The prevalence of chronic cholecystitis in middle-aged and elderly people is very high, and a very small number of patients with recurrent cholecystitis and persistent lesions need to be alert to cancer. From the perspective of the pathogenesis, long-term chronic inflammation causes atypical proliferation of gallbladder wall epithelial cells, which means that qualitative changes have occurred. In addition, the stimulation of long-term inflammation can also change the composition of bile and form certain carcinogens such as methyl cholecystitis.

People are concerned about which chronic cholecystitis patients are more likely to become cancerous. Practice shows that the following situations can be classified as high-risk factors: ① Advanced age. The vast majority of patients with chronic cholecystitis becoming cancerous are patients over 60 years old, accounting for about 80% of the total incidence; ② Those with a long course of disease and repeated attacks, the reason is self-evident; ③ Those with stones. Statistics show that the canceration rate of chronic cholecystitis patients with stones is 30 times higher than that of patients without stones, and the more stones, the larger the stone volume, and the higher the canceration rate. For example, the canceration rate of gallbladder stones greater than 3cm in diameter is more than 10 times higher than that of those less than 1cm in diameter. This may be related to the excessive stimulation of the gallbladder wall by excessive stones; ④ those with gallbladder polyps. Some patients originally had gallbladder polyps, but did not pay attention to them because they were asymptomatic. Even if they were diagnosed, they often went untreated. If chronic cholecystitis later occurs, such patients are at a relatively greater risk of cancer; ⑤ Special changes occur in the tissue structure of the gallbladder wall. In some female cholecystitis patients over the age of 65, calcification occurs in the mucosa and muscle layer of the gallbladder wall in the final stage of the disease, forming a so-called porcelain bottle-like gallbladder, with a cancer rate of more than 20%.

Because the onset of gallbladder cancer is very insidious, there may be no symptoms in the early stages and it is easily ignored. Therefore, raising prevention awareness is crucial. Anyone who has been diagnosed with chronic cholecystitis and belongs to the above high-risk groups is best to undergo regular B-ultrasound examinations. The advantage is that it is simple, non-invasive, painless, and has clear images. If there is any doubt or uncertainty, the doctor can choose more advanced methods for examination. Of course, complete cure of cholecystitis is the most active measure. In daily life, we should establish good eating habits, eat less fatty foods, quit smoking and drinking, and control our weight.

Gallbladder cancer is a rare disease. Among patients with long-term chronic cholecystitis, the incidence rate is only 1% to 3%, so there is no need to panic, but attention should be paid.