(Bie Lu)

Source is the leaf of peach or hickory in the family Rosaceae. For details, see "Peach Kernel".

Chemical composition of peach leaves containing glycosides, naringenin, quinic acid, tomato hydrocarbons, tannins (about 100 mg%) and a small amount of nitrile glycosides.

Pharmacological effects of different varieties of peach leaf infusion (1%) tsetse killing effect is basically the same, can make tsetse die in 24 hours more than 95%; low concentration (0.25 ~ 0.5%) infusion effect is not significant; fresh and dried leaves similar efficacy of the Culex mosquitoes, Anopheles sinensis, harassment of mosquitoes such as mosquitoes larvae have an effect. Some experiments have proved that peach tree leaves can replace chloroform or other anesthetic drugs to kill Anopheles mosquitoes; young leaves are better than old leaves, fresh leaves are better than old leaves, leaf rubbing is better than dipping. Because peach leaves contain glycosides, rubbing broken by enzyme action can release hydrocyanic acid. With more than 1:100 dilution of peach leaf decoction in vitro direct microscopy or in vitro culture 1, 6, 12, 24 or 48 hours after observation, there is a role in killing leptospirosis.

Hydrocyanic acid can be produced by hydrolysis of seeds, flowers, leaves and bark of peach tree. Peach leaves have been used as a laxative, insect repellent and treatment of whooping cough. Peach leaves, flowers and nuts are toxic.

Bitter flavor, flat.

①Bie Lu: "Bitter and pungent, flat, non-toxic."

② "Compendium": "bitter, flat, non-toxic."

Categorized as "Materia Medica Rexin": "Entering the spleen and kidney meridians."

Functions and IndicationsExpel wind-dampness, clear heat, and kill insects. Treating head wind, headache, wind paralysis, malaria, eczema, sores, ringworm.

1) "Bie Lu": "Exit worms in sores."

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Treatment of malignant gas, children's cold and heat guest disobedience."

③ "Compendium": "treatment of cold and chills, wind paralysis without sweating, cure head wind, pass urine and feces, stop cholera abdominal pain."

4 《Compendium of Materia Medica》："Break the blood obstruction of women."

5 "Materia Medica Rexin": "Sweating, removing phlegm, eliminating dampness, and killing worms."

6 Modern Practical Chinese Medicine: "Wash sweat blisters and eczema."

(7) Guizhou Folk Medicine Collection: "Boiling water to wash, treating rheumatism; used externally to eliminate carbuncles and swellings."

Use and dosage for external use: decoction and washing or pounding. Internal use: decoction.

Selected prescription ① Treatment of wind-heat headache: raw peach leaves in appropriate amount, a little salt, **** pounded, applied to the temples. ("Guangxi folk medicine")

② eye swelling: peach leaves pounded juice to apply. ("Lingnan medicine book")

8 Precision sores on the foot: peach leaves pounded, and compress with bitter wine. ("After Elbow Fang")

4, for the treatment of sores in nose: peach leaf tender heart, pestle and rotten plug. ("Simple Single Formula")

5) Treatment of women's sores, such as insect bites and pain: Peach leaves, raw and pounded, wrapped in cotton in the yin, three or four times a day. ("Monk's formula")

6 treatment of body and face ringworm sores: peach leaves pounded juice compress. ("Thousand Gold Formula")

7 cure cholera abdominal pain and vomiting dysentery: peach leaves (cut) three liters. Five liters of water, boil a liter of three, divided into two warm service. ("Guang Ji Fang")

8 treatment of two stools: peach leaves pestle juice half a liter of service. (Sun Si invited)

9 hemorrhoids: peach leaves. Decoction fumigation. ("Shanghai commonly used Chinese herbs")

Clinical application ① treatment of malaria

Take fresh peach leaves 2 two decoction, 1 dose per day for 5 days as a course of treatment. Treatment of 18 cases of inter-day malaria, were cured. After 2 to 5 doses of medicine, malaria symptoms did not reoccur, blood smear microscopy three times were not detected malaria parasite, follow-up six months without recurrence. Can also use fresh peach tree branches 5 to 8 branches (each branch with 5 to 8 leaflets), in the early morning of the day of malaria decoction. According to the observation of more than 60 cases, most of the 1 time that can control the attack, if necessary, can be served for 2 days.

