The annual Dragon Boat Festival, Dragon Boat Qi Fei, has been regarded as a favorite activity in our school. The following is an essay about the custom of Dragon Boat Festival in Guangxi. I hope everyone will study hard!
Legend of Zhuang nationality crossing the river on Dragon Boat Festival
One: According to legend, there was a great famine in ancient times, and the world was Wang Yang. Only a man and a woman hold a magic pumpkin floating on the water to avoid being killed. After the flood, there are only men and women left in the whole world. After they went ashore, they began to live again and reproduce human beings. Later modern people regarded these two men as the ancestors of mankind. This version is the official version at present, and many people who come from other places to "cross the river" are familiar with this story.
Secondly, it originated in memory of the great patriotic poet Qu Yuan. The reason is that the statement of commemorating Qu Yuan and the statement of crossing the river are strikingly consistent in time and manner. Therefore, through the oral spread of local residents, the Dragon Boat Festival crossed the river to commemorate the patriotic poet who fell into the water and died. This version is widely circulated in Lisan Town, Shanglin County, Guangxi.
Third: this version is relatively rare, and even Li Sanren rarely knows it. This legend is a combination of Pangu and historical stories. In ancient times, after the chaos was broken, three brothers, Thor, Wang Hailong and Buluotuo, were born. Later, Thor fought against Bubo, the ancestor of Zhuang nationality. Bubo caught Thor in the henhouse and wanted to buy a knife to kill Thor in the street. Before Bubo left, he told his two children, the Pangu brothers and sisters, not to give anything containing water to Thor, or Thor would take back his skills. After Bubo left, Thor tricked the Pangu brothers and sisters into asking for water, but because their father refused, they refused. Then Thor asked Pangu's brothers and sisters for pig food, but was refused with water-containing pig food. Finally, Thor asked Pangu brothers and sisters for straw and sucked a pool of water beside him. After my skills were restored, I broke out of the chicken coop. Before Raytheon left, he planted a front tooth for Pangu brothers and sisters, and what he got could save his life. After Lei Gong left, Pangu's brother and sister planted Raytheon's teeth, but a gourd grew. After the death of Raytheon, the land of Zhuang nationality was flooded in retaliation for Bubo. Halfway through the flood, Thor dropped a foot from the sky to explore the water depth, and Buber cut it off with a knife. Thor had to cut off a chicken foot and put it on. Therefore, in the temples of the Zhuang nationality, the image of Thor is like this: one foot is a chicken foot and only one front tooth. In the master dance of Raytheon, Raytheon has been repeating a kind of street dance, which is also derived from this legend. This time, the land of the Zhuang nationality was flooded, and most of the ancestors of the Zhuang nationality died, while Pangu brothers and sisters hid in the gourd and escaped this robbery. After oral spread and changes among the people, the' big gourd' in the hands of Pangu brothers and sisters became a golden pumpkin symbolizing wealth.
The custom of "crossing the river" in Zhuang nationality's Dragon Boat Festival
The Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the biggest traditional festival in China. In Li San Town, Shanglin, Guangxi, there is a different kind of excitement. Every household gathered by the clear river to celebrate the local folk activity "Du He Gong", which was originally called Du He Gong or "Du He Gong" according to Lisan dialect. This folk custom was formed in the Ming Dynasty and has a history of 400 years.
On this night of the lunar calendar every year, men, women and children spontaneously flock to Huishui River, a small river in the south of Lisan. A large-scale "crossing the river" activity was held on both sides of Huishui Bridge, where the east-west rivers meet. Every year on the first day of the fifth lunar month, the girls in Lisan Town get together, sing folk songs and do "crossing the river".
Until now, every year on the Dragon Boat Festival night on the fifth day of May, men, women and children in the village are still chanting and praying, while wrapping the prepared "crossing the river" around the child's neck and hanging it on the child's navel with red or yellow silk thread, because "Ai Xiang" has the functions of exorcism, earthquake suppression and analgesia, which can protect the child's well-being. Or put "Duke of Du He" and the son of Brown on the boat, light red candles and drift along the river, let the small river lanterns take away the misfortunes and sorrows of the years, and the villagers pray together: the family is happy and healthy, and the motherland is prosperous.
The prototype is a pumpkin-shaped palace with no face, black heads and no folds. In the process of development, Du Hegong, who has no face and blackheads, was added with an innocent smile and delicate braids by the producers, making some dark images of Du Hegong instantly smart and lovely.
Making Du He gongs is a Zhuang folk custom that spreads in Lisan Town, Shanglin County, Guangxi. The Duke of Du He sewed and embroidered a little man in cloth with various colors. Cloth man dressed in Ming dynasty, little cloth man holding a golden pumpkin in his arms.
The production of "Duhegong" is purely handmade, and the fabrics are mostly cloth. "Pumpkin" is filled with dried wormwood, angelica dahurica, atractylodes rhizome and other Chinese herbal medicines, so smelling the faint fragrance of wormwood in Du Hegong can make people feel refreshed. People make "crossing the river" to express their desire to remember their ancestors, save lives, keep safe and avoid disasters, and pray for good weather and prosperity in the future.
Extended content: Dragon Boat Festival custom of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi.
