we arrange Chinese classic stories, such as Sima Guang's Breaking the Cylinder, Cao Chong's Statue, and Kong Rong's Let Pear, at the junction of the corridor to cultivate children's traditional virtues such as cleverness, courage and humility; Decorate China's traditional paper-cut works, Chinese painting works, Peking Opera costumes, etc. in the corridor, so that children can feel the beauty of China's traditional culture and art while enjoying it; Arrange the dragon boat, belly pocket, fan and so on made by them in the kindergarten hall with the children, so as to have full interaction with the children and improve their understanding of the connotation of Chinese traditional culture; Decorate the scenic spots and historical sites around the motherland and the specialties of hometown in the exhibition halls on the first and second floors, guide children to understand the characteristic culture of the country and hometown, and cultivate their positive feelings of loving their hometown and motherland.
We have also opened a special room for Chinese painting and Peking Opera in the kindergarten. Here, teachers lead children to carry out courses such as paper-cutting, Chinese painting, clay sculpture, printing and dyeing, Peking Opera singing, etc., so that children can be influenced by national culture from an early age, stimulate their interest in national culture, and improve their love for national culture.
Select folk content and set educational goals.
As we all know, China's folk culture is profound and rich in forms, including spiritual folk customs, material folk customs, social folk customs, age-old folk customs, etiquette folk customs and many other contents. Among these contents, how to select the content that is not only interesting to children, but also suitable for their development has become an important problem for us to solve first.
After repeated data collection and extensive discussion by teachers, we have chosen some well-known nursery rhymes, virtue story and myths and legends that are easy for children to understand in spiritual folklore, such as Kong Rong's grinding pears and iron pestles into needles, clever writing and filling the sea with jingwei, so that children can inherit the virtues of our people's diligence, kindness and simplicity on the basis of understanding these literary works; In social folklore, we choose the most common ethnic minorities in China, such as Mongolian, Tibetan, Uygur and Korean, including their folk songs, folk music and national dances. In the material folk custom, we choose those contents with national artistic characteristics, such as printing and dyeing, Chinese painting, paper-cutting, dough sculpture, tea art, and costumes of different ethnic minorities, to guide children to appreciate; According to the traditional festivals in our garden, we chose Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Spring Festival and Lantern Festival. In the etiquette folk custom, according to the characteristics of children's life, we choose the New Year greeting etiquette, dining etiquette, greeting etiquette and other contents closely related to children's existing experience.
In addition, we also refine the contents of these folk education according to the different age characteristics of children, according to large, medium and small classes.
The objectives of folk education in small classes are: to be polite to family members and teachers, to be familiar with the different appellations of relatives, and to cultivate the feelings of loving teachers, parents and family members; Can get along well with peers and experience the fun of sharing with others; Learn the simple skills of tearing, cutting, sticking and drawing; Willing to study with partners.
The goals of folk education in the middle class are: to sprout the feelings of loving hometown and motherland; Be polite to elders and be willing to do things for them; Generous communication with peers, confident in speaking and honest in doing things; Simple paper-cutting, traditional Chinese painting, folk music, folk dance, folk decoration and other means can be used for creation and performance to stimulate interest in learning.
The goals of folk education in large classes are: to know that you are from China and to cultivate the feelings of loving the motherland; Respect the elders and cultivate love and filial piety; Establish self-confidence in speaking and doing; Interested in folk culture, can use paper-cutting, traditional Chinese painting, masonry, folk music, folk dance and other forms to express the content of folk culture.
Organize thematic activities to enrich folk cognition.
Kindergarten teaching activities mainly include theme activities and district corner activities. Among them, theme activity is a widely used educational method in kindergartens. In teaching, teachers lead children to explore independently around a theme, which is more conducive to the interaction between teachers and children, thus promoting the all-round development of children. To this end, we will combine the selected folk content with the theme, start with children's interests, set up collective education activities around educational goals, and let children appreciate colorful folk culture, examine the course of the nation and understand the infinite charm of the motherland through the window of folk customs, so as to make children healthy, lively, curious, civilized, confident and have a sense of responsibility.