②Treatment of vaginal trichomonas

With fresh peach leaves 1 two, add 1000 ml of water, boil for 20 minutes, take the decoction for vaginal douche. If necessary, add gray quinoa 5 money with the boil to stop itching. Once a day, 5 days for a course of treatment. Treatment of 60 cases, cured 54 cases.

3 treatment of sores

Take 50 pounds of fresh peach leaves, add 100 pounds of clean water, soak and decoct for 1 hour, filtration, filtering, residue and then add 50 pounds of water decoction filtration; combined with 2 filtrate, boiled into a paste. Apply externally to the affected area, 1 to 2 times a day. Observe more than 30 cases, generally 36 hours after the swelling can be reduced, the latest 1 week healing.

4 treatment of chronic urticaria

Take 500 grams of green peach leaves, chopped and dipped in 5000 ml of pure alcohol, closed 24 ~ 48 hours after the dregs. With a cotton ball dipped in the leaching solution coated with the affected area, usually 3 times a day, coated for 3 days as a course of treatment. Treatment of 45 cases, the results of 39 cases of healing, 2 cases of progress, 4 cases of ineffective. After using the medicine, the itching stopped or reduced rapidly, and the rash could disappear in a short period of time, and it was not easy to recur

Keywords Cancer pain

Cancer pain is one of the most common symptoms in tumor clinic, and how to control cancer pain effectively has become a global concern. In this article, we present a brief review of the treatment of cancer pain in Chinese medicine in recent years.

1 Internal treatment

Tan Xiaoyun and Luo Wenjuan [1] reported that 28 cases of bone metastatic cancer pain were treated with Body Pain and Blood Stasis Expelling Soup (9g each of Macrophyllum, Safflower, Myrrh, and Cow's Knee, 10g each of Ligustici Chuanxiong, Wulingzhi, Yanhuisuo, and Hovenia Hortenshell, 6g each of Fragrant Parsley, Dilanges, Licorice, and Qianghuang Wu) with flavor addition with an overall effective rate of 89%.

Gao Tongjun [2] et al. treated 26 cases of cancer pain with Kangsaid Pain Relieving Soup (composed of 14 traditional Chinese medicines, including cinnamon, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Poria, Cortex Eucommiae, Fructus Eucommiae Sinensis, Fructus Aristolochiae Sinensis, Fructus Jujubaeae Nuclei, Fructus Crataegus Crataegi, and Fructus Crataegus Chinensis, etc) with total effective rate of 88.5%.

Chen Changhuai [3] et al. observed the effectiveness and safety of Gui Shen Pain Relieving Combination in the treatment of cancer pain by adopting the method of double-blind controlled trial and appropriately setting up an open group, and they successively observed 418 cases of patients with cancer pain, and the results showed that Gui Shen Pain Relieving Combination (composed of more than 10 traditional Chinese medicines, such as Cinnamon, Poria, Duchen, Dulcis and so on) had an effective rate of 73.53% in cancer pain of more than moderate degree and had the function of improving clinical symptoms, improving quality of life, and enhancing the quality of life. clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life of tumor patients.

Lin Dong [4] and others observed that the total effective rate for the treatment group was 96.67%, and the complete pain relief rate was 46.67%, while that for the control group was 93.33%, and the total effective rate for the control group was 46.67%. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 96.67%, and the complete pain relief rate was 46.67%, while the total effective rate of the control group was 93.33%, and the complete pain relief rate was 16.67%, the pain relief efficacy of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the side effects of the treatment group were significantly lighter than that of the control group (P<0.01), which indicated that the drug had better analgesic effect and low side effects, and that it was used in combination with the western medicines of the second and the third steps of the pain relief of the cancer pain, and it was able to strengthen the analgesic effect and reduce the toxic and side effects.

