There are many theories about the origin of Hakka, mainly including the theory of Hakka Central Plains and the theory of Hakka ancestors.
The theory of Hakka Central Plains holds that the main body of Hakka people is immigrants from the Central Plains, while the theory of Hakka aborigines holds that "Hakka * * is the same main body produced by the integration of Han people who moved south and ancient Vietnamese immigrants in the triangle area of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, and its main body is the ancient Vietnamese living in this land, not a few Central Plains people living in this area".
Since the Song Dynasty, the Han nationality in the Central Plains moved southward on a large scale, passing through southern Jiangxi and western Fujian to Meizhou, and finally formed a relatively mature and stable Hakka family. Since then, Hakkas, based in Meizhou, have moved abroad in large numbers and moved to the whole country and even the rest of the world.
The "three Hakka States" are Jiaying, Ganzhou and Tingzhou.
Speaking of Hakkas, the most famous is their tulou. If you search for Hakka on the Internet, there will be many entries about Tulou at the same time.
If you are a stamp collector, you should have noticed that one of the Fujian folk houses with China folk house stamps is Hakka tulou.
Because most of the Hakkas lived in remote mountainous areas or deep forests, at that time, not only were building materials scarce, wolves, tigers, leopards and thieves noisy, but also they were afraid of being harassed by local people, so Hakkas built "defensive" castle-like buildings similar to earth buildings.
In Fujian, earth buildings are divided into square earth buildings and round earth buildings, and round earth buildings are rare.
Extended data:
Multiple migration
According to historical records, the first time Hakkas moved south was in the Qin Shihuang era. ?
After Qin Shihuang unified China in 22 1 BC, out of political and military needs, he sent 600,000 troops to "explore the south".
South of Qin Jun, it enters Ling Jie (namely Jieyang Mountain, now north of Jieyang County 150) from the border of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, and reaches the border of Xingning and Haifeng counties. In 2 14 BC, Qin Shihuang sent another 500,000 troops to "defend South Wuling" (now Guangdong and Guangxi).
These soldiers have long been "guarding the five ridges and living in miscellaneous places." After Qin's death, two groups of Qin soldiers who went south stayed in the local area and became the earliest Hakkas.
The second large-scale southward migration was in the period of "Yongjia difficulty" at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty and "Five Chaos" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
At that time, in order to take refuge, some Central Plains residents moved to the border areas of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi.
Later, due to the confrontation between the north and the south, about 960,000 people from the Central Plains moved south to both sides of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Part of the population flows into Gannan, and part of it enters Fujian and Guangdong through Ningdu and Shicheng.
The third large-scale southward migration was during the Huang Chao Uprising in the late Tang Dynasty. First, the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty brought great disasters to the people, forcing a large number of Han people in the Central Plains to move south.
During the Huang Chao Uprising in the late Tang Dynasty, a large number of Han people from the Central Plains went south to Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi. For example, the imperial clan Li Meng moved from Chang 'an to Bianliang, and then moved to Shibi Township, Ninghua, Fujian.
In response to the Huang Chao Uprising, Gushi people Wang Xu and Wang Chao led 5,000 peasant rebels from Guangzhou and Shouzhou to Jiangxi, resulting in a sharp increase in the population along the border between Fujian and Jiangxi.
The fourth large-scale southward migration was the southward crossing at the end of Song Dynasty. The Jin people invaded the Central Plains and attacked Bianjing (Tokyo, now Kaifeng, Henan). When Jian Yan went south, some officials and scholars moved to Taihu Lake Basin.
Others crossed Dayuling south and entered Nanxiong, Shixing and Shaozhou. Or along Hong, Ji and Qianzhou, and then from Qianzhou to Tingzhou; Or stay in counties in southern Jiangxi. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Army went south in a big way, and a large number of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Song people fled from Putian to Chaoshan, Guangdong Province, and fled to Hainan Island.
Baidu encyclopedia-Hakka