There are five measures to remove more than 95% of pesticide residues 1. Soak in light salt water.
Generally, vegetables are washed with clean water for at least 3-6 times, then soaked in light salt water 1 hour, and then washed with clean water 1 time. For wrapped vegetables, you can cut them first, soak them in clear water for 2 hours, and then rinse them with clear water to remove residual pesticides.
Disinfect with sunlight
Sunlight on vegetables will decompose and destroy some residual pesticides in vegetables. According to the measurement, the residues of organochlorine and organomercury pesticides will be reduced by 60% when vegetables and fruits are irradiated in the sun for 5 minutes. Vegetables that are easy to store can be stored at room temperature for about two days, and the average disappearance rate of residual chemical pesticides is 5%.
Wash with rice
Taomi water is acidic, and organophosphorus pesticides will lose their toxicity when they encounter acidic substances. Soaking in rice washing water for about 10 minute and washing with clear water can reduce the residual pesticide components in vegetables. This insect is found all over the country and is a serious pest of cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower and lettuce. Although the cabbage caterpillar itself is harmless, it eats leaves, and the bitten leaf wound is easy to induce soft rot.
Wash with baking soda
First, put a pinch of alkali powder and sodium carbonate into water, stir well, then add vegetables, soak for 5 to 6 minutes, and then rinse with clear water. Baking soda can also be used instead, but the soaking time should be appropriately extended to 15 minutes.
Burn with boiling water
When making green peppers, cauliflower, beans, celery, etc. It is best to scald with boiling water before cooking, which can remove 90% of the residual pesticides.
Different fruits and vegetables have different methods to remove pesticide residues.
Pay special attention to the cleaning of Chinese cabbage, rape and cabbage. After buying leafy vegetables, spread them out and let some pesticides evaporate. Sunlight irradiation can decompose and destroy pesticides, and the content of organochlorine can be greatly reduced after five minutes of irradiation.
When cleaning rape, cut more from the roots so that each leaf is scattered and disconnected. Vegetable roots are recommended to be discarded. After the leaf menu is broken off, rinse it with running water. Because the pesticides in the leaves will flow to the roots of the leaves, there are more pesticides left in the roots.
2. Eggplant and melon
Cucumber, eggplant and radish should be peeled as much as possible before eating. Although eggplant skin is rich in nutrition, it is recommended to peel it when the safety cannot be guaranteed.
Bitter gourd is difficult to clean, and pesticide residues are distributed in its concave and convex surfaces and gaps, so it needs to be cleaned with toothbrush and soaked with baking soda. It is suggested that bitter gourd be blanched before eating. Wash cucumber with a little salt, peel and eat.
3. Cruciferae
After washing, soak in rice washing water or baking soda water, break into small pieces and wash. It is recommended to blanch for a long time, and then rinse with clear water.
Methods of removing pesticides from common vegetables. cabbage
Cabbage belongs to Cruciferae. Because the leaves are from the center to the foreign minister, the outermost leaves are usually the oldest, and they are easily covered by a lot of pesticides and dust. Although the leaves inside look clean, the sprayed pesticides will still penetrate through the cracks in the leaves, and the internal growth is relatively dense, which makes it easy for vegetable pests to hide inside.
Step by step cleaning:
1. Remove the rotten leaves on the outermost layer of Chinese cabbage, and then peel off the remaining leaves one by one. It is recommended to wash as much as you want. If you want to eat the whole cabbage at once, you can also cut it in half directly, or cut it into 1/4 pieces and peel it off one by one for cleaning.
2. Rinse with lukewarm water and gently touch with your hands. Wu Jiacheng said that if you use a brush, pesticides can easily get into it, and warm water can help pesticides dissolve and be taken away downstream.
If there is no edible part, there is no need to put it in the refrigerator. Just put the middle stalk into a small pot of water, you can maintain the life of Chinese cabbage, not only keep it fresh, but also have the ability to metabolize pesticides and germs. Vegetables are also life, so they also have a good self-metabolism mechanism. As long as there is sunshine, air and water, we can continue to metabolize, but it will be cleaner if we put it aside. Brothers and sisters of cabbage, cabbage, lettuce, cabbage, mustard etc. , you can use this cleaning method.
Do you need to throw away the dirty outer layer of cabbage?
In fact, it is more appropriate to remove the outer leaves of Chinese cabbage. On the one hand, it may taste bad, on the other hand, the pesticide residue in the outer layer is high. If removed, the risk of infection during cleaning can be reduced.
2. Qingjiang cuisine
Qingjiang cuisine belongs to lobular cuisine, and basically lobular cuisine can be eaten above the ground (such as leaves, stems, petioles, etc.). ), so I'm worried that there will be pesticide residues in the whole vegetable. Of course, due to the decline and accumulation in the spraying process, there will be more pesticide residues in the roots, so the roots need to be scrubbed.
Step by step cleaning:
1. Peel off the leaves of Qingjiang cabbage one by one and put them in a pot, then wash away the sediment under running water, pick off the old leaves and scrub the roots, and let the pot store water by the way. If you are cleaning leafy vegetables with tender leaves such as Artemisia annua, you should pay attention to the softness of your hands and don't rub them rudely to avoid the leaves rotting.
2. After the basin is full of water, the Qingjiang vegetables are repeatedly fished and washed for two or three times, and then put aside to drain slightly. This basin of vegetable washing water can be used to water the flowers, because pesticides may remain in the water, which can make potted plants less prone to insects.