Zhu Dexiang [5] et al. treated 31 cases of middle and advanced cancer pain with strong analgesic combination (containing Mao Fu Hua and cat's ear, 100ml/bottle, each milliliter contains 0.5g of raw medicine), and with Tramadol capsule before and after their own control observation results of the total effective rate of 93.6% in the treatment group, 67.7% in the control group, the difference between the two groups is significant, indicating that the drug has a better analgesic effect.

Jiang Jianping [6], according to the principle and method of three-step pain relief formulated by WHO, used Chinese traditional medicine "Pientzehuang Tablet" and "Pingpaining Tablet" to observe the treatment of 186 patients with cancer pain, and the results showed that Chinese traditional medicine had better efficacy in treating mild and moderate cancer pain, and the effective rate was 91.7% respectively. The results showed that the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in treating mild and moderate cancer pain was better, with the effective rates of 91.95% and 71.70% respectively, and the effective rate for severe pain was lower, only 43.38%. However, combining with morphine analgesic can improve the pain-relieving effect, reduce the dosage of morphine, and thus alleviate the toxic side-effects of morphine, and the analgesia of traditional Chinese medicine is considered to be in accordance with the concepts of medication and habits of patients in our country, and it can supplement and enrich the content of the three-order ladder of analgesia.

Wang Huaizhang [7] et al. treated 71 patients with advanced breast cancer bone metastasis with chemotherapy, which showed that traditional Chinese medicine has better efficacy in the treatment of bone metastatic cancer pain, and it can obviously improve the quality of life of patients.

2 External treatment method

External treatment method of Chinese medicine is an important part of the motherland medicine, and it is a "strange army" for the treatment of cancer pain. Wu Shiqi, the patriarch of external treatment, said, "The reason of external treatment is the reason of internal treatment, and the medicine of external treatment is the medicine of internal treatment, but the method is different. Medicine medicine, medicine, and the law of the magical changes." The external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine is to give medicine directly on the body surface, after absorbed by the skin or mucous membrane surface, the medicine directly reaches the place of disease, pain relief is rapid and effective, and it can avoid the multi-links inactivation effect encountered by the oral absorption through the digestive tract and some side effects brought about by the internal use of some medicines, especially in the advanced stage of cancer patients who have been deficient in righteousness, are intolerant to attack and attack, the spleen and stomach absorb the function of the weakening of the effect of relying on the internal use of medicines is not effective, and the external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine is more advantageous. Clinical research on the external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine has reported more, the dosage form is also improving, from the traditional cream, powder development into tincture, babu agent, etc., the efficacy of the treatment is also gradually improved.

Zhang Shihua [8] and others reported that 210 cases of cancer pain were treated externally with a bag of pain medicine (musk, panax ginseng, peach kernel, safflower, etc.) with a total effective rate of 97.62%, suggesting that the bag of medicine has a good effect of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis and relieving swelling and pain.

Lu Lian Ju [9] treated 100 cases of cancer pain with pain relief ointment (composed of 21 Chinese herbs, including strychnine, wood betony, Chuanwu, Caowu, frankincense, myrrh, and Gansui, etc.), with the total effective rate of 93%, and it was found that the application of the ointment could significantly reduce the dosage and the dependence on the drug of opioid pain relievers. For patients with severe pain who depend on opioid painkillers, the application of pain relief cream can significantly reduce the dosage of opioid painkillers and dependence on the drug. Hu Huaiqiang [10] and others used homemade cancer pain ointment (200g each of kombu, seaweed, ganoderma lucidum, tulip, balsam, white mustard seed, turtle shell, 150g each of halberd and glycyrrhiza glabra, 100g each of strychnine, 100 centipedes, 120g of scorpion, 80g of toad biscuit, 10kg of fresh peach leaves, 50kg of water, put into a big pot and decocted on high heat for 3h, filtered out the peach leaves, and decocted for 2h again to obtain the juice of the medicine and concentrated it into a paste) to treat 46 cases of liver cancer pain. Treating 46 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma pain, the total effective rate reaches 100%, and it has certain anti-tumor effect, and the tumor shrinks in some patients.

