what language is used in Egypt?

*** language. * * * is not only the official language of Egypt, but also the official language of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Sudan, Libya, Tunisia, Somalia, Djibouti, Mauritania, Comoros, Algeria and Morocco.

Ancient Egypt, ancient Babylon, What words were used in ancient India?

I'm also very interested in the comparison between ancient civilizations. Although I looked at the landlord and asked a lot, in fact, not many people know it. Simply put,

Simple version:

Ancient Egypt: citing the Nile to plant rice, hieroglyphs, pyramids, preventing corpses from rotting, solar calendars, geometry.

Ancient China: 23 solar terms, Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Nine Chapters of Arithmetic.

Ancient India: planting wheat, seal characters, Balikhtihir Temple, Ashveda, * * * numbers (Indian numbers).

Ancient Babylon: little agricultural contribution, cuneiform characters, hanging gardens, no medical contribution, lunar calendar, seven-day one-week system.

Detailed version

ancient Egypt is a pictographic hieroglyph

ancient India is a seal character called "halaben"

China has written records of the Shang dynasty, the famous Oracle Bone Inscriptions and bronze inscriptions

the pyramids of ancient Egypt, the sphinx

the hanging garden of Babylon

the temple of Balihti Hill in India

the Great Wall of China, the mausoleum of the Qin Emperor and the Terracotta Warriors. There are basically no other wooden structures left

agricultural irrigation of Nile River in ancient Egypt

irrigation of canal in Babylonia

wheat planting in ancient India

24 solar terms in China

anatomical technology represented by mummy technology in ancient Egypt

Babylonia has no

India's Azveda

China, Chinese medicine

Mathematics, ancient Egypt's earliest solar calendar in the world, geometry, Pi 3.16

Ancient Babylonian lunar calendar, seven-day and one-week system, timing method

Ancient Indian * * * Numbers

China Pythagorean Theorem

Where are the ancient Egyptian characters written? What is it written in?

papyrus and reed pen

Many years before the Greeks carved words on stones and the Romans wrote on wax boards, Egyptians had written on a flexible natural material that could be rolled into portable scrolls. Many such papyrus rolls are still preserved today. Papyrus was first used around 4 BC, and later it became one of Egypt's main export products. The manufacture of papyrus was monopolized by the state. Westbank > Its production process is a strictly protected secret. Ordinary paper is usually made of mashed plant fibers, but Cyperus papyrifera is different. It is made of the stems of Cyperus papyrifera. First, the stems are cut into thin strips and soaked in water for three days until they become bright and transparent. Then, these thin strips are spread on linen, horizontally and vertically. This way, they are stacked layer by layer, squeezed by heavy objects and dried in the sun. Later, Su Meiren improved the reed pen, sharpening the writing end with three large inclined planes, and the simple reed pen was formed. It is the predecessor of later quill pens and pens. Among the cultural relics unearthed in Egypt, there are also reed pens and boxes for pens, indicating that reed pens are not only used to write on clay, but also on Egyptian papyrus.

Egyptian characters in Egyptian

When it comes to writing in Egyptian, most people think of hieroglyphics. A hieroglyph is a solid pattern, however, hieroglyphs have three functions: first, to represent its graphic content; Second, it represents a related concept; Reference, on behalf of its pronunciation. For example, the figure ⊙ of a "sun" can represent the "sun" itself, sunlight or heat (because the sun is a luminous body and also provides heat), or it can represent its pronunciation "r3". But in the later Egyptian (middle and late), the third function was mostly left, and in the later secular and Coptic languages, hieroglyphics were almost completely abolished. According to historians' speculation, primitive people tried to write for the first time by using the first and simplest method. Of course, primitive people can't write objects or events and can't be representatives. Make hieroglyphics the second way. It doesn't mean anything that human development is expressed in hieroglyphics. Egyptians with diverse writing styles and ancient Egypt mixed hieroglyphics as characters. The Egyptian characters used in the late Egypt are very similar to the spelling of English letters, and the letters often cannot be changed, and there is no fixed pronunciation. Finally, Coptic used an improved Greek alphabet. Nubian uses characters similar to English letters, some of which may come from Coptic characters. According to scholars' conclusion, one needs to know about 6 different hieroglyphs to read any given Egyptian text. Although this sounds like a large number, the difficulty is reduced because a small part of hieroglyphics are phonetic in ancient Egyptian. And if you can remember these words, the context usually shows the meaning of a pictograph. Hieroglyphs are usually carved on wood or stone. The largest surviving hieroglyphs are religious books. These hieroglyphs, called cursive scripts, are considered to be widely used in daily letters, and Egyptians often write them on reed paper. It is still unknown who is the creator of hieroglyphics. It seems that the Egyptians just suddenly saw the way out and invented ancient Egyptian characters. Scholars support two theories: first, a group of geniuses simply invented the ancient Egyptian writing system and implemented it after receiving support. The second theory is that there is no development stage of hieroglyphics at all. The historical records of five Egyptian language stages during the use of hieroglyphics show that hieroglyphics writing experienced great changes in ancient Egypt. In the era of middle Egypt, the development of hieroglyphics stabilized until it disappeared in the 1st century A.D.. Hieroglyphs are used for all forms of written communication. However, hieroglyphics are important written texts of religious texts. Syntax of hieroglyphs As mentioned above, most ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs do not represent their graphic content in the book. Most of them are phonograms or "determinatives". Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics can be written in the following ways: horizontal writing: left-to-right horizontal writing: right-to-left vertical writing: (image facing left) left-to-right vertical writing: (image facing right) How are right-to-left ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics interpreted? Jean Fran?ois Champollion, a young French scholar, demonstrated how the name Ptolemy V was written in hieroglyphics on the Rosetta Stone: the names in the circle were equivalent to capital letters, and the symbols in the circle were phonetic corresponding to Greek, and it was determined that hieroglyphics were also phonetic symbols. In addition, he also used his profound knowledge of Coptic to speculate that a large part of pictographs representing everyday things can be read in Coptic.

What were the earliest written characters used by ancient Egyptians?

More than 5, years ago, hieroglyphs, namely Egyptian characters, appeared in ancient Egypt, usually written on a kind of paper called papyrus.

papyrus, which is not real paper, is a kind of plant that likes to live in swamps. It was once widely distributed on both sides of the Nile, but now it is on the verge of extinction. Papyrus can be used to make ropes, baskets, shoes, and even boats. The root of papyrus is delicious food. Papyrus was once abundant in ancient Egypt. Of course, the unique use of papyrus is to make paper.

How do you say Egypt in ancient Egyptian characters

There are a lot of relevant materials here, I hope it will help you!

tieba.baidu/f? Kz = 62551111

The map of baike.baidu/view/138248

is a general comparison table of ancient Egyptian letters and modern English letters.