Vienna, the capital of Austria, is a world-famous city, located in the Vienna basin at the northern foot of the Alps in the northeast of Austria, surrounded by mountains on three sides, and the Danube River passes through the city, surrounded by the famous Vienna forest. The population is 654.38+563 million (2000).

The Romans built castles here in the 1 th century. 1 137 is the first city in Austria. /kloc-at the end of 0/3, with the rise and rapid development of the Habsburg royal family, magnificent Gothic buildings have sprung up like mushrooms after rain. /kloc-After the 5th century, it became the capital of the Holy Roman Empire and the economic center of Europe. /kloc-In the 8th century, Maria Tilesia and her son were keen on reform, attacking church forces, promoting social progress, and at the same time bringing prosperity to art, making Vienna gradually become the center of European classical music and gaining the reputation of "Music City".

Vienna is known as the "Danube Goddess". Beautiful environment and charming scenery. Climbing to the foothills of the Alps in the west of the city, you can have a panoramic view of the undulating "Vienna Forest"; The east of the city faces the Danube Basin and overlooks the shining green peaks of Carpathian Mountain. The vast grassland in the north is like a huge green brocade, and the blue Danube winds through it. The house is built on the mountain, with thick buildings and distinct layers. From a distance, various styles of church buildings cast an ancient and solemn color on this city with green mountains and clear waters. The streets in the city are radial rings with a width of 50 meters, the inner city is in the ring road, and the trees on both sides of the boulevard cover the sky. The cobblestone streets in the inner city crisscross, and there are few high-rise buildings, mostly baroque, Gothic and Romanesque buildings. The spires of St. Stefan's Cathedral and the Twin Towers in the Middle Ages are towering into the sky, and its south tower is 138 meters high, overlooking the whole city. On both sides of the ring road are important buildings such as museums, city halls, parliaments, universities and the National Opera House. There is an intermediate layer between the circular road and another parallel circular road, with a commercial area, a residential area, a palace and a church in the middle. Outside the second ring road is the outer layer, and there are elegant parks, beautiful villas and other palace buildings in the west of the city. Among these numerous palaces, Schon Blom Palace, located in the southwest of the city, stands out as a relic of the prosperous period in Austrian history. Located in the southeast of the city, this "beautiful palace" was built by Emperor prinz eugen in the early 8th century A.D./KLOC-0 to resist the Turkish invasion.

The name of Vienna is always associated with music. Many great musicians, such as Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, johann strauss and his sons Gluck and Brahms, have spent many years here. Haydn's Emperor Quartet, Mozart's The Wedding of Figaro, Beethoven's Symphony of Destiny, Pastoral Symphony, Moonlight Sonata, Heroic Symphony, Schubert's Swan Song, Winter Journey, johann strauss's The Blue Danube and The Story of the Vienna Forest were all born here. Their statues stand in many parks and squares, and many streets, auditoriums and conference halls are named after these musicians. The former residence and cemetery of musicians are visited and mourned by people all the year round. Today, Vienna has the most luxurious national opera house, famous concert hall and first-class symphony orchestra in the world. Every June 65438+1 October1holds a new year concert in the golden hall of Vienna Music Friends Association.

Besides new york and Geneva, Vienna is the third United Nations city. Austria International Center, also known as "United Nations City", which was built in 1979, is magnificent and is the concentration place of many United Nations agencies. It was once the seat of the central institution of the Habsburg dynasty that ruled Europe for a long time; 18 14 Austrian prime minister and foreign minister metternich showed the political power of intrigue at the protracted Vienna conference; 18 15 The emperors of Russia, the United States and Austria concluded the so-called "holy alliance" in order to put out the bourgeois revolution; Under the influence of the European Revolution in 1848, the barricade war broke out in Vienna, and metternich fled to London. 1867 became the capital of Austria-Hungary, the European overlord; In the early 1930s, Hitler became the leader of Nazi Germany, and in March 1938, he led his troops into Vienna, thus starting the Second World War. During the war, the whole city was bombed 53 times in turn, and many classical buildings were destroyed. 1955 In May, the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain, France and Austria signed the Treaty on Rebuilding an Independent and Democratic Austria in the "Beautiful Palace" conference hall, thus ending the occupation of the four countries for 10 years; 195510 June 16, the Austrian parliament declared the constitutional law "permanently neutral", and this day was designated as the National Day.

Austria is called "the heart of Europe" and Vienna is "the heart of the heart". Vienna has been a transportation hub connecting East and West Europe since ancient times and an important passage between the Baltic Sea and the Adriatic Sea.