Li Yuan [11] reported that the analgesic effect was observed in 54 cases of cancer pain patients with the tincture of expectorant pain spray, and 33 cases of strong analgesic as the control group, and the total effective rate of the treatment group was 79.63%, and that of the control group was 72.73%, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference in the onset of action time and the duration of analgesia in the comparison of the two groups, and the onset of action time was more rapid (P>)than that of the control group. time was more rapid than the control group (P<0.01), and the duration of pain relief in the treatment group was prolonged compared with the control group (P<0.05).

Hua Haibing and Lin Su [12] treated 60 cases of lung cancer pain (mild pain for 2d1 times, moderate pain for 1d1 times, severe pain for 1d2 times or more than 2 times) with ablative ointment (Ferulae, Schisandra chinensis, Bupleurum officinale, rhubarb, and icicle, mixed according to the proportion of 3:1:2:4:6, and then very finely powdered, passed through the sieve of 400 mesh, and then mixed with caramel, glycerine, and lauric azelaic acid and so on), and the result was that total pain relief rate was 90%, among which mild pain was 2d1 times, moderate pain was 1d1 times, severe pain was 1d2 times or more than 2 times. The total relief rate was 90%, among which the relief rate of mild pain was 100%, moderate pain was 94.7%, and severe pain was 63.6%, and the mean relief time of mild pain was obviously prolonged compared with that of severe pain, and the highest relief rate of 100% was found for the distension caused by stagnation of qi, and the relief rate for blood stasis in meridians and channels and phlegm-heat embodiment was 94.4% and 88.8% respectively, and the effect was worst for the occult pain of lung yin deficiency, which was only 60%, with a relief rate of 60%, while that for the hidden pain of lung yin insufficiency was only 60%. It was the least effective for the occult pain of lung-yin deficiency, with a relief rate of only 60%.

Li Zhong [13] used traditional Chinese medicine analgesic cream (composed of more than 20 flavors, such as Chuan Cao Wu, Xin Xin, Chuan Jiao, Boswellia, Myrrh, Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Acanthopanax, Turmeric, Clove, Yuan Hu, Ice, etc., and processed by the traditional ointment preparation process) to treat 30 cases of carcinoma pain, and 30 cases were controlled by Qiangdian treatment, and the results of the comparison of the two groups in the total therapeutic efficacy were non-significant, with the total efficacy of 83.3% and 80.0% (P&&C). and 80.0% respectively (P>0.05), but from the comparison of onset of effect time and duration of pain relief time, the onset of effect time of the treatment group was slightly better than that of the control group, but P>0.05, and the duration of pain relief time of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.05), and there were significant changes in the degree of pain before and after the treatment of the two groups, and the number of people who were free of pain was significantly higher than that of the control group, showing that Chinese medicine had a significant effect on the pain in the control group. From the comparison of pain level after treatment, the number of pain-free people in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group, showing the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in cancer pain relief.

Li Zongjiang [14] et al. used self-proposed anticancer pain relief powder (10g of American ginseng, 10g of astragalus, 2 white-flower snakes, 5 centipedes, 10g of scorpion, 3g of vermillion, 10g of rhubarb, 10g of calamus, 10g of fine acrylics, 15g of Salvia divinorum, finely grinded and taken by mouth or in capsule) together with anticancer pain relief ointment (5g of strychnine, 2 white-flower snakes, 5 centipedes, 10g of scorpion, 10g of rhubarb, 5g of ice tablet) to treat pain relief in the two groups. Rhubarb 10g, ice 5g, alum 5g, pepper eye 10g, *** for the fine powder, add boiling sesame oil 50g, rice vinegar 50g of the mixture, simmering into a paste, external application on the affected area), internal service and external combination of methods of treatment of 200 cases of cancer pain, the total effective rate of 85%.

