Online literature has consciously absorbed the beneficial achievements of modern information technology and network technology, broadened the living space of literature and enriched its expressive force. Traditional literature has been reborn. However, due to the lack of depth and aesthetic pursuit, the existence and development of online literature has fallen into a profound crisis. This paper tries to explore its meaning and characteristics from the perspective of the relationship between online literature and traditional literature, and make some efforts to promote the development of online literature. With the advent of the network era, the rise of online literature will violently impact the discourse power of traditional literature. Because the network era is an open era, network literature is a literature with public participation. Network literature will not only attract the attention of a large number of readers of traditional literature, but more importantly, it will erode the process of the formation and division of the right to speak in traditional literature through the characteristics of the network. On the Internet, you don't need to be an official to publish your works, or even anyone needs a brilliant pen, or celebrity recommendation or editorial acquaintances. As long as you have a computer that is not too bad, plus a telephone and a demodulator, you can freely publish your literary works and comments online. Although there are editors and managers on the website, they have some rights similar to those of the owners of traditional literary discourse rights, but for one thing, they should be more tolerant, and the variety of websites is enough for different online literary writers to find a place to publish their works.
In online literature, editors and commentators in traditional literature have been deprived of the right to speak to a great extent. Editors have no ability to prevent others from publishing their works online, and full-time commentators can't make themselves more confident than ordinary readers when commenting online. Whether mules or horses come out for a walk, here, people are less likely to believe in and obey the so-called authority. People not only have more power to speak for themselves, but also have more ability to judge and appreciate themselves. Here, how much value and high status a work can have has nothing to do with the editors of traditional literature or the comments of full-time critics. The equality of the right to speak will make online literature less discourse power and more democracy. From this perspective, the network undoubtedly provides a vast world for the development of literature. On the Internet, any author can freely conduct literary experiments, choose his or her favorite themes and writing techniques, and express his or her thoughts. In the absence of traditional literary discourse power, online literature will be more conducive to the diversification and prosperity of literary development. It should be said that this is a progress of the times.
With the further development of the Internet in China, online literature will undoubtedly grow stronger. Traditional literature with books, periodicals and newspapers as the main media will lose not only some readers, but also discourse power. The evolution of this process may be slow, but as time goes by, its influence will become more and more clear.
The dissemination of information needs media, and the Internet is called the "fourth media" besides traditional newspapers, television and radio. Network literature seems to only change the way of writing and improve work efficiency, but in fact it is an ongoing revolution in the field of writing. Traditional literature must face the challenge of network literature.
The first batch of "network literature series" published by China Social Sciences Publishing House, Farewell to Wei 'an and Old Cohabitation Times, were popular in the 2 Beijing Spring Book Ordering Fair, which attracted the attention of literary critics and readers. Some commentators even pointed out that the book market will enter the "network reading era" from the "picture reading era". So writers generally feel a crisis, thinking that if they don't know how to use the fourth media to create in today's era, they will be eliminated from the literary world in a few years. Others believe that online literature can only be called "literary karaoke" and can never replace traditional literature. Network works do not have the taste of literature, and the first writing can enter the network. At best, it can only be an exchange, even an exchange that Lian Wenxue does not have.
the significance of changing pens
the significance of changing pens is not only the change of writing style, but also marks a new leap in the subject's ability. People's thinking has the characteristics of patterning. When people write on the computer, the casual writing style is easier to get rid of the brain's thinking pattern, enhance the divergence and jumping of thinking, and make the creative subject always maintain a strong creative spirit in the writing process and always be in the impulse of writing. Therefore, the computer naturally endows the online literature with the aesthetic characteristics of agility and smoothness. However, the traditional paper-and-pencil writing only copies the draft written in mind in advance on paper, and the impulse to write is easy to block.
