The country has been in a prosperous scene since the founding of Emperor Li Yuan in the Tang Dynasty. In the prosperous period of Kaiyuan, the Tang Dynasty entered its heyday. The people lived and worked in peace and contentment, and the political, economic and cultural development reached the peak of feudal society. Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, was an international metropolis at that time, with many shops and bustling Chang 'an Avenue. What's hot on TV recently? Twelve o'clock in Chang 'an? Describing the prosperity of Chang 'an City in great detail, the people made up their faces, walked the streets, ate various special snacks, enjoyed lanterns and visited Chang 'an Night Market. There must be a question in many people's hearts. What was the diet life of the Tang people in the prosperous period? Did the Tang Dynasty have various special snacks, as introduced in the TV series? Let's explore what the diet life of real people is like in history!

Foreword: The diet life of ordinary people is closely related to social development, economy and culture. Whether Chang 'an, as the imperial capital of the Tang Dynasty, is prosperous or not, and whether the people live and work in peace and contentment, we have to start with the most basic food, clothing, housing, transportation and diet life of ordinary people, and see what they usually eat, and whether they eat all kinds of special snacks as introduced in TV dramas.

First, the main staple foods of Chang 'an residents in the Tang Dynasty were introduced, as well as some staple food practices

According to historical records, the main staple foods of Chang 'an people in the Tang Dynasty were rice, wheat, millet, millet, etc., and even the ordinary people could not afford rice during the prosperous period of the Tang Dynasty, but among the bureaucratic gentry, rice has become their staple food, and the staple foods of ordinary people can only be wheat flour and millet.

Here, we mainly introduce the wheat millet commonly eaten by ordinary people and the rice generally eaten only by bureaucrats and nobles:

1. At first, due to the shortage of rice supply, a large amount of rice had to be transported by water from the rich land in the south of the Yangtze River. In the Tang Xuanzong period, considering the long distance of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the problem of rice quality preservation, people were encouraged to plant it widely near Chang 'an. Because of the flat land in Guanzhong Plain and the introduction and popularization of rice planting technology in the south of the Yangtze River. Du Fu's poem "Reminiscence" says:? Recalling the heyday of Kaiyuan in the past, there were still thousands of families in the small town, and the rice was fat and the millet was white, and the public and private warehouses were rich? On the one hand, the poem describes the flourishing age of the Tang Dynasty, on the other hand, it describes the filling of rice and grain. The Tang government has expressly stipulated that Tang Yipin's official rice is 7 stones, and when it comes to Jiupin's official rice, it is 3 stones. These rice are continuously supplied to the upper-level bureaucratic aristocratic families in the Tang Dynasty. They cooked the rice, which is what we see now. Some even added some other grains to cook it into nutrition porridge. Rice and nutrition porridge became the daily staple food of the upper-level bureaucratic nobles.

2. Wheat flour and millet. Because the cultivation of wheat millet was very common in the Tang Dynasty, wheat liked cold and drought tolerance, so the yield was extremely high. Therefore, wheat millet was the staple food that ordinary people could eat every day. The people ground wheat into flour and made it into various cakes such as flour cakes, vegetable cakes and Hu cakes, which became the daily staple food on the table of the people. ? Twelve o'clock in Chang 'an? As you can see in the TV series, the Tang army commander Cui Qi has two iconic things, two small hammers and big cakes. In other words, bread has become the mainstream food among ordinary people.

3. Ordinary people don't just use wheat flour to make flour cakes as their staple food, but people make wheat flour into noodles, and even make steamed bread and make wonton. There is nothing to cook noodles in people's families, and steaming steamed bread as food is also very common. In the Tang Dynasty, the custom of eating longevity noodles on birthdays has appeared. According to "Guessing Miscellaneous Notes"? Many people in the Tang Dynasty have soup cakes on their birthdays. What is the so-called longevity noodle? .

Second, the main non-staple foods of Chang 'an residents in the Tang Dynasty

After talking about the staple foods that people's families and bureaucrats and aristocrats eat every day, we can know that people in the Tang Dynasty have been like us, and the staple foods have been mainly rice, noodles, flour cakes and steamed bread. But many people have to ask again, so, what do the Tang people eat as non-staple food? Also with? Twelve o'clock in Chang 'an? As in the TV series, in the busy streets of Chang 'an, we roast mutton kebabs, drink and eat meat?

