1. Evacuation concealment configuration
Modern battlefield environment requires tank soldiers to evacuate properly when performing their tasks. Before the attack, tank troops are usually deployed in areas that are easy to maneuver and hide in depth, and the evacuation degree is limited to reducing fire casualties and timely concentration. Its distribution area is about 500 square kilometers below the division, 50 square kilometers below the regiment and 4~5 square kilometers below the battalion. The distance between the deployment area and the other side should be able to avoid the killing of its long-range artillery fire. Generally speaking, the assembly area of the tank division is 40~60 kilometers away from the front of the other side, depending on the situation at that time.
In defensive operations, armored vehicles such as tanks should make full use of favorable positions and evacuate the anti-inclined planes deployed in fortifications or highlands. As the second echelon or reserve, the tank troops should also avoid the enemy's main attack direction and deploy in the bunker on the flank to reduce all kinds of fire damage.
In addition to making full use of natural conditions, the tank troops in the deployment area are concealed. Usually, strict technical camouflage and deception measures are taken, and anti-reconnaissance and all protective measures are actively taken to reduce the probability of being discovered by the enemy. No matter in the assembly area or in the occupied position, the tank forces should complete the preparatory work as soon as possible. Tank troops have complex equipment, strong technology, rich combat readiness and high conditions, and it is required to highlight the word "fast". When the task requires, even if you are not well prepared, you should go into battle on time.
2. Fast and flexible
Because the modern battlefield is vast and the situation is changing rapidly, the style of military operations is complex and changeable. Therefore, the rapid, flexible and flexible use of power at key time and place will become an important factor in winning the initiative to maintain the battlefield.
The history of armored forces proves that only by intensive use of tanks in maneuvering can its power be best exerted. In World War II, Germany took the tank troops as a quick assault group, and carried out the assault in a quick and mobile way, with remarkable results, which made other troops sit up and take notice.
Later, the Soviet army followed the example of the German army and organized the tank troops into a rapid cluster, which quickly developed the tactical breakthrough into a battle breakthrough and greatly accelerated the battle process. The Soviet army regarded it as a successful experience in using tank soldiers. After the war, due to the improvement of the mobility of tanks and other supporting vehicles, it opened up a broad prospect for mobile operations. So this principle applies not only to offense, but also to defense. Simultaneous campaign and tactics is a basic principle of armored tactics.
The maneuver of armored forces is reflected in the whole process of fighting, but there are different action methods in different stages. Before the attack, the tank forces usually make use of poor visibility and other conditions to make rapid maneuvers in multiple main attack directions and echelons, so as to get close to the enemy front in a short time; After the breakthrough, quickly use the victory or weak defense part of the first echelon to maneuver troops in the direction of smooth development and expand the results; In deep combat, circuitous and circuitous ways should be widely used to bypass the enemy's strong support points, quickly overcome all kinds of obstacles, make a high-speed dash to the enemy's rear, cut off the enemy's retreat and surround the enemy.
In defensive operations, tank units should maneuver in the main attack direction, launch a resolute counterattack to the enemy's wings from the March, or maneuver to favorable terrain to assist the first echelon in defense; Sometimes only mobile firepower is used to kill the enemy. When the enemy is airborne, he should quickly maneuver to the airborne area before his landing is unstable, and annihilate the enemy in one fell swoop.
Pay attention to sudden attacks
Concentrated surprise attack is an important tactical principle of armored forces, and the basis of this principle is concentration. It can be said that the operational history of armored forces is a history of concentrated use. This principle was best used by the Soviet army in World War II. In many battles of World War II, Soviet troops often concentrated more than 80% tanks in the main attack direction, and the density of tanks and self-propelled artillery reached more than 30 vehicles per kilometer in the breakthrough area.
The methods of centralized use include: using force weapons in the main attack direction at key time and place, appropriately reducing the front and depth of tank troops and giving more reinforcements; It is required to concentrate on attacking the key and weak parts of the enemy or the target that poses the greatest threat to the tank when attacking; When defending, we should focus on fortifications and control the surface from point to point, which poses the greatest threat to the enemy in important directions. In order to implement the principle of concentration and sudden attack, we should grasp:
First, choose the space that is conducive to the concentration of troops, mainly the road that is conducive to the movement of tank troops to concentrated areas; Areas with concentrated forces should be convenient for the use of tank tactics, mainly referring to the weak parts of the enemy, and sometimes they can be selected in areas with complex terrain and weak enemy tanks.
Second, correctly grasp the timing of concentrating troops. The modern battlefield situation is complex and changeable, and fighters are fleeting. It is neither early nor late to demand a concentrated surprise attack, which will bring disadvantages. Commanders at all levels must master the battlefield situation, accurately concentrate their troops where they are needed, and achieve the goal of preemptive strike.
Third, in order to achieve a concentrated and sudden attack, generally only a short and violent artillery attack is carried out, and the tank troops form a battle formation from the March and attack the enemy quickly. After completing the task, we should quickly disperse, do not forget to disperse when we concentrate, and do not forget to concentrate when we disperse, and skillfully combine the two.
4. Close cooperation
Under modern conditions, the defense of tanks has risen to the primary position, and armored forces should cooperate closely with other services in combat. When carrying out tasks independently, tank forces organize and cooperate with tanks as the main organization, give full play to the specialties of various services, and jointly suppress and destroy various enemy anti-tank weapons, especially anti-tank missiles and helicopter gunships, and overcome anti-tank minefields and other obstacles. Tank troops should make full use of the killing effect of various firepower to destroy the enemy with fast power and fierce firepower.
5. Organize timely protection
The equipment of tank forces determines the important role of technical and logistical support. With the change of battlefield conditions, technical support plays an important role in the tactical principles of armored forces. In the battle, tank forces usually need to weave perfect technical support institutions and organize mobile repair teams with comprehensive capabilities, including tank technical support command post, tank emergency repair station, tank equipment support station and tank mobile rescue repair team. Together with the combat tank forces, these detachments repaired the damaged tanks in time. Logistics support institutions should replenish oil and ammunition in time through comprehensive loading, multi-batch delivery, lowering the replenishment level, etc., and if necessary, they can also take air replenishment measures to ensure the continuous operation of tank troops.
-Quoted from "World Military Encyclopedia Operational Strategy" by China Environmental Science Press.