(1) Material use
Bamboo stalks of Phyllostachys pubescens are tall, straight, tough, light, strong, divisible, small in shrinkage, good in elasticity and rigidity, high in hardness, long in fiber, excellent in texture, smooth and bright, and bamboo is widely used in various engineering fields and all aspects of people's daily life. Not only the original bamboo can be used as beams, columns, rafters, sandalwood and walls, but also its bamboo processing can be used to make various farm tools, tools, furniture, stationery, sports equipment, musical instrument materials, daily utensils, arts and crafts, tourist crafts crystals, toys, tableware, decorations and gadgets. Bamboo products can be described as all-encompassing, various and complete. In particular, the development and application of new bamboo artificial building materials by using modern high-tech advanced equipment and new technology is a technological revolution in bamboo utilization and opens up a new situation for bamboo to enter the industrial field. [2]
(2) Edible
In the modern world where industrial pollution is becoming more and more serious, people's demand for natural food is increasing day by day, and green food is favored. Phyllostachys pubescens is the best pollution-free green food. Bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys pubescens, edible fungi of dictyophora cultivated by Phyllostachys pubescens, and a series of beverage products developed by using bamboo juice extracted from bamboo stalks and extracts extracted from bamboo leaves are all nutritious foods. Bamboo shoots are called bamboo shoots, bamboo embryos, bamboo shoots and bamboo meat in ancient times, which are divided into winter bamboo shoots, spring bamboo shoots and whip bamboo shoots, with winter bamboo shoots being the best. Bamboo shoots are rich in protein and edible cellulose, as well as vitamins, iron, calcium, phosphorus and other mineral nutrients, sugars and fats, among which the protein content is as high as 15.23%, the cellulose content is about 6-8%, and the fat content is only 2.46% lower than that of ordinary foods. Protein contained in bamboo shoots can be hydrolyzed to obtain 18 amino acids, of which 8 amino acids are necessary for human body and 2 amino acids are half of what human body needs. Bamboo shoots are not only nutritious, but also crispy and delicious. In particular, bamboo winter bamboo shoots enjoy the reputation of "the first bamboo shoot in the world". Bamboo shoots are traditional dishes and health food in China. In ancient China, there was a saying, "Nothing can be done without bamboo shoots", which shows that bamboo shoots are also delicacies and treasures at court banquets in past dynasties. Bamboo shoots have developed and processed a variety of bamboo shoot series foods, such as dried bamboo shoots, shredded bamboo shoots, smoked bamboo shoots, sour bamboo shoots, bright bamboo shoots, canned bamboo shoots, salted bamboo shoots and fresh-keeping convenient bamboo shoots. The edible fungi of dictyophora indusiata cultivated in bamboo forest have crisp texture and high nutritional value. Whether it is roasted, fried, braised, roasted, brewed, stewed, rinsed or made into soup, it is delicious and refreshing, with rich aroma and unique flavor. They have always been one of the precious delicacies in state banquets and high-end banquets. Dictyophora dictyophora contains high protein, multivitamins, heteropolysaccharide components and various mineral micronutrients, and is rich in nutrition, especially its protein accounts for 13- 17% of the total dry matter, and contains 2 1 amino acids. Dictyophora dictyophora is one of the most amino acids in edible fungi, which exists in the form of bacterial protein, so it is processed and cooked. The contents of eight essential amino acids are very high, accounting for 45-48% of the total amino acids, especially lysine, which is not found in general foods and accounts for 3-4% of the total amino acids. In addition, beverages and alcoholic beverages made from dictyophora indusiata, bamboo juice, bamboo juice, bamboo leaf extract and xylitol extracted from bamboo processing waste are excellent green beverages and ideal health foods. [2]
(3) medical use
The extracts of bamboo shoots, bamboo juice, bamboo juice, bamboo leaves, dictyophora and Phyllostachys pubescens have high medicinal value and high curative effect on many human diseases. Bamboo shoots are slightly cold, sweet and non-toxic, and have the functions of clearing heat and resolving phlegm, detoxicating and penetrating rash, invigorating spleen and benefiting qi, helping digestion and appetizing, lowering blood pressure, preventing arteriosclerosis, beautifying and preventing cancer. Dictyophora dictyophora is cold and sweet, non-toxic, beneficial to the stomach, regulating qi and resolving phlegm, lowering blood pressure, improving human immunity, regulating blood acid and fatty acid of the elderly, and preventing cancer. Can be used for treating septicemia, bacterial enteritis, cough, obesity, hypertension and other diseases caused by high cholesterol. Bamboo leaves, cool and sweet in nature, cool the heart and slow the spleen, resolve phlegm and quench thirst, clear heat and relieve depression, detoxify and clear the stomach. It has the functions of killing insects, causing sores, stopping vomiting and relieving vexation, and can be used for treating wind evil, dysphoria, cough and asthma, vomiting, hematemesis and various apoplexy. Zhuli Zhuru: Cold in nature, sweet in taste and non-toxic, it is a traditional Chinese medicine in China. Bamboo shavings soothe the stomach and relieve vomiting and boredom. Bamboo juice is refined and processed from bamboo juice, which has the effects of removing blood stasis, detoxifying, dredging meridians and cooling and annealing. It is mainly used to treat tendon contracture, perimembranous phlegm, blood stasis and qi stagnation, and meridian block. At the same time, it has the functions of heatstroke prevention, thirst quenching, appetizing and beauty. Bamboo root and bamboo fruit: the root of Phyllostachys pubescens has the functions of quenching thirst, dispersing toxin and tonifying deficiency, and is used for invigorating qi to quench thirst, tonifying deficiency and reducing qi, and sterilizing for medicine. Bamboo is a good nourishing food, which has the effect of clearing heart and benefiting qi. Bamboo leaves and bamboo extracts: They are mainly rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have excellent abilities of scavenging active oxygen free radicals (O2- and oh) and blocking nitrosation reaction, have influence on endogenous antioxidant enzymes in human body, inhibit lipid peroxidation and improve immunity, and have good anti-fatigue, anti-aging and intelligence enhancement effects.