In fact, it is very close to the TV series. In the Tang Dynasty, it was very common for Chang 'an residents to eat meat and vegetables. There were also special meat shops in Chang 'an market, which mainly sold mutton, pork and beef. You should know that Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, is close to the northwest, so there are many ethnic minorities in the northwest. Therefore, people generally prefer meat, especially mutton. Ordinary people like to eat mutton, and officials and nobles also like to eat mutton. Like rice rationing, mutton is also rationed in detail here by bureaucrats and nobles, for example: From the prince down to the second grade officer, the third grade officer supplies 2 sheep per month, and the fourth grade officer supplies 12 sheep per month, and the fourth grade officer supplies 9 sheep per month? .

In addition to eating pork, mutton and beef, the people in Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty also liked vegetables very much. As mentioned above, there were many vegetable shops in Chang 'an market, and the supply of vegetables was very rich. As can be seen in this document, there are many varieties, such as lotus root, wax gourd, radish, lettuce, celery, Artemisia, lettuce, etc. Lettuce, called by the Tang Dynasty? Thousand-dollar dish? , history? The envoys of the bone kingdom came to Han, and the Sui people got the kind of vegetables, and they were paid very well. . Third, was Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty really full of shops and all kinds of snacks on the street?

There were three buildings in Chang 'an City in the Tang Dynasty: Miyagi was in the center of the north, which was the residence of the emperor and the royal family; the imperial city was in the south of Miyagi, which was bigger than Miyagi and was the place where the government handled affairs; outside Miyagi and the imperial city, Guo Cheng was designed, and commercial areas and residential areas were designed. The business district is divided into two parts, one is called the East Market and the other is called the West Market. During the Tang Dynasty, commercial activities were limited to the east and west cities, and there were also restrictions on time. They opened at sunrise and closed at sunset. With the continuous development of commerce in the Tang Dynasty, there were more and more shops, and gradually, night markets appeared in Chang 'an.

since there is a night market, all kinds of delicious snacks have emerged in the night market. There are all kinds of delicious foods in the market, such as barbecue, meat pie, soup cake, roast mutton and fish fillets. Here are two kinds of common foods:

1. Bread. As mentioned above, wheat is the main staple food of ordinary people's families. Bread made of wheat flour is very popular in Chang 'an, and there are many kinds of bread. According to legend, Zhang Heng, a four-product official in the Wu Zetian period, was hungry after retiring from the DPRK. When he saw someone selling steamed cakes by the roadside, he just came out of the cage and was steaming hot, so he bought a piece to satisfy his hunger. Bai Juyi wrote when he recalled Chang 'an's life at the court in "One Hundred Rhymes of Poems by Assistant Minister Cui Hanlin Qian Sheren in Weicun Retirement Ceremony"? Give cake bait to the court, and give clothes in cold and hot weather? It means that after the end of the Wu dynasty, the lunch prepared by the court for officials was bread, and how popular the bread was at that time.

2. Roasted mutton. Because Chang 'an City is close to the northwest border and there are many ethnic minorities, people in Chang 'an City like to eat mutton very much. People in the Tang Dynasty have many cooking methods to eat mutton, such as frying, steaming and roasting, among which roasted mutton has become their favorite, according to Li He's Song of the Arrow in Changping? The left soul and the right soul are thin, and the cheese bottle will burn the sheep? The popularity of roast mutton can be seen.

conclusion: TV series? Twelve o'clock in Chang 'an? In the description of Chang 'an street, it is possible to admire Yuan lanterns, enjoy Chang 'an night market and eat various special snacks. As the Tang Dynasty is the only country with relatively open economy and culture, Chang 'an, as the capital and the center of economy, politics and culture, has a population of one million. It is possible that Chang 'an in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is prosperous and full of shops, but this luxury is only limited to the upper-class bureaucrats and nobles, the people of rich families, and them. Drinking nutrition porridge and roasting mutton kebabs set off the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, but behind this prosperity, there are all kinds of sadness. What about ordinary people, who eat wheat flour cakes and eat steamed bread better, and almost people can't even eat three meals a day, Du Fu's poem:? Zhumen stinks of wine and meat, and the road has frozen bones? It's not groundless

Text: Love Without Name: Source Network