Many courtship behaviors of animals may seem strange to us, but although they are strange and dangerous, they have a good effect on the target audience. Here are some examples of unusual and extreme courtship rituals in the animal kingdom.
Launching a love dart A dogwood snail was hit hard in the head by a love dart (arrow), and the dart was shot from the other side of its head, next to eystalk on the right. (Monica Rorty and Jorris M Cohen, Journal of Mollusca Research (doi:10.1093/mollus/eyv046)) If you look closely at the photos of the horns of these land snails, you will find a small appendage near the eyestalk. This tiny structure is pushed into the snail's head by his spouse and injected with a special kind of mucus, which makes the snail ready to accept an envelope full of * * * *.
Because land snails are hermaphroditic, any snail in a mating pair can fertilize the other, and they are all equipped with "love darts" to stab their partners-according to a study in 2006, after they hover and touch each other with muscular prosthetic feet.
Some snails will shoot one dart, some will shoot many darts, and some will repeatedly stab their partners with one dart for nearly an hour. All these will be published in the magazine American Naturalist. According to the trace fossil evidence from Colorado, theropods who participated in the scraping ceremony scraped around. (Xing Lida, Han Yujiang)
Little is known about the mating habits of dinosaurs, but evidence preserved in rocks in Colorado shows that the dance rituals of some dinosaurs are very similar to those of existing birds.
Paleontologists found scratches in four places where Cretaceous dinosaur remains were preserved-many of them scratches. In a study published in the journal Natural Science Report on October 6, 20, researchers explained that they found that these scratches on rocks were obviously similar to the so-called "nest scratches" produced by some types of male birds during courtship.
Male birds have crossed many ground nesting species, including sage grouse, puffins and various coastal birds-scraping the ground in front of female birds as if to prove how good they are at nesting. They will cause dozens or even hundreds of scratches at a time, usually accompanied by scratches of strutting, scratches of courage and scratches of flapping tail.
Twerk or the black widow woman who was eaten is shorter than her man. The new spider mating dance video shows that the male black widow will "spit". (Sean McCann) The female of a black widow is about twice as big as the male, so smaller suitors must take some precautions when approaching the female's net to avoid being mistaken for prey or even being eaten before mating begins.
Males stay safe by announcing their presence to females, while their hips shake violently.
When the male steps on the female's net, it will vibrate the abdomen and send a signal to flow along the silk thread. In a study published in Frontiers of Zoology, the researchers found that he moved forward, vibrated and paused, and moved forward, vibrated and paused-this pattern was obviously different from the shorter and more irregular movement of trapped prey. The researchers also found that the vibration amplitude produced by male animals is low, which further distinguishes them from the movement of prey, which is more energetic and impactful. Two kinds of sex hormones Siphopteron sp. 1 were injected and caught red-handed. Hermaphrodite sea slugs have both male and female sex organs. When paired sea slugs get together to mate, they will pierce each other's eyes with a needle-like appendage called * * * and deliver a mixed prostatic fluid. This strategy was described as "very strange" by a researcher who co-authored a study on this strange behavior in 20 13, which was published in Journal of the Royal Society B.
Some scientists are not sure why these slugs aim at this body part, but they suspect that hormone injection may increase the possibility of successful fertilization.
Mystery Circles These "mystery circles" are about 7 feet wide and are made of 5 inches long fish. (Kawase et al.) Recently, it was discovered that the "mysterious circle" with a diameter of about 7 feet (2. 1 m) on the seabed near Japan was made of a fish with a length of only 5 inches (12.7 cm). These complex symmetrical patterns were first discovered by divers in 1995. In 20 13, researchers described the reasons for their formation: a puffer fish,
Males swim on the seabed, flapping their fins, carving extremely complicated ridges and valleys, which takes 7 to 9 days, and then decorate them with shell fragments and sediments. Interested females lay eggs in the central nest after fertilization.
Although the structure is beautiful, scientists wrote in 20 13 that the lines and shapes carved by puffer fish are helpful to dredge sediment particles, which may not meet aesthetic purposes.
The body part of this jumping spider with built-in fluorescent stick can reflect ultraviolet rays. (Matthew L.M.Lim and Daiqin Li) The body parts that reflect ultraviolet rays help the male jumping spiders in the dark regions of the universe to catch the female eyes (all 8). Male spiders attract female spiders with striking gestures, and these luminous points are very conspicuous.
However, female dark-banded spiders have their own luminous skills, and their antennae-a pair of appendages near their heads-emit green fluorescence under ultraviolet light to attract male spiders.
In a study published in the journal Science in 2007, males and scientists found that female spiders rely on these signals to judge who is mating. The researchers found that when ultraviolet rays are blocked and spiders don't shine, they lose interest in mating.
The tail fin whips the male magical butterfly (Loddigesia mirabilis), and the tail has four feathers, which is twice as long as the body. (Gray R. Homel) In hummingbirds-magical little swallowtails-males attract females by swinging their long tails back and forth.
These tails are impressive. Two of the four feathers are about 6 inches (15 cm) long, about twice as long as the bird's body, with a shiny rainbow "racket" at the top. "Males are spinning wildly in front of potential mates."
The geometry of the courtship location of the "phantom bachelor" pad creates a unified illusion: when a female bowerbird watches the court from the mall, all the court items look the same size. (L.A.Kelly) As we all know, bowerbirds build exquisite buildings to attract women's interest, and even decorate a row of colorful objects in their pavilions, which seem to be selected and displayed to cater to their aesthetic interests. The researchers found that the single mat of the male bowerbird was constructed in this way. When the male bird stands in front of the mat, scientists wrote in a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in 20 12 that when women look at him from the outside, he looks bigger and more dignified.
The birds that create the most successful hallucinations are most popular with women and most likely to match them.
Colin Robert Vardell/Shutterstock In order to impress their spouses, male mice will sing unique high-pitched songs and make sounds within the ultrasonic range. According to a study published in Journal of Contemporary Biology 20 16, they produce these whistles which are completely different from normal communication by forming air flow feedback loops in trachea and throat. Scientists discovered this mechanism by shooting high-speed videos of mice's throats, capturing 654.38+ million frames per second.
Although this technique may be impressive, female rats are very picky about their favorite songs; They like different songs sung by relatives and friends. According to an early study published in the journal PLoS Synthesis in February 20 14,
Invisible Tap Dance A male red-cheeked bluebird performs mating "tap dance" to attract the girl next to him to life. (OTA Nao. The recent high-speed video shows a mating dance of songbirds, in which a songbird slaps their feet so fast that their movements are invisible to the naked eye.
Blue-crested bluebirds-both male and female-know that they shake their heads and sing to each other when courting, but a study published in Science Report 20 15 captured the sound of their toes tapping for the first time-scientists found that if birds live with their future partners, their feet will tap faster.
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