Seminar on text
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This article is a famous Danish fairy tale from19th century. Andersen's original creation was written in 1837, which is one of his most famous fairy tales.
Through the story of the incompetence of fairy tales and the deception of extravagant emperors, the hypocrisy, stupidity and self-deception scandals of the emperor and his ministers are exposed and satirized.
The text specifically describes the beautiful new clothes. "In fact, it does not exist. The deep foundation pit is the ugly soul of the emperor and ministers.
Liars, in fact, don't exist. The so-called "new clothes" have a strange feature: incompetence or stupidity, and they can't see this dress. This strange feature has always been the main line of the whole story. The characteristics of unfolding the plot and arranging the materials are all fantastic and vivid stories with clever expansion of fairy tales around this main line, which is unexpected but reasonable.
The first account of the fairy tale, the emperor's eccentricity likes to wear new clothes, which is the introduction of the whole story. Then, it is written that the swindler voted for the emperor who easily cheated and began to "do" the new installation, which is the beginning of the story. In addition to making new clothes, the emperor wrote to see the newly installed ones. The minister and his party didn't see the so-called new clothes, but in order to prevent others from saying that they were incompetent or stupid, they didn't keep their tongues to praise the beauty of the fabrics and exposed their hypocrisy and self-deception. This was the last development, and wrote that the emperor wore new clothes to participate in the parade. The article describes the discovery of an ugly performance in broad daylight, from the emperor to the minister. The parade before and after the ugly performance was finally delicate by the emperor. The story. It is the climax and ending of the whole story.
Fairy tales begin to cheat, and cheating ends. This center revolves around the "new look" and tries to write about emperors, ministers, swindlers and all kinds of absurd and absurd behaviors to expose the hypocritical, stupid and rotten nature of the feudal ruling class.
study
1, cheating each other. Exaggeration and imagination in use
Due to the corruption of the feudal system, it is not uncommon in history that people only need to take care of the poor and lavishly ignore the state affairs. This reality of fairy tale writer Andersen, for example, depicts, imagines and exaggerates from characters to the whole plot, creating such a typical image. Arrange, from the beginning to the end, comprehensively and successfully use exaggeration and imagination. At the beginning, the emperor's favorite clothes were written, and even every day, every set of clothes should be changed. Almost all the time was spent in the locker room, and all the money was spent. In order to wear beautiful clothes, he never even cared about his army, only his new clothes. Beginning with such an exaggerated tone, not only did its stupid and vain readers know from the beginning, but it was also a matter of course that the incompetent emperor successfully launched the whole scam.
In fact, this is done by extremely exaggerated means and rich imagination. For example, writing a scam set by two swindlers is very strange to imagine. A swindler and two swindlers who dare not expose the scam. The emperor and his subjects have thoroughly figured out the scam. They are very clear and very sinister. They don't engage in fake and shoddy products, but there are nonwovens and no clothes at all. They have a "chin surgery", who is willing to say a word of truth, invisible clothes, borrowing autocratic imperial power, incompetence or stupidity is hopeless? . Therefore, the minister's military attache told lies in order to protect himself, only the emperor took care of his dignity. "The noble knight who can tell lies, the people in the streets and windows, hundreds of people are all in chorus, deceiving themselves and praising the emperor's new clothes. "This is a strong irony!
All this, at first glance, seems incredible, and can only be imagined and read by people, but no one will doubt its authenticity. Under dictatorship, court ministers went to ordinary people to lie for their own safety. In the face of this scam, their psychology says, of course, it's ridiculous, but it's natural, imaginative and reasonable. No matter what, all officials from the emperor to the minister, until people are afraid of losing their jobs, are not afraid of people laughing at his stupid posts, almost everyone feels the same, but different people, due to different States, have slightly different words and deeds, a series of colorful and detailed Andersen's.
The result of imagination is logical. The emperor not only knew that he had made a fool of himself, but also was afraid and incompetent. He said that he was too stupid, and his inner minister was a selfish gang. A corrupt ruler would never give up his power and the truth of recognition automatically. In this case, Andersen thought, "The emperor shivered a little, because he felt that what people said seemed to be true, but he was in such an idea:" I have held a parade at the end. So, he took a proud air, and his wife followed him, holding a nonexistent back skirt in her hand? . The logic of "Imagination is a very similar character".
It can be seen that in real life, the imagination in real life is completed by exaggerated imagination, which can deepen the story of the theme, highlight the essence of things and strengthen the artistic appeal. Successfully used exaggeration and imagination to draw ugly pictures of cheating and deceiving self-deception, and willingly cheated.