For example, in the small class, we carried out? Celebrate the New Year? The folk theme of. In the theme, we carried out collective education activities such as setting off firecrackers, dragon dancing, celebrating the New Year, the New Year sports meeting, the decoration of the New Year, and delicious candied haws.
For another example, in the big class, we carried out? Happy folk village? The theme activities include climbing the Great Wall, a big ethnic family, magical Chinese medicine, the best of the motherland, hanging lanterns, ethnic dolls, dancing yangko, Peking Opera masks, Xinjiang girls, horse racing, mother Gesangla and other collective education activities.
In the art teaching of Peking Opera Mask, teachers use teaching methods such as appreciation, exploration, imitation and creation to guide children to understand the main characteristics of Peking Opera Mask, and learn the history and inheritance of Peking Opera through multimedia courseware. In the whole group activity, the children's enthusiasm for participation is high. Together, they create Peking Opera shapes and design Peking Opera masks, which greatly enriches children's cognition and feelings about Chinese traditional Peking Opera culture.
Opening regional corner activities to improve creative level.
District corner activity is an autonomous activity in which teachers and children create a certain number of district corners in the class together, and through the creation of district corner environment and the provision of district corner materials, children's interest in participation is aroused and their abilities in all aspects are improved. It is more conducive to children's effective interaction with materials and peers, thus promoting their operational ability, imagination, creativity and problem-solving ability, and achieving personalized development.
Therefore, according to the content of folk themes and the age characteristics of children, we have set up 1-2 folk culture areas in each class (for example, we have set up a folk paper-cutting area, a Peking Opera facial mask area and a blue and white porcelain area in the big class; In the middle class, a blue calico area and a lantern decoration area were opened; In the small class, there are mud playing areas and rubbing areas, etc.), so that children can experience the fun of participating in folk culture creation, experience happiness and feel happiness in regional activities.
In addition, we have also set up a folk life experience area in each class, and equipped the class with real cookers and tableware such as ovens, induction cookers, small stone mills, pots, chopping boards and rolling pins, so as to lead children to enjoy the folk foods with regional characteristics in this city, this province and even the whole country, such as Baoding pickles, Tianjin dough twists, Shanxi dough sculptures, Xinjiang baked nang, Muslim moon cakes, etc.
Carry out folk activities to stimulate national feelings.
Tao Xingzhi said: The whole life should have the whole education. ? Children's life is a trinity of kindergarten, family and society. Under the guidance of the theory that life is education, our children's education must establish a trinity of kindergarten, society and family to realize it? The whole education? . To this end, we hold different forms of folk activities in the whole park every year. Through the appreciation, experience, expression and performance of these folk arts and cultures, on the one hand, it enriches children's knowledge of traditional folk festivals in China, on the other hand, it also makes them feel the traditional folk art style in China and experience lively, humorous, funny and exaggerated folk art feelings.
Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, we will lead children in small classes to go hiking in the wild, children in middle classes to fly kites in the military academy square, and children in large classes to Baoding Normal School? Seven or six? Pay homage to the martyrs in front of the monument. On the Dragon Boat Festival, we will invite the Yangko team to perform Yangko dancing, run a dry boat and hold a dumpling-making competition with parents. On the Double Ninth Festival, we will also lead the children to the nursing home to give gifts and give performances to the lonely old people there. We will also organize a parent-child sports meeting before the New Year, so that children can have a real feeling of different festivals in a relaxed, lively, quiet or peaceful atmosphere, so as to experience the colorful traditional festival culture for themselves.
In a word, we organically integrate folk culture into the curriculum through different ways, so that children's curriculum content learning and folk culture learning can be integrated in the process of unification, so that folk culture education can become a part of kindergarten curriculum, and it can be integrated with other kindergarten courses. We believe that through such education, children will be close to folk culture, and at the same time, they will also plant a seed of loving traditional culture in their hearts, and they will certainly become the inheritors of traditional culture.
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