(2) Legalist school; Reason: Legalists advocate political innovation and attach importance to the role of criminal law, which meets the needs of the country from division to unity and strengthening centralization. ?
(3) Reason: Taoism advocates quietism, and the social economy was depressed in the early dynasty. The rulers ruled the country with the idea of inaction and implemented the policy of land to the tiller, which was conducive to economic recovery and development.
(4) Reason: Confucianism emphasizes people-oriented, advocates the maintenance of traditional social etiquette and legal order, and at the same time internalizes external social norms into conscious requirements and serves the rule of reality, so it can become the true nature of traditional culture. Attitude: Today, we should not only inherit the essence of Confucian culture and Confucianism, such as strengthening personal moral cultivation, national integrity and paying attention to social responsibility. We should also get rid of the dross, such as the division between monarch and minister, gender inequality, autocracy and so on.
Material 1 advocates "rule by virtue" as Confucius' viewpoint, material 2 advocates "inaction" as Laozi's viewpoint, material 3 advocates "universal love" and "inviolability" as Mozi's viewpoint, and material 4 advocates "severe punishment and severe punishment" as Han Feizi's viewpoint. This topic mainly examines students' understanding of a hundred schools of thought contend. The key is to thoroughly understand the content of the textbook and use it flexibly on this basis.