1. Different colors

From the color point of view, poisonous mushrooms are brightly colored, often red, green or yellow, with the central part of the mushrooms being protruding and undulating, and their umbrellas are often with miscellaneous spots, and the surface is covered with filaments or small pieces of residue or scales; while non-poisonous mushrooms are generally not brightly colored, with flat caps and smooth umbrella surfaces.

2. Different secretion

From the secretion, the cap or injured part of poisonous mushrooms often secretes thick and sticky liquid with russet color and pungent odor, and the cap is easy to be discolored after it is torn; while the non-poisonous mushrooms are generally drier, and the liquid secreted after it is broken is white, with special fragrance, and the cap is generally not discolored after it is torn.

Expanded information:

Because the macroscopic characteristics of some poisonous mushrooms are not clearly different from those of edible mushrooms. And there is no fast and reliable method to identify poisonous mushrooms, so there are cases of poisoning caused by accidental consumption of poisonous mushrooms.

It is one of the causes of poisoning by accidental ingestion of poisonous mushrooms to recognize the complexity and diversity of poisonous mushrooms and edible mushrooms in different places according to the traditional individual, simple and specific experience and methods.

The patients in the three cases of poisonous mushroom poisoning in Guangzhou in 2000 all said that they had eaten the "same" mushrooms many times in their hometowns and were not poisoned. In fact, they are not the same, because many edible mushrooms and poisonous mushrooms are very similar, and sometimes even experts need to use microscopes and other tools to accurately identify them.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Poisonous Mushrooms