Mannitol is a monosaccharide, not absorbed in the body, metabolically inactive, the vast majority of the original form from the kidneys, is an osmotic diuretic. It achieves the purpose of lowering the cranial pressure by increasing the plasma colloid osmotic pressure so that the water in the brain tissue enters the blood vessels and the volume of the brain tissue relatively shrinks, lowering the cranial pressure quickly.
Glycerol fructose is a hypertonic dehydrating drug, a compound preparation, compared with mannitol, this drug has a slow onset of action, after injection (0.59±0.39)h intracranial pressure began to fall, peaked at about 2h, the lowering of the cranial pressure can be sustained for (6.03±1.52)h, longer than the mannitol for about 2h. 250 ml of each time for the treatment of cerebral edema (containing glycerol 25g, fructose 12.5g, chloride). Glycerol fructose does not increase the burden on the kidneys and generally has no renal damage. Glycerol fructose enters the brain tissue through the blood-brain barrier and can also participate in brain metabolism to provide heat. Due to the slow onset of glyceryl fructose, it is difficult to reduce cranial pressure in emergency situations, but it has a long duration of action, no rebound phenomenon, and can be used alternately with mannitol.
Glyceryl fructose is suitable for cardiac dysfunction, can not tolerate rapid intravenous infusion of mannitol, accompanied by renal impairment, do not need to immediately obtain a lowering of the cranial pressure to save the patient's life emergency effect.