Fangji is mainly used to treat edema, athlete's foot, dysuria, eczema and sores, etc. It is distributed in many places in China. Below I will learn about the functions and related compatibility of Fangji.
Related compatibility of Fangji
Compatibility of Fangji with Guizhi: Fangji is bitter and cold, diuretic, clearing heat and dispelling wind, unblocking collaterals and relieving pain, good at releasing dampness and heat in the lower Jiao; Guizhi is sweet and warm, dredging collaterals, removing paralysis, relieving pain and warming yang. Transform qi and move water. The combined use of the two can enhance its effects of dispelling wind, removing dampness, removing paralysis and relieving pain; the effects of warming yang, transforming qi, diluting water and reducing swelling are used to treat severe swelling and pain in the lower limbs and paralysis caused by wind, cold and dampness invasion of the meridians.
Combination of Fangji and Astragalus: Fangji is bitter and cold, reduces diarrhea, diuresis and swelling, dispels wind and dehumidification; Astragalus is sweet, warm and nourishing, replenishes qi and strengthens the surface, diuresis and reduces swelling. Fangji focuses on dispelling evil and main descending; Astragalus tends to tonify and mainly increase. .The two work together to achieve the effect of replenishing qi, diluting water and reducing swelling. It is used to treat Feng Shui edema, sweating, bad wind, qi deficiency edema, indentation when pressed, difficulty in urination, and swelling of limbs due to dampness, numbness, etc. . Efficacy of Fangji
⒈Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The total alkaline of tetrandril and tetrandrine A, B, and C were measured by the mouse hot plate method and all have analgesic effects. The total alkaline The strongest effect, its effective dose is 50 mg/kg, and the median lethal dose is 241 to 251 mg/kg. The analgesic effect of Tetrandrine is stronger than that of Tetrandrine A and B, but it is more toxic, so it has no practical value. Tetrandrine A , B, and Tetrandrol extracts or decoctions all have analgesic effects, and the effect of A is stronger than that of B. The antihistamine diphenhydramine can significantly enhance the analgesic effects of A and B, but not Affects its toxicity. There are also reports that when the analgesic effect of Tetrafangus exceeds a certain dose, it weakens or disappears. This may be because a larger dose of A can excite the central nervous system, thereby weakening the analgesic effect.
There are reports that trifrandrine has central inhibitory effects such as sedation, analgesia, and cooling. It can inhibit the autonomous activities of mice and strengthen the central inhibition of sodium pentobarbital and chloral hydrate. It antagonizes the excitatory effects of caffeine and amphetamine, delays the onset of convulsive latency of pentylenetetrazol and strychnine, and prolongs the death time of mice after strychnine-induced convulsions.
Tetrandrine A and B have a certain anti-inflammatory effect on formaldehyde arthritis in rats. The effect of Tetrandrine A is stronger than that of Tetrandrine B, its effect is similar to that of cortisone, and it is stronger than sodium salicylate. , weaker than phenylbutazone. After the adrenal gland is removed, the effect disappears, suggesting that it acts directly on the adrenal gland, can stimulate the pituitary-adrenal system, enhance the function of the adrenal cortex, and has the effect of non-specific stimulation of the adrenal cortex. Tetrandrine has an effect on experimental Rabbit ear shell burns also have anti-inflammatory effects; it can reduce the permeability of blood vessels in skin trypan blue experimental rats. Xyranthrine hydrochloride has anti-inflammatory effects on egg white, formaldehyde and carrageenan-induced plantar swelling and cotton ball granuloma in rats. Hyperplasia, increased peritoneal capillary permeability and ear shell swelling in mice all have significant inhibitory effects. The effect still exists after removal of bilateral adrenal glands in rats. Tritonine does not prolong the survival time of adrenalectomy young rats, but makes rats inflammatory The amount of PGE released by the tissue was significantly reduced, the plasma cortisol concentration was significantly increased, the thymus was significantly atrophied, and the adrenal gland weight was significantly increased.
powerful.
⒉Anti-allergic effect Tetrandrine has a wide range of anti-allergic effects. It is both an antagonist and a blocker of allergic mediators. It can significantly reduce the risk of anaphylactic shock in rabbits caused by whole egg whites. The incidence of severe shock symptoms, but has no significant effect on mortality. It has no effect on histamine shock in guinea pigs. Tetrandrine can inhibit the passive skin allergic reaction in rats and the allergic contraction of the isolated ileum of sensitized guinea pigs; inhibit histamine , acetylcholine-induced guinea pig asthma and the contraction of isolated guinea pig ileum; it has a certain inhibitory effect on immediate allergic reactions. Tetrandrine itself has no effect on the contraction and relaxation of tracheal smooth muscle, but it can significantly antagonize the slow reactions of allergic reactions. Substance SRS-A contracts tracheal smooth muscle. Tetrandrine aerosol inhalation, intraperitoneal injection, oral administration or pre-administration can all play a protective role in SRS-A wheezing in guinea pigs, which is manifested as a significant prolongation of the incubation period of asthma. The number of convulsions caused by wheezing is reduced.
Tetrandrine is a calcium antagonist with broad effects, which may be the mechanism of its anti-allergic effect.
⒊Effects on the cardiovascular system
a. Effects on the heart: Animal experiments show that: small doses of Tetrandib alkaloids can strengthen the contractility of the heart, increase the amplitude, and increase the contraction force of the heart. The dose has varying degrees of inhibitory effects on the heart. Intravenous injection of tetrandrine 10 mg/kg in anesthetized dogs has an inhibitory effect on myocardial contractility and pump function. It also significantly slows down the heart rhythm, reduces total peripheral vascular resistance and tension time index. It is suggested that myocardial energy consumption is reduced, but these effects can be antagonized by calcium chloride, and the results are similar to those of verapamil. Studies have confirmed that A is a slow channel blocker.
Tetrandrine has a certain protective effect on experimental myocardial infarction. After taking the drug, blood pressure is slightly reduced and the heart rate is slightly slowed down, which is beneficial to myocardial resistance to ischemia. It has a certain protective effect on pituitary-induced acute hypoxia. It has an obvious preventive effect on blood and myocardial damage, but its protective effect on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial necrosis is not obvious enough. However, there are also reports that tetrandrine protects against isoproterenol-induced hypoxia and necrotic electrocardiogram in rats. effect.
In vitro and whole animal experiments have proven that tetrandrine can resist cardiac arrhythmias in animals caused by cardiac glycosides, aconitine, calcium ions, and chloroform plus epinephrine, but it cannot increase the electrofibrillation threshold. ; Increase the dose required for ouabain to cause positive inotropic effects, the maximum peak effect remains unchanged, and does not increase the treatment width. The anti-arrhythmic mechanism of tetrandrine is to inhibit calcium influx. It has nothing to do with cardiac?-receptors , and related to the ion transport affecting the myocardial cell membrane.
b. Effect on coronary artery flow: Tetrandrine has a significant dilation effect on coronary blood vessels. When isolated rabbit coronary blood vessels are perfused, the increase in flow is related to the drug concentration, and the effect occurs when the concentration is high. It is fast and lasts for a short time; when the concentration is low, it occurs slowly and lasts for a long time. It can also significantly increase coronary flow in a stopped heart. In vitro and overall experiments have shown that tetrandrine can reduce myocardial oxygen consumption and oxygen uptake. The amount, its effect of dilating coronary arteries has nothing to do with epinephrine and catecholamines; cardiac contractility, heart rate and blood pressure have basically no effect on coronary flow. It acts directly on coronary blood vessels to increase coronary flow. Tetrandrine can