Hypertext writing product carrier
Traditional writing product takes text as the main form and paper as the carrier. With the popularization of computers, the carrier of finished writing has been migrated from paper to computer memory, with hypertext as the main form. Hypertext is essentially interconnected data. It uses a nonlinear network structure to organize massive information. There is no fixed order, and people are not required to read in a certain order. If the network has disintegrated the information hegemony of ideology, then network literature has broken the monopoly of literary elites on the right to speak. Anyone can find a space to publish his own literary works after surfing the Internet, and the network can transmit texts unimpeded. In other words, anyone can write online freely, and if he wants to publish it, he can let anyone in the world see it. In the field of literature, the elimination of hegemony and the establishment of freedom are a kind of progress of human society. The concept of copyright based on traditional texts has not adapted to the requirements of the network age, and more and more people will advocate "free literature" from the height of enjoyment.
Free and open creative mentality
The essence of literature is truth. Literary creation is a kind of personalized spiritual labor. Network creation can better reflect people's true state. Speak freely in front of the screen, and publish freely on the Internet, without being examined and checked by relevant departments. In the whole creative process, everything dominated by the subject "I" has got rid of the constraints of other media and eliminated more utilitarian colors, making the subject's creative mentality more free, open, unrestrained and absolute. Reading online works, we can feel a kind of freedom of individual life. Here, there is no deliberate planning of the layout, but a real and vivid life experience of "me" and a incisive catharsis of love, confusion, survival and confusion. Young woman Anne Baby's Farewell to Wei 'an, Warmth and Seven Years have been reposted and widely circulated on the Internet. Zhang Jian's "Old Cohabitation Times" describes the confusion, sadness and confusion of a new generation of young people in the face of drastic changes in the times. My Love Drift Over Your Net in the misty rain of Lijiang River is a beautiful and moving online romance story. The pure love of the network and the sad beauty caused by the unbridgeable distance between the network and reality described in the novel make people cry.
Compared with traditional literature, online literature at this stage is still naive, and their highest theme does not have deep thinking about social life, but mostly is the instinctive impulse of life. However, it is this instinctive creative form that can satisfy people's desire for communication, lyricism, creation and expression, so more and more netizens enjoy it. This undoubtedly expands the ranks of literary lovers and amateur creators and expands the foundation for the survival and development of literature. It is predicted that with the efforts of the author and the website, it is not impossible to start an era and even produce Lu Xun, Guo Moruo and Ba Jin in the network.
Interactive literary appreciation
In the whole process of literary creation, the appreciation of the audience is an indispensable link, which plays a sublimation and guidance role in literary creation. Writing in traditional literary works is a very mysterious privilege, and readers can only passively accept and recognize the works. Due to the rapid development of computer technology, literature appreciation has changed from contemplation to interactivity. Interactivity means that the computer, as the fourth media, realizes the two-way interactive communication between the creator and the audience, and also realizes the communication from audience to audience. Once your work is published online, the audience's appreciation comments will be fed back to you at any time to communicate with you aesthetically. The audience can also modify and supplement your works according to their own understanding and hobbies, and create a new text suitable for their own aesthetic experience, aesthetic taste and aesthetic ideal. In a word, interactivity makes computers really become the media for the public to speak together. Writing has become the co-creation of the author and the audience, and writing and reading have achieved democracy and equality in the true sense. Therefore, people's enthusiasm for participation is unprecedented, and the effects that literature can produce are unprecedented.
Some people use this word to describe our times: once a "net" is wiped out, there is no "net". The revolution in writing style will not be completed in a few years, and pens and computers may have to be kept for a long time. At present, network literature can not end traditional literature, nor can it end traditional literature. However, the vigorous development of online literature does bring great impact to traditional literature. Writers who call themselves "spiritual aristocrats", if they are still narcissistic because they don't know what a computer is, let alone have a website, is this a bit "conceited" sorrow? To some extent, this is also the sorrow of literature.
