Lanzhou has five districts, namely Chengguan District, Qilihe District, Xigu District, Anning District and Honggu District. Lanzhou is the capital of Gansu Province, the center of politics, culture, economy, science and education, and an important central city in the western region. It is the capital of Gansu Province, an important industrial base and comprehensive transportation hub in the northwest, one of the important central cities in the western region, and an important node city in the Silk Road Economic Belt, approved by the State Council.

Lanzhou is the only capital city where the Yellow River passes through the city. The Yellow River flows through the urban area 150.7 km, of which the urban area is 47.5 km. Lanzhou waterwheel built along the river is bold and unique; Zhongshan Railway Bridge is the first railway bridge across the Yellow River, which is called "the first bridge of the Yellow River in the world".

Lanzhou has a temperate continental climate. The annual average temperature is 65438 00.3℃. There is no heat in summer and no cold in winter. This is a famous summer resort. The annual average sunshine hours are 2446 hours, the frost-free period is 180 days, and the annual average precipitation is 327mm, mainly from June to September. Lanzhou lives in the northwest inland, and the warm and humid air currents in the ocean are not easy to reach, so there is little chance of rain. The climate in most areas is dry and belongs to temperate monsoon climate, which is continental. Winter is cold and long, the boundary between spring and summer is unclear, summer is short, the temperature is high, and the temperature drops quickly in autumn.