2。 The swindler knitted new clothes instead of other means to deceive the emperor. Why?
Fairy tales began to summarize the narrative and write that the emperor loved new clothes so crazy and crazy. "He did not hesitate to spend all his money, wearing new clothes and writing about his extravagance," neither ... nor ... unless ... ",and wrote to him to put on new clothes, which was more concerned than the military and other activities." Every day, the emperor ordered every suit in the locker room, which was extremely exaggerated, highlighting the cost of wasting all his time and energy on the national economy and people's lives in the locker room. Addicted to the emperor's new clothes, liars who talk about magical and beautiful new clothes are of course interested.
Two swindlers noticed the emperor in their minds, claiming that they were able to "weave the most beautiful cloth in the world", and sewing clothes had a strange characteristic: any incompetence or stupidity was hopeless? This dress is invisible. “
This is in the emperor's heart. He likes to dress himself up beautifully. He doesn't ask about state affairs. He thinks it's "really an ideal dress". "The clothes I wear, you can see who is incompetent in my kingdom, and I can tell what is a smart person and what is a fool. "In other words, this new look is to kill two birds with one stone, which is not only beautiful, but also a magical power that can help the emperor to test whether his subjects are incompetent and stupid, so as to consolidate his rule. The emperor, of course, is more attractive.
This scam is combined with imperial power. The fact is that it is a truth to say "invisible" without clothes, but the courage to tell the truth is "incompetent" or "stupid and hopeless". "No one wants people to know that they can't see anything because it will show their incompetence or stupidity." From emperors to ministers to court officials, there was no self-deception performance, and the last emperor was naked and paraded in a farce. At first, people had to tell lies, and finally told the truth, it was a child, and all the people finally told the truth, and the emperor and ministers literally pretended until the military parade was held.
With his own genius, the emperor who falsely claimed to have set up two swindlers enjoyed the imagination of teasing, making him look like a clown and ruining his dignity. The fairy supreme emperor and a group of devout priests cut and cut the decadent feudal dynasty, mercilessly whipping the story ironically, their stupidity, meanness and hypocrisy, in order to keep the power in all self-deception, and so evil, the performing fairies told us that we should keep a childlike innocence, selfless dedication and dare to tell the truth.
3。 The emperor wants to see how the new clothes are woven, but she dare not look at herself. When the author focuses on his psychological activities, what are these psychological activities?
This psychological description of twists and turns is very exciting. "However, I think anyone who is stupid or incompetent can look at this cloth. My heart doesn't feel unnatural. "This is the first round, contact the description of the new clothes, instead of looking at the first paragraph of his hobby. The emperor himself, in fact, has a real heart. He is afraid of being invisible, an incompetent emperor, and whether he is smart or not. Then the second turning point: "He thinks there is no need to worry." From "unnatural" and "fear", in fact, her courage forced her to be calm. Nevertheless, he still thinks it is more appropriate to send someone to see the progress of the work first. "This is the third time, his heart is worried that they can't see the cloth, and this proves that he is incompetent or stupid, so there is an idea that I will send someone to find a more suitable one first. These contradictory psychological activities, the emperor's self-confidence, timidity, stupidity and cunning are accurately expressed, which not only makes the characters vivid, but also deepens the central idea.
4。 Ministers, officials and emperors see the fabric, the scene is the same, but the same wording, where are they different?
Written by the emperor and his cronies, the swindler repeatedly weaves the scene three times to expose the evil, because of self-interest and self-deception, depicting his ridiculous ugly face. If you only write once, it is not enough to expose the corruption of the whole court. Three scenes, however, are almost the same? Similarly, 1 1 is written, which is resistant to reading, which is difficult. Being good at accurately grasping the identity and age of the character and fully mobilizing the language art, in three scene types, his right hand, fun will happen, therefore, the plot is fully developed.
Old ministers and officials weave words and deeds, different actions. For the first time, I opened my eyes to the old minister in an unexpected way, then praised him highly and looked at him carefully from his glasses. Finally, I listened carefully to the emperor and still could quit. "Official, he just"? Watch and see if there is any further action.
Psychological description. The mood of the old minister and the emperor is very surprised, but the imperative sentence written by the old minister said that his poor sigh and writing about the emperor's many questions expressed surprise and doubt. All three of them denied their stupidity? Stupid, denying that he is incompetent, but the change of wording: the senior high emperor who is proud of the old minister wants the highest rhetoric to be strong and negative. Young and frustrated officials can't help but have a little self-doubt, so it's a question: "Maybe I shouldn't have such a good official."