3. Store another pot of water and soak it in the drained Qingjiang vegetable for 12 ~ 15 minutes. At the same time, turn down the water flow, tilt the basin slightly, let the water flow slowly dissolve and take away the pesticides. After this step, you can enter the cooking. If lobular vegetables need to be cut into sections for cooking, it is recommended to cut large sections before cleaning and cooking, so that nutrients will not be lost during cooking. If you are worried about the inconvenience of eating at home, you can cut it into small pieces with scissors after serving. It is also recommended not to cover when cooking, so that the residual pesticides will be lost with the steam.
Save method:
It is suggested that the purchase amount of lobular vegetables is about three days at a time, up to five days. If there are lobular vegetables that will not be treated immediately, you can roll them up with kitchen napkins and put them in a ventilated place on the balcony to dry in the shade for a day or two to help the pesticides volatilize, and then put them in a clean plastic bag, which can be kept green and not easy to wither without spraying water.
Brothers and sisters of lobular vegetables, such as spinach, Chinese cabbage, kale, spinach, sweet potato leaves, etc., can use this cleaning method.
3. Corn
Corn belongs to wheat and grain crops, and some pesticides may be absorbed by the whole corn by burying, so as to achieve the insecticidal effect, and then the pesticides will spread evenly over the whole corn.
Buried pesticide method: the pesticide is buried in the soil near the roots of crops for the crops to absorb, so as to achieve the effect of pest control.
Step by step cleaning:
Peel off the leaves outside the corn and keep two leaves outside. At the same time, take the kitchen napkin under running water, scrub the whole surface of the corn, and then put it into the basin with other vegetables. Each vegetable does not need to be soaked separately, but can be washed at the same time without cross-infection of pesticides; Kitchen napkins can also be replaced by non-woven fabrics, and this brushing method is also suitable for green peppers or cucumbers.
After the water in the basin is full, wash the corn twice or three times, and then put it aside and drain it slightly. When fishing and washing the soaked corn, you can gently pull open the remaining two leaves, clean up the areas covered by leaves that may not have been cleaned before, and then put them aside to drain slightly.
If you are going to cook corn, you can cook it after the third step. If you are going to steam corn in a rice cooker, or buy corn in the off-season and are worried that pesticide residues are not easy to remove, you can cook it in another pot, and then cook the corn in the pot, which is the so-called "inactivation method". ?
4. colored pepper
The skin of colored pepper is flat, and pesticides are easy to remain in the pedicle and its depression. Pay special attention. If it is purchased in the case of typhoon, it is recommended to store it in a dry and ventilated place for about three days, so that the pesticides absorbed by plants can be metabolized first.
Step by step cleaning:
Rinse the surface with flowing water and rub it gently and carefully with your hands; Where pedicels or fingers can't reach, brush carefully with a soft brush (toothbrush is enough). Be careful when washing your hands, so as not to cause surface depression or scrape off the epidermis.
After the pedicle is cleaned, the pedicle is removed with a knife to prevent microorganisms such as pesticides from entering the interior of the colored pepper with a knife.
Then clean the inside of the colored pepper, cut it open and cut it into the required size. Tomatoes, eggplant and peppers are also suitable for cleaning in this way.
5. green beans; Beans; green soya bean
Green beans are common crops that are harvested continuously, and it is impossible to control the time and interval of pesticide application, so the probability of pesticide residue is high, which will remain in the whole pod. In addition, this kind of beans are mostly eaten directly, and more attention should be paid to cleaning.
Step by step cleaning:
The pods are washed one by one under the current, and the surfaces of the pods can be scrubbed with a soft brush, including dents at the front and rear ends and ribs.
As the pods will sink into the water, it is recommended to soak them for about 30 minutes and change the water every 10 minute. After washing, remove the pedicels at both ends and remove the tendons; Cut into appropriate sizes before eating to avoid pollution in the middle process.
If you are worried about incomplete cleaning, or plan to eat it by scalding or frying. You can first soak the pods in clear water for a few minutes and remove the residual drugs with warm water. If you care about the taste, it is recommended to take it out and drain it before cooking.
ㄐㄧㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤㄤ 12
6. Bitter gourd:
Bitter gourd can be eaten raw or cooked, plus melon and fruit with skin. Pay attention to uneven skin cleaning when cleaning. Special reminder: downward growing melons and fruits are easy to accumulate in the head due to direct spraying of chemicals, and even accumulate at the bottom due to dripping of chemicals.
Step by step cleaning
Rinse the epidermis with running water first, and carefully brush the depression and pedicle with a soft brush. It is recommended to soak in clear water for a few more minutes and then wash it with clear water.
Before cutting off the pedicle, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the pedicle has been washed clean, which can also prevent the knife from bringing medicine into the melon meat from the knife edge.
Brush off the inner membrane and seeds with a spoon or scraper, and then rinse. Cucumber, towel gourd, wax gourd and comb melon are also suitable for cleaning in this way.
Do you need to go to the pedicel before washing melons and fruits? Or do you want to wash it before you go to the toilet?
When cleaning, be sure to clean the surface and pedicle first, and then go to the pedicle; If the pedicel head is cut off first, and then the surface is cleaned, drugs, eggs and other microorganisms near the incision can be easily brought into the fruits and vegetables through the knife.