The literary mode of writing with computer texts as paper media and posting in bbs on the website community forum is collectively referred to as online literature (Dream of Red Mansions and others left in the Golden Bookstore are not included in this list), and guys who log on to bbs in the form of community registration and feel good about themselves are collectively referred to as online writers (those who take Cao Xueqin as their registered screen name are not included in this list); Writing on the beach, rocks, bricks, bamboo pieces, cloth, paper, etc. is collectively referred to as traditional literature (here, classical literature, contemporary literature and contemporary literature all belong to this category). No matter whether the ancients who wrote this composition did not need to pay for it or the contemporary people who anointed Liang Mou, they were called traditional writers (the ancients wanted future generations to comment, and future generations to make cooperative comments)
Network literature moved to the Internet, which was unprecedented. The first is the challenge to the current literary world. When the network is really formed, it will inevitably remove some restrictions on literary time and space to some extent, eliminate the boundaries of "publication", "non-publication", "publication" and "non-publication" to some extent, reduce the circulation links between literary exchanges, and enable creators and readers to obtain relatively maximum and most free two-way exchanges and choices. Perhaps in the near future, well-known writers don't need to deal with magazines, and they don't need the "grand launch" of magazines and publishing houses, and they can consciously "hype" with some critics. They can communicate with readers through their own websites and earn their own income, and truly realize the direct meeting of writers' works with readers (eliminating the counter service), and new writers don't have to find relationships and entrust friends to publish their own works. ThMING is the revolution of the literary system.
"Online literature expresses the most energetic and passionate thoughts of young people." Wang Song, a professional writer of Tianjin Writers Association and the author of the novel A Tale of Two Donkeys, said: "Traditional novels are mainly expressed by language. For so many years, most China novelists only pay attention to their own narrative language, and even spend their whole lives pursuing it. The language of online literature is so wise and vivid, and many works are completed with an extremely relaxed and relaxed attitude. " The internet provides much more convenience and opportunities for everyone who is eager to become a writer than traditional writing. It is not a shame for a writer to be born on the Internet. To some extent, it also shows the special talents of online writers.
Compared with traditional writers, online writers are very different. Traditional writers use pens, while online writers use computers and networks. Traditional writers use mail and telephone to contact editors, while online writers use QQ and email. Compared with traditional writers, online writers are more "e" and their work efficiency is much higher than traditional writers.
The works and authors in the paper media are widely certified by the society, and their contribution comes at a certain price. Publishing one's own works in the paper media has such a procedure-application for approval, deletion and revision, and fussy editing ..... so complicated. It is normal that a talented author may not be valued in the paper media. For the paper media, they are more willing to cultivate writers with qualifications and intrinsic qualities. For most ordinary authors, unlike the Internet, they can only choose carefully because of the funds and manpower, and ensure and maintain the development of the media with the quality of their works. It is precisely because of such strict requirements and limitations that the paper media will develop in society with the image of strength and authority. For many years, this seems to be irreplaceable. Paper media can give authors due remuneration, treatment and recognition, which is the only way for literary pursuers to get recognition. But the network can't. What appears in online literature is petty bourgeoisie flirting, romantic affairs and love whispers. Due to online reasons, short films are still the main ones at present. As a writer or a writer in the development of online literature, I think most people have a literary foundation and pursuit. However, in the face of the failure of their own literary pursuit, the author's passion for creation withered and declined greatly. Because they were not recognized by society, they even lost their love for literature. However, in their bones, there is still hope for literature, and they want to win social recognition. After the emergence of online literature, these frustrated writers seem to have found themselves again and seen hope. Because their works can be published without the strict limitations of the paper media, their passion for creation and literary talent have been displayed again, and they have creative space, so their hearts have been compensated and their talents have been brought into play. Network literature is a new thing with the development of network. We shouldn't treat this new thing as a pair of new shoes, just to take the old road. Because of the influence of traditional knowledge or historical inertia, traditional literature can't show such great activity and adventure on the road of development like online literature. Network literature is like a hot weapon in hand, while traditional literature is like a cold weapon in hand. If hot weapons are used as cold weapons, it is undoubtedly a retrogression in the use of new things.
There are many factors that affect the publication of articles that violate the traditional content or form in traditional literature, but there are not so many restrictions in online literature.
the sea is wide, and the sky is high, allowing birds to fly. The stage presented by online literature to writers is incomparable to traditional literature. Another stage, another life personality.
Chen Cun pointed out that "the whole meaning of literature is not only that it has a peak, but isn't it another layer of great significance that many people are active and gain something in literature?"
Generally speaking, the authors of original online literature are mostly amateur writers. The author's amateurism has greatly expanded the coverage of literary themes, and the active and divergent thinking mode of non-humanities professionals has also added attractive vitality to literature.