Describe these three people in their own unique language, and then be more or less specific, extensive and diverse. He not only praised the language of the old minister and promised to tell the emperor, but also "in fact," he was indeed a liar, and then chose "still returned." These are all manifestations of the old minister's hypocrisy and self-deception, reappearing his nervous state of mind.
Always together, write more details than the "honest" official of the old minister, whether it is because he is the first person to "see" the cloth, the relationship under this scam, so the author uses more pen and ink to describe it. These two ministers to expose the emperor, they are in the foil, the state of contrast. The minister is an emperor in essence, but it also adds a layer of vanity. Ministers can also see that how can I turn a blind eye? It can be seen that when the emperor is not only a liar, it is also a social ugly phenomenon that the ministers lie and lie to each other.
5。 The scam is as a child, to be honest, what does this mean?
Stuffed in such lies and deception all over the world, the author suggested that an innocent child shouted "innocent voice, and no one dared to tell the truth," and the new clothes suddenly lost its magic. This stroke has enhanced the magical fairy tale and practical significance of the work.
Why let the children open the mystery parade of the emperor's new clothes? Because the children are always cynical and outspoken: "What kind of clothes does he still wear?" Na of this sentence? Ve and bold, simple, definitely in line with the identity of the child. If it is changed to an adult, it is actually untrue. In fact, even though it comes from the mouth of the child, it represents all people, and everyone repeats the opinion that "he doesn't wear any clothes!" " This sentence. He feels, describes and combines serious themes and humorous stories from a child's point of view. Therefore, he is well-deserved as a world-famous fairy tale writer.
practice
One reads the fairy tale and answers the following questions.
1。 It doesn't exist. The emperor and the people dare not say that he didn't see it. Why?
2。 After that, the child was the first time, telling the truth, telling the truth, while the emperor and his wife still wrote the program by the author. How do you understand?
Intention of setting questions: Train students read quickly to find out the key sentences and summary points, and grasp the content and theme of the article as a whole. The small question summarizes the language and performance of the "new" ministers and people before the emperor, and then summarizes it. Small questions aim to make students think further, sum up small questions based on them, and pay attention to realistic education to guide students to understand the text.
A: Question 1 Reference Research (2) The hypocrisy before "Question 2," "Let's just pretend to play tricks" continues and deepens. If you end this point, people who are afraid will understand their stupidity and even be qualified to be emperors, and continue to "play" the next "drama" to safeguard their authority, which fully exposes the cowardice and hypocrisy within the emperor.
Read the following sentences to explain the emperor's hobbies and psychological activities, and discuss the brackets.
1。 Don't care His army doesn't like going to the cinema, and amusement parks don't like going in carriages-unless it's to show off his new clothes. Every point must change a suit every day. People mentioned that he always said:
"The emperor is in the dressing room."
(sentence)
2。 "I wonder if the organization will distribute it." The emperor thought. However, I don't think anyone who is stupid or incompetent can see this cloth, and I feel unnatural in my heart.
Why does the emperor feel unnatural? )
But he was thinking, "I finished this parade." “
So, he put a proud air.
What the emperor feels people say is true. Why does he put on a more proud air? Imagine what kind of action the emperor will take when he returns to the palace. )
Intention of setting the title: It aims to guide students to follow the emperor's statement, and to understand and grasp the emperor's role more deeply.
Solution: 1 sentence of small problem, point out the story primer of the emperor's futile life extravagance. 2 in the context of small questions, seek answers. The minor problem, the emperor's psychological activity, is still vanity.
1。 The emperor's new clothes are as addictive.
2。 On the one hand, the emperor's foolish confidence, I think he can certainly withstand the test of the new installation, but because it directly threatens his dignity and the importance of imperial power, they can't help a little timid, so I am unnatural. “
In order to maintain their rule and authority, he can't be exposed to the public. , stupid and incompetent, their teeth live, putting "more pride in the air, but also exposing his paper tiger."
According to the characters of the text of the emperor, the emperor's palace will still be beneficial to a liar. "Specific actions", let students determine and imagine.
Choose one of the following two questions.
1。 It takes courage to tell the truth, and sometimes it is a price to pay. What would you do if you were now? The test is combined with life experience, and the problems discussed are telling the truth.
2。 There is something valuable about the text swindler, and some people disagree with the debate on this issue.
The purpose of designing questions: let students learn knowledge and consciousness of real life, and help them develop healthy personality with their own thoughts.
