Su Shi: Northern Song Dynasty writer, calligrapher and painter, one of the Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasty, also named Zizhan, also named Hezhong, also known as Tieguan Taoist, Dongpo layman, known as Su Dongpo and Su Xian in the world, Han nationality, Mei A native of Meishan, Hebei Province, his ancestral home is Luancheng, Hebei Province. He is a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the second year of Jiayou's reign, Su Shi passed the imperial examination. During the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, he served in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places.

Representative of the Bold Ci School. Together with his father Su Xun and his younger brother Su Zhe, he is known as the third Su among the eight great families of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Su Shi was Su Xun's second son (Su Xun's eldest son died in infancy). In 1057 (the second year of Jiayou), he and his younger brother Su Zhe were promoted to Jinshi. One of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. "Drinking on the Lake at First Sunny and Later Rain" is an ancient poem describing the West Lake that no one can surpass.

Su Shi has more than 2,700 poems in existence. His poems are broad in content and diverse in style. They are mainly bold and unrestrained. His writing is vigorous and varied, with a romantic color, which paved the way for the development of Song poetry. new path.

Su Shi occupies a special position in the history of Chinese poetry. He expanded the spirit of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty to the field of Ci, swept away the traditional Ci style since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and created the bold and unrestrained school that stood side by side with the Graceful School. He expanded the subject matter of Ci, enriched the artistic conception of Ci, and broke through the It broke the boundaries of poetry in Shizhuang and made a significant contribution to the innovation and development of poetry.

In terms of subject matter, the early works mainly reflected Su Shi's "specific political worries", while the later works focused on the "broad worries of life", hating evil as much as hatred, and encountering evil.

Su Shi's style of poetry can be divided into three categories:

1. Bold style: This is the ideal style that Su Shi deliberately pursued. He integrates abundant, passionate and even slightly sad emotions into his words, and writes portraits with generous and heroic images and grand and majestic scenes. ?

2. Broad-minded style: This is the style of poetry that best represents Su Shi's thoughts and personality. It expresses the poet's desire to live in seclusion, avoid troubled times, and look forward to peace. ?

3. Graceful style: The number of Su Shi’s graceful words accounts for an overwhelming proportion of the total number of his words. These words are pure and profound in emotion, healthy and lofty in style, and are also an inheritance of traditional graceful words. And development.

Extended information:

Su Shi’s evaluation:

Su Shi has achieved extremely high attainments in literature, poetry and Ci, which can be called the highest achievement of Song Dynasty literature. representative. Moreover, Su Shi's creative activities were not limited to literature. He made outstanding achievements in calligraphy, painting and other fields, and also contributed to medicine, cooking, water conservancy and other skills. Su Shi typically embodies the cultural spirit of the Song Dynasty.

Secondly, Su Shi’s aesthetic attitude provided an enlightening aesthetic paradigm for future generations. He embraced the world with a broad aesthetic vision, so everything is appreciable and beauty can be found everywhere. . This paradigm opened up a new world for future generations in terms of subject matter, content and expression techniques. Therefore, it is a historical necessity that Su Shi is universally loved by future generations of literati.

Su Shi enjoyed a huge reputation in the literary world at that time. He inherited Ouyang Xiu's spirit and attached great importance to discovering and cultivating literary talents. At that time, there were many young writers surrounding him like stars over the moon. Among them, Huang Tingjian, Zhang Lei, Chao Buzhi and Qin Guan, who had greater achievements, were collectively known as the "Four Scholars of the Su School".

In the minds of later generations of literati, Su Shi was a talented literary master, and people rushed to draw nourishment from Su Shi's works. During the era of confrontation between the Jin Kingdom and the Southern Song Dynasty, Su Shi had a profound influence on both the north and the south. Su poetry not only influenced the poetry of the Song Dynasty, but also provided important inspiration to the Gong'an School poets in the Ming Dynasty and the Song Poetry School poets in the early Qing Dynasty.

Su Shi’s spirit of liberating the style of poetry was directly inherited by the Xin School of poets in the Southern Song Dynasty, forming a bold and unrestrained style of poetry that was as equal to the graceful style of poetry. Its influence has been felt by Chen Weisong and others in the Qing Dynasty. Su Shi's prose, especially his sketches, is the artistic origin of the Gong'an school of prose in the Ming Dynasty, which advocated independent expression of one's soul. The influence of Su Wen can still be seen in the prose of Yuan Mei and Zheng Xie in the Qing Dynasty.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Su Shi