Every year on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, the Zhuang people in most areas celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival. On this day, Zhuang people wrap all kinds of zongzi with glutinous rice, cook them and eat them themselves. Some places throw some into the river to show their respect for the poet Qu Yuan. In some places, there are various regulations, such as: no meat on this day, only cold zongzi to show filial piety to Qu Yuan; In some places, they didn't shave their heads that month as a sign of filial piety. Some spray realgar wine around the house, saying it can ward off evil spirits; Others drink realgar wine, or take a bath with realgar wine, indicating disaster relief; In some areas, wormwood, maple leaves or thatch are inserted at the door, saying that it can exorcise evil spirits and so on. The Zhuang people by the river hold a dragon boat race. They use long bamboo rafts to make dragon boats and compete on the river.
On the Dragon Boat Festival, some Zhuang people living in Wenshan, like their ancestors, slaughtered chickens, ducks and fish to pay homage to the great doctor Qu. This custom has lasted for more than two thousand years. Until now, the Zhuang people still deeply miss Dr. Qu who sacrificed for the country and the nation.
According to Sima Qian's Biographies of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng, Qu Yuan was a minister in Chu Huaiwang during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. He advocated training talents, empowering Qiang Bing to become a rich country, and urged him to unite with Qian Qin. However, he was strongly opposed by Zi Lan, a noble of Chu, and was expelled from the capital and exiled to the Yuan and Xiang river basins. During his exile, he wrote Li Sao, worrying about the country and the people.
In the 21st year of King Xiang of Chu (278 BC), the capital of Chu was destroyed by Qiang Qin. When Qu Yuan saw that his country was invaded by foreign enemies, he was furious and his heart ached. On May 5th, he threw a stone at Guluo River and killed himself. It is said that after the death of Qu Yuan, the people of Chu were very sad and flocked to the Guluo River to pay tribute to Dr Qu. The fishermen rowed the boat and fished back and forth on the river for Dr. Qu's body. An old man took out the rice balls and eggs to commemorate Dr. Qu and threw them into the river, saying that the ichthyosaurs, shrimps and crabs in the water would not bite Dr. Qu when they were full. An old doctor took out an altar of yellow wine and poured it into the river, saying that it was to let the medicinal liquor stun the dragon water beast in the river so as not to hurt Dr. Qu's body. Later, for fear that rice balls would be eaten by dragons, people came up with the idea of wrapping rice with neem leaves and wrapping colored silk around the rice to make it develop into brown seeds. After that, on the fifth day of May every year, there is the custom of dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine. In memory of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.
What is the relationship between Dragon Boat Festival and Zhuang nationality? We must start with Qiao Zhuang. First of all, Qu Yuan and Zhuang Qiang are both Baiyue people, that is, the ancestors of Zhuang people today. In 299 BC, Zhuang Zao was ruled by the land because he didn't cede the eastern land to Qi State. Qu Yuan was regarded as an accomplice of Zhuang Zao because he opposed Chu's ceding the eastern land to Qi State, which angered the king of Chu and was exiled by resignation. Although there is no direct connection between Zhuang Qiang and Qu Yuan in historical materials, it can be seen from his acceptance of Qing Xiang, the king of Chu, after Qu Yuan's death that Zhuang Qiang was influenced by Qu Yuan's thought. In the twenty-first year of King Xiang of Chu (278 BC), Kyoto, the State of Chu, was captured by the State of Qin, and Qu Yuan threw himself into the river with grief and indignation. It was also because of Qu Yuan's patriotism that Zhuang Qiang decided to return to Chu. He was willing to accept the favor of King Xiang of Chu and vowed to defend Chu.
After the battle of hanging sand, Zhuang jumped to the east to oppose the autonomy of Chu State and become an enemy of Chu State. Qu Yuan, a Chu native, missed the former unification situation very much, and the battle of hanging sand tore Chu apart, which was the last thing Qu Yuan wanted to see, so Qu Yuan did not write about Zhuang jumping out of Chu autonomy out of "taboo". In his later years, Qu Yuan drifted from place to place in the Yuanxiang Valley, devoted himself to serving the country. But in the end, the country was torn apart and ruined. Qu Yuan's patriotism deeply touched Zhuang Zhao's patriotism and saving the country. This is why Qiao Zhuang accepted the kindness of Qing Xiang, the king of Chu, after Qu Yuan's death.
According to historical records, in the middle and late Warring States Period, in the 19th year of Qing Xiang, King of Chu (276 BC), Zhuang and Qiang arrived in Dianchi Lake. When Zhuang Qiang and Qin competed for Chuba and Qianzhong County, the road was cut off by Qin State, so he had to lead his people back to their hometown in Dianchi Lake and destroy Yelang State. Then Wang Dian established Dian State and began his history of ruling Dianchi Lake.
In the second year of Liang Wudi Yuanfeng (BC 109), Liang Wudi conquered Yunnan and established Yizhou County. Later, the last king of Yunnan was killed because of many civil strife. After the victory of Dian, most Dian people became trophies or prisoners of war and were forced to move south. Some of them arrived in western Guangxi and some in Wenshan, Yunnan, where they merged or lived with local aborigines and became ancestors of Zhuang people.
Now the Dragon Boat Festival has been included in the world intangible cultural heritage by the United Nations. As the descendants of Baiyue nationality, while we are gratified, we have a heavier responsibility to carry forward and inherit the Dragon Boat Festival culture and Baiyue culture, so that the descendants of Zhuang nationality can remember everything left by our ancestors!
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