Thinking of solving the problem: the first question 1 The focus here is on the practice of your own choice restriction. The second question, first of all, let us know that in real life, he is false, and we must say the real phenomenon, and then analyze the reasons. Question 2 prompts students to understand the motivation and objective effect analysis of lying.
Teaching suggestion
This article is a fairy tale, full of genius imagination. Therefore, the teaching of this text should firmly grasp this function. On the one hand, students should guess at the edge of the words they read to see if there is any difference between their own imagination and the author's imagination. On the other hand, they should guide students to understand the beautiful works with profound ideological significance along the author's imagination. Guess reading, start a new episode, don't rush to read, let the students close their imagination to cultivate their imagination. For example:
Read "For the sake of beautiful clothes, you can imagine, the emperor of beautiful pictures, to what extent.
Read "Two Liars" and you can imagine two liars cheating.
Reading "invisibility cloak", you can imagine that they will think of the emperor and how to do it.
Read "The kind old minister came to the house of two swindlers, and you can imagine what kind of scam the old minister's performance would be.
After reading "The Emperor sent another honest official to see the work, you can imagine how the official would behave when he saw the scam.".
Read "The Emperor wants to see himself." You can imagine that this emperor cheated and executed it.
"The next morning, the parade will take place. You can imagine what will happen to the naked emperor inside and outside the palace.
Think about it, read it, and appreciate the experience of how rich and exquisite Andersen's imagination is, and what imagination is also very good, but it also allows students to introduce some plots, their imagination, and read and analyze the imaginative characteristics of the text.
Secondly, the teaching of this article should pay attention to paid reading, and on the basis of general understanding of the content, it is best for students to read in roles. Reading should enable students to distinguish what is a part of narrative, which is the description of characters in psychological description, language description and action description, and read out different feelings. It may be more effective for tape school to let students listen to the tape and then read books by themselves.
Third, it is easy to understand this fairy tale and interesting story literally, emphasizing to prevent floating, rather than real reading, not paying attention to in-depth understanding and pursuing lively surface, paying attention to guiding students to carefully ponder the text, subtle statements, in order to understand its deeper meaning, wonderful sentences, trying to find out a pen that is precise, but not too much should be concise.
blackboard-writing design
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information
About the author project
Anderson was born in a shoemaker's family. Children live in poverty. Poems, plays and novels written in the early days are "impromptu poets". Fairy tales written in 1835, written in * * * 160 more than 30. In the chapter "Ugly Duckling", "Little Klaus and Big Klaus", "The Emperor's New Clothes", "Nightingale", "The Match Girl" and "She is a waste", it is ironic that the darkness and money revealed by the author are all evil and arrogant ignorance? The ruling class reflects the gap between the poor and the rich and sympathizes with the sufferings of the lower class. A work with rich imagination, vivid plot and easy-to-understand language.
/> Andersen's fairy tales reflect the democratic tradition and realistic tendency in Danish literature. His best fairy tales are popular, and many adults and children widely read some fairy tales in today's world, such as "the little girl selling matches" and "the ugly duckling" the janitor's son ",which only truly describe the miserable life of the poor and are full of romantic feelings and fantasies. The author was born in poverty, and the gap between the rich and the poor in other societies is deeply felt in the jungle. On the one hand, he praised the warm and sincere brushwork of the working people's sympathy for the unfortunate poor and praised their kindness, purity and noble temperament; The other angrily attacked the cruel, greedy, weak and stupid reactionary ruling class and exploiters, exposed the scandal of church monks and all the bad habits, and spared no effort to criticize social evils. "The Emperor's New Clothes", "Bitter satire on the incompetent emperor's flattery", "The Nightingale" and "Peas" laugh at the ignorant and fragile aristocratic princess. Some stories, such as the performance of human ideal of "Snow Queen", firmly believe in the optimistic belief of "the ultimate victory of the sound of music". His last work, "Gardener and Master", also tries to create a true patriot image, which reflects the author's consistent patriotism.
Hans christian andersen's fairy tales, especially some later works, also show the limitations of his thoughts. Although he is full of sympathy for the poor man, he can't find a way out of misfortune. His sad eyes look at the world and show negative emotions. He believes that God is the embodiment of truth, goodness and beauty, and can guide people to "happiness". His works sometimes preach the Christian idea of fraternity and advocate the spirit of tolerance and reconciliation.
Andersen's fairy tales are closely related to folk literature, which inherits and develops the simple and refreshing new style of folk literature. Most of his early works are based on folklore, and his later creations refer to a large number of folk songs and legends.
