Diet control is the basic treatment for all diabetic patients. Diet control is not only to limit staple food, but also to limit total calories. However, diabetics are not completely forbidden to eat sweets, which mainly depends on the calories of food.

Diabetic patients should strictly limit the intake of white sugar, brown sugar, honey, jam, various desserts, chocolate, sugary drinks and sweet juice, because most of these foods contain more glucose and sucrose, which are high in calories and will significantly increase blood sugar after absorption. For example, in summer, some diabetic patients eat a lot of cola or ice cream because of thirst, which will lead to diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar coma, which is life-threatening.

But diabetics can eat a small amount of fruit, and the principle is "food for fruit". For example, you can reduce the staple food (25g of raw rice or 60-70g of rice) and eat a certain amount of fruits: fresh jujube 1, banana 2, hawthorn 2, persimmon 2, fresh litchi 2, apple 3, kiwi 3, peach 3, pear 4, pineapple 4, orange 4 and grape 4. This kind of fruit is mostly fructose, which is sweeter than sucrose, but its absorption is slower than glucose, and the effect of raising blood sugar is also slow. At the same time, it can supplement dietary fiber and vitamins, which is a beneficial supplement to diet control.

There are many "sugar-free foods" on the market now, most of which are foods with sweeteners added. There are two common sweeteners in the market: sweeteners with calories and sweeteners without calories. Sweeteners containing calories include fructose, xylitol and sorbitol mentioned above. These sweeteners contain calories, but they are absorbed slowly and have little effect on blood sugar. Sweeteners without calories include saccharin, aspartame and other synthetic substances, which do not contain calories and will not raise blood sugar. However, some compounds are known to have carcinogenic effects, so it is not recommended to eat such synthetic sweeteners in large quantities. In addition, before eating "sugar-free food", diabetics must pay attention to the fact that the calories contained in starch and oil in food can also raise blood sugar, so don't think that it is "sugar-free" and you can eat it casually.

People with diabetes should also pay attention to the fact that most nuts are high in calories, such as peanuts, melon seeds, walnuts and almonds. Every100g contains about 40-50g of fat, which will increase blood sugar after eating and must be strictly controlled.

In a word, it is suggested that diabetic patients should establish the concept of food calories and try to choose foods with good taste and low calories, which is conducive to the comprehensive control of diabetes.