(4) View
Phyllostachys pubescens is evergreen all year round, with tall and straight stems, chic and disdainful, charming in Zhuo Ya and unique in taste. In addition, its ornamental value is also reflected in the dignity of bamboo stems. Moral integrity and noble character; The bamboo pole is strong, tall and straight, indomitable, not afraid of being wrapped in ice and snow, and still maintains its true colors. They are tied to Songmei, just like three friends in the cold. These special values are the inexhaustible source of people's precious spiritual wealth. Throughout the ages, many poets and scholars have been chanting and praising this point. Su Dongpo "would rather eat without meat than live without bamboo". Zheng Banqiao praised that "the green hills are not relaxed, but rooted in the cliffs. Still very difficult, you can choose southwest or northeast. " Mr. Chen Zhi said, "It's quiet around, with jade everywhere. It's done at sunrise, at moonlight, with clear wind and clear rain, clear dew and clear snow. "Consciously scenery deep? If you are weak-willed, you can't live without this gentleman for a day. " Some people are sick loudly, "Jade can be broken without destroying its whiteness, and bamboo can be burned without destroying its festival". Its scenery, Chen Jiru's "Little Window Secretary" contains: "There is bamboo behind the pavilion, and bamboo wants to be sparse; Bamboo has a room and the room wants to be quiet. " Wen Zhenheng's "Long History" describes: "It is advisable to build soil as a ridge, surround the water as a stream, and cross the bridge obliquely. Climb the steep steps and leave a platform for sitting and lying ... just like people in bamboo forests. " Phyllostachys pubescens plays an important role in landscape forest, tourism forest construction and garden decoration. [2]
(5) papermaking
The average chemical composition of Phyllostachys pubescens pulp (1-2-year-old bamboo stalks) is: cellulose 48.0%, lignin 27.2%, pentosan 19.9%, ash 1.3%, SiO 2: 0. 15%, and cold water. Fiber length 1. 1.3-3.76 mm, average length 2.03mm, fiber width 8.9-42.6 mm, average 23.22mm；; The wall-cavity ratio is 6.98 and the length-width ratio is 87.5. Fiber is slender, bamboo wall is thick, length-width ratio is large, and fiber interweaving ability is strong. It is the best raw material for paper pulp among scattered bamboo plants, and it is also an excellent raw material for making high-strength and high-grade household paper. With the increase of bamboo age, the contents of cellulose, multimodal sugar and ash increased. Lignin, silica, cold water extract, benzene alcohol extract and wall-cavity ratio increased. The morphology of cellulose changed little, but the properties of pulp decreased. The chemical properties of pulp forest, low latitude Phyllostachys pubescens is better than high latitude Phyllostachys pubescens, dense bamboo is better than sparse bamboo, and standing bamboo with good site conditions is better than standing bamboo with poor site conditions. Therefore, the management of Phyllostachys pubescens pulp forest should choose plots with good site conditions in suitable latitudes and keep the bamboo standing degree in a reasonable state.
The processing residues of tender bamboo shoots and bamboo shoots contain high crude protein, low crude fat and little crude fiber, and the feeding value is not much different from that of ordinary grass, and the water content is high. They can be directly used in the daily feed of livestock and can also be made into silage after adding preservatives. Bamboo processing residues (sawdust, bamboo chips, etc. ) crude protein, crude fat and crude ash are low, and crude fiber is high, which is difficult for domestic animals to digest and utilize, and can be directly used as feed. However, after ammoniation, the texture becomes loose and soft, and the content of crude protein increases, which can greatly improve the nutritional value of feed and can be used as feed for ruminants.
(7) Soil consolidation and wind prevention
The underground system of Phyllostachys pubescens forest is intertwined and interrelated, forming a whole. There are many bamboo plants on the ground, taking care of each other. Bamboo crown is lush, and afforestation in mountainous areas can greatly reduce runoff, which is an excellent bamboo species for soil and water conservation. Planting along the river bank can stop the flood from washing away. It plays a role in consolidating embankment, shore and road. In addition, planting in front of and behind the house can not only beautify the environment but also have the function of wind protection. [2]
(8) Other uses
Branches of Phyllostachys pubescens can be directly used to weave brooms, other utensils and handicrafts. Bamboo shell can be used as sofa filler, rope material, carpet material, artificial cloth and handicrafts. Sawdust and bamboo chips can be used to press molded products.