Zhang Zhifang et al. [15] reported that the total effective rate was 93.9% for the treatment of 148 cases of cancer pain by external application of analgesic powder (composed of 18 traditional Chinese medicines, including frankincense, myrrh, myrrh, spermaceti, blood exhaustion, panax quinquefolius, raw Chuanwu, raw strychnine, soft-shelled turtle shells, rhubarb, mushroom, and preventive medicine), with the effect on the pain of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and the effect on the pain of Ⅲ, and the effective rate on the pain of Ⅲ cancer patients was also up to 87.5%.

Yin Changchun [16] reported that homemade toad skin analgesic ointment (20g of dried toad skin, 50g of white-flower snake tongue grass, 30g of seven leaves of one flower, 10g of each of the system of Chuanqiuwu, 30g of Curcuma longa, 10g of safflower, 15g of Chuanxiong ligustici, 15g of Sanleng, 10g of each of the system of lactic carrageenan, 15g of Yuanhu, 50g of the leaves of Iron Tree, 15g of leeches, and 100g of the powdered rhubarb) was administered in comparison with the three-order analgesic drug. Controlled treatment observation, the results of the total effective rate of 89.29% of the treatment group, compared with the total effective rate of 92.86% of the control group, the difference is not significant, for patients with moderate and severe cancer pain after the application of toad skin analgesic cream can significantly reduce the amount of opioid analgesics.

Tang Zhiying [17] used tincture of traditional Chinese medicine (50g of salvia, 30g of saffron, 30g of aconite, 50g of mushroom, 30g of frankincense, 30g of myrrh, 30g of rosin, 40g of xuanhu, 20g of xinshen, 20g of turpentine, 10g of blood dryness, 50g of ice chips, crushed and put into 3,000 ml of 75% alcohol to be used for 2 weeks after sealing and soaking) in treating cancerous pain in 35 cases.

Su Shuyin [18] et al. based on the past experience of developing the effective formula of analgesic ointment for the treatment of cancer pain, combined with the modern preparation process to reformulate the ointment into the form of rubber ointment, and compared it with the analgesic ointment in the clinical observation, and the results showed that the two types of dosage forms have obvious analgesic effect, and the total effective rate was 91.3%. The total effective rate was 91.3% and 83.3% respectively, and the efficacy of the analgesic ointment was more significant, and the onset of action time and duration of pain relief time were better than that of the ointment group.

Cai Yongmin and Li Genlin [19] reported that Aqi sticker (composed of Ferula, blood exhaustion, ice chips, menthol, cinnamon, Yanhuisuo, cloves, fine Xin, musk, Chuanxiong and other drugs, the orthogonal test method to optimize the best process, water-soluble natural and synthetic polymer materials as a substrate, combined with the modern means of technology of the herbs to the extraction of the active ingredient, a new type of Babu agent) combined with the WHO three-step drug treatment of pain relief. WHO three-step drug treatment of cancer pain in 178 cases, and with 160 cases of simple three-step pain medication efficacy comparison, the results of the total effective rate of 95.50% of the treatment group, the control group total effective rate of 85.64%, the difference between the two groups of efficacy is highly significant (P & lt; 0.01), the two groups of pain effective time comparison of the treatment group compared with the control group to take effect quickly (P & lt; 0.01), the two groups of VAS values before and after the treatment. The difference in VAS value before and after treatment was significant, and the difference between the two groups after treatment was also highly significant (P<0.01), and the treatment group was significantly better than the control group, and the comparison of Kanofsky value between the two groups was also that the treatment group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.01).