Style and writing skills, Anderson's work is diverse, fairy tales, short stories, fables, poems, reading for children and adults to appreciate. Artistic images he created, such as: the emperor was naked, the firm tin soldier, Thumbelina, the ugly duckling and red shoes, have become allusions in European languages.
Andersen is a highly creative writer's language style, using a large number of works in the everyday language of the lower classes in Denmark and the structure of folk stories. The language is vivid, natural, fluent, beautiful and full of strong local flavor.
The fairy tale of the times was written in the background of 1837. At the beginning of18th century and19th century, capitalism in western Europe, north? The Danish border in Europe has developed rapidly, but it is still a constitutional monarchy country. At the most tense time, during the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark, Britain and France went into neutral position, and the contradiction between the ruling classes of the sea food trade caused British dissatisfaction. Britain and Denmark handed over their trading fleets and merchant ships and became vassals of Britain. Denmark refused this request. In 1807, the British army shelled Copenhagen and destroyed the Danish fleet. Will Denmark turn to Napoleon's side from "neutrality" to good? War. Eight years later, Napoleon was defeated, and Denmark became a defeated country, losing most of its territory, running out of money, bank failures, rural depression, small-scale industries that had just emerged, and all bankruptcies. Finally, Denmark became a British vassal state. The continuous exploitation of the Danish feudal class and the British bourgeoisie led to a life of cold and hunger, a life of poverty, a feudal ruling class, the poor and luxury, and extravagance.
Facing the reality of this society, Anderson adapted a Spanish folk story "The Emperor's New Clothes" to "expose the opposing leaders of the feudal ruling class and mercilessly mock the ugly behavior of the aristocratic court to deeply dissect the social pathology.
"The Emperor's New Clothes", "On the basis of Spanish folklore"
"The Emperor's New Clothes", a folk story of hans christian andersen, was transplanted from medieval Spain. This is the first time I have seen the seventh chapter of the church Manuel Esso "Count Locarno" in the14th century, which is a story rectification of a king, entitled "Brief introduction of the naked king:
Once a while later, three hooligans saw a king and said they were weavers. In particular, they will weave materials, which can be seen by everyone, as long as he has a world-recognized father, and he is really his father's son. But anyone who is not his imagination, his father's son, and he can't see it. This is very similar to the king, because he thinks that with the help of this textile, he knows his own kingdom, who is the son of the legitimate father and who is not. In this way, he will be a kingdom that can adapt to many things. Moles, if they are sons of no real father, will not inherit their father's inheritance. So he ordered the first duty to work in the three palaces. The three men told the king not to cheat, and locked them in the palace until the knitting material of the cycle was made. The king was very happy. Wang, because of the "pattern" and "color" of the new cloth, looks at nothing, just like a dead horror shock, because he believes that he can not be the son of the king, and he thinks it is the father. He put on his invisible clothes and rode a horse to parade in the city, losing his good luck. It was summer.
Finally, the royal drive of nursing itself does not worry about the loss of anything for blacks to go to the king of the battlefield, which makes sense.
Compared with the prototype of "the emperor's new clothes", there are three major changes: first, the shape of the characters. He is an original figure that plays a role in the story, lacking typicality, and Emperor hans christian andersen is a typical image. Secondly, any clothes that children born out of wedlock can not look at, hans christian andersen changed it into "incompetent or stupid hopeless? People see this dress ". The third is to point out the truth that a black man did not realize that the original Hans Christian Andersen, who inherited the property, had the right to expose the fraud through the children of his mouth. The latter two are typical of the detailed description of the fairy tales. Generally speaking, these changes are more typical in the description of "the emperor's new clothes", thus improving the education and artistic charm of work. Why, up to now, people have criticized those self-deception behaviors, and often they don't wear any clothes, trying to quote the emperor's very stupid stage as a metaphor.
"The emperor's new clothes", from Spanish folklore, is not difficult to find the author's original story plot, give full play to the imagination and carefully recreate it. From these changes alone, some can be seen in Andersen's creativity and intelligence.
The artistic features of this article
"The emperor's new clothes", "Pay great attention to the clarity and completeness of the narrative. Describing its most vulnerable method of children's acceptance and sequence, writing the protagonist, describing the emperor's "hobby" of wearing new clothes, and then attracting swindlers, and then writing knitting to make clothes, and finally writing that the emperor made a fool of himself by taking "new clothes" to the parade. The unfolding story sequence, closely linked, gradually leads to the climax, and finally summarizes briefly, because it leaves room for imagination. This word can not only satisfy children's intelligence level, but also satisfy their curiosity, and is also conducive to cultivating their meticulous thinking ability, clear expression and rich imagination.
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