At that time, the "things" on the Internet of Things (IoT) were conceived as things that could be counted. They exist in a series of relatively simple applications, such as RFID tags on transport boxes; Parking entrance and exit system is used to know whether the parking space is full; In addition to the hotel mini-bar, you can also record the snacks you eat at night and automatically count them in your bill. Initially, a separate counting system only operated as a stand-alone application.
Now the perspective of the Internet of Things is wider, and more emphasis is placed on the post-processing of accumulated data. Therefore, it is necessary to connect a single application with cloud storage and realize remote control through the Internet. The network scale required by the Internet of Things may be unimaginable, and to achieve this, an absolutely reliable connection is needed. This connection has been designed in the product from the beginning and has been fully tested throughout the product life cycle.
In the traditional product development work, we often encounter isolated islands, rework and hit a wall again and again. PathWave platform can support agile and interconnected design workflow. It integrates the reliable design and test software of Deco technology on one platform, which can enable you to speed up product development. In the product development path, every step is interrelated and integrated.
Define the nature and scale of "things"
Since 1999, the Internet of Things has been extended to the field of machine-to-machine (M2M) communication and applications, such as manufacturing and public utilities (natural gas and electricity). Although automation has a place in the manufacturing industry, both the Internet of Things and the so-called industrial Internet support a higher degree of automation, which also improves the flexibility and efficiency of the manufacturing process. New tools supporting remote and proactive maintenance are examples, which can reduce costs and improve competitiveness.
These trends have affected the prediction of the implementation scale of the Internet of Things. It is predicted that by 2020, the interconnected "things" of all walks of life will reach 654.38+0.5 billion to 50 billion. Further prediction of disruptive new Internet of Things-related businesses shows that its potential revenue will be many times higher than the Internet of Things hardware and network supply.
From 2065438 to February 2008, IoT Analytics ranked the top ten market segments of the Internet of Things according to the collection and classification of Internet of Things projects. The first three market segments all belong to the application field of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).
1. Among them, smart cities jumped from the second place in 20 16 to the first place. The most popular applications of smart cities are intelligent transportation, public facilities, lighting, environmental monitoring and public safety.
2. The second market segment is the Internet industry. The most popular applications are equipment monitoring and remote control of interconnected machinery, such as cranes, forklifts, and even the whole mine and oil field.
3. Interconnected buildings are the largest growing market segment since 20 16. Most applications involve facility automation, which helps to reduce energy costs.
From the work point of view, the "things" in the Internet of Things can be any fixed or moving natural or artificial objects, which can transmit data through the network. Take freight, fleet management and shipping as examples. In these industries, smart BLE tags enable logistics companies to track location, speed, transportation and storage. Another example is torch gas monitoring. The wireless acoustic sensor can monitor the valve and control the air flow valve to the flare tower of the refinery, thus improving the compliance and reducing the hydrocarbon loss caused by the failure to find and repair the faulty valve in time.
20 18 Ten Market Segments of the Internet of Things
Internet of things support technology
According to the recent trend, only some devices may use wired connection (such as USB, Ethernet, optical fiber), and most IOT devices will use wireless technology. These include Near Field Communication (NFC) for mobile payment, geosynchronous satellite of unattended remote weather station, Bluetooth? Wireless local area network (WLAN), ZigBee, point-to-point radio, cellular, etc.
The network will need to handle various unique devices with different communication requirements. On the one hand, simple wireless devices, such as battery-powered sensors and actuators, can run continuously for several years unattended, and transmit very little data. On the other hand, for the use of spectrum, those high-bandwidth, mission-critical services and equipment (such as power systems or medical equipment) need to have continuous, reliable and super-secure connections anyway.
In order to provide a unique identification for each device, a huge IP address space is needed. Because the addressing space of IPv4 is very limited, concentrators (such as routers and gateways) are needed at present, so the end-to-end use of IPv6 addressing will be the key driver of IOT devices. IPv6 has almost unlimited address space, which supports providing unique addresses for billions of devices.
Access cloud gateway
For most business models of Internet of Things, big data analysis and machine learning based on server/cloud are very important. The Internet of Things uses M2M communication to collect data and route control messages between widely distributed "things" (such as sensors or actuators) and cloud intelligence. Many topologies regard gateway nodes as the convergence point between "things" and "clouds" (Figure 2).
The complexity of gateways varies. For example, Wi-Fi access points include IP routers, and may also include conversion from Ethernet and Wi-Fi to ADSL or other fixed-line protocols. More complex gateways may include important computing resources programmed with "edge" or "fog" applications, which can make local decisions.
In the case of low communication cost and tolerable delay, the implementation of the Internet of Things tends to use a simple gateway, and then route most of the data to the "cloud" for analysis and decision-making. In the case of high communication cost or strict delay requirements, complex gateway nodes are usually specified. These gateways can be maintained and configured remotely, and they will monitor a series of local "things". Traffic routed to the cloud may include occasional status updates, or alerts triggered when local monitoring thresholds are exceeded (for example, alerts triggered when the temperature exceeds the maximum or there are intruders).
Many wearable applications and some home automation applications use smart phones to provide user interfaces or act as gateway nodes. Because Wi-Fi is almost everywhere, it has become the first choice for many Internet of Things applications. If you can't use fixed line or Wi-Fi? Link, the cellular protocol is usually used. Bluetooth is usually used in wearable applications and home automation applications around smart phones. If you need to improve security by shortening the distance, you can choose NFC. ZigBee, Z-Wave and Thread can provide powerful low-power mesh networks for home automation and smart energy devices.
Isa100.11a and WirelessHART include frequency hopping technology, which can improve the flexibility of safety-critical IIoT applications. Emerging low-power wide-area (LPWA) technologies (such as LoRa and SIGFOX) not only have the advantages of cost, low complexity and low power consumption of ZigBee and other technologies, but also can support longer-distance transmission through narrowband and low data rate protocols.
Internet of Things Surveying and Mapping Technology and Scope of Work
Figure 3 shows the Internet of Things technology according to the scope of work. The wireless standard community uses "proximity", "WPAN", "WHAN", "wireless local area network", "wireless local area network", "wireless wide area network", "LPWA" and "wireless wide area network" to indicate the scope.
Many standards can be used for short-distance connection between devices and gateways. In order to promote the future development, while connecting new equipment, new standards are also rapidly forming and evolving. At present, there are more than 60 traditional formats and new RF formats for M2M and Internet of Things-related applications. Some of these technologies, such as Bluetooth, WLAN and cellular phone, have been widely used. Other standards, such as ZigBee and Thread, also appear in specific market areas.
In order to speed up product launch, some companies have developed proprietary solutions that are relatively easy to create, because these solutions have low data rate, low power transmission and low interoperability requirements. This method may be phased out gradually, because the globalization of the market is pushing equipment communication from proprietary design to standardized solution.
Internet of Things Vertical Market and Products
1. Smart City-Carefully Optimize the Internet of Things Equipment
Whether in smart cities or in any other Internet of Things applications, physical devices play a central role. Smart city project
Thousands of IOT devices are needed. These devices must have low energy consumption, excellent performance and anti-interference ability.
Safe and reliable. In a smart city, wireless connection must be maintained between all IOT devices and infrastructure anytime and anywhere. This connection must be seamless, secure and reliable, and can provide high-quality voice and data services at the same time. In smart cities, IOT devices may run over a low-power wide area network (LPWAN). The network includes proprietary options and open standard options. The mixed use of so many wireless connection technologies makes the design and testing of IOT devices in smart cities full of challenges.
Network is the pillar of smart city, and its performance and capacity restrictions are very important. It is a testing solution of DECO Technology, which helps you to test the limit of real flow in the laboratory. In addition, the security of the network is also critical.
To build a smart city, the hybrid network, as the central intelligent network hub, needs complex interaction with a large number of Internet of Things devices. Putting these interrelated objects in a network will leave an opportunity for hackers. Using the network visibility solution of Shide Technology, the infrastructure and equipment such as household items and telephones in smart cities are fully guaranteed.
2. Medical Internet of Things-ensure that intelligent medical equipment is highly reliable; Optimized, safe and reliable.
The number of medical IOT devices is increasing. Especially in hospitals, the deployment is more intensive, and most of the equipment is crowded in the 2.4 GHz band. In this frequency band, a large number of Wi-Fi and non-Wi-Fi devices compete with medical IOT devices for spectrum resources, which interferes with the connection, resulting in frequent network disconnection and frequent failures when transmitting critical alarms. This is a very serious problem for medical Internet of Things devices. Because these devices must always operate normally and cannot be disturbed, even the slightest data interruption during transmission may pose a threat to patients' lives. This infographic outlines the impact of interference on medical IOT equipment and what measures can be taken to minimize interference.
3.？ Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Solution
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is changing the way of industrial production. Factories used to give people the impression that there was a complex system with a large number of machines, people and finished products, but now they are moving towards automation and intelligence. Robots are replacing workers.
Industrial Internet of Things products need to be able to complete more arduous and long-term work, and in some cases, the service life should reach 10 years or more. No matter what the environmental conditions, they must work together seamlessly. The challenge is how to design products for industrial Internet of Things to meet these requirements, including reliability and security. No matter what kind of Internet of Things products you design, Deco Technology can help you ensure that it is fully optimized in order to survive and develop in the industrial Internet of Things. Our solution enables you to design and test industrial Internet of Things products more quickly, accurately and economically.
4. Smart home
Provide low-power IOT devices with reliable performance to create an connected home that fascinates consumers.
Smart home is becoming the mainstream of public life. Many traditional families have used at least one or more IOT devices in their daily lives. Many newly-built houses were designed with the Internet of Things technology from the very beginning. According to Gartner's prediction, by 2022, a typical family room may contain more than 500 smart devices.
Although various smart home devices have different functions, as industrial IOT devices, they meet many of the same connection and low power consumption requirements, and smart home IOT devices also face many of the same technical challenges. Dede Technology has excellent solutions and expertise to help you transform smart home IOT devices from design to successful products.
5. Wearable devices in the Internet of Things
It has achieved a good balance between excellent battery life and powerful functions.
Wearable devices can be seen everywhere. According to the forecast, in 2020 alone, the sales volume of wearable devices will be as high as 4110 billion. The number of IOT devices is so huge that the competition will be fierce.
Successful wearable devices should not only be "cool", but also be economical and reliable. Do not interfere with other equipment when working, and do not be affected by interference. It must strike an excellent balance between function and energy efficiency to ensure longer battery life. When you are committed to building the next "hot" wearable device, Dede Technology is working hard to ensure that your products have excellent functions and energy efficiency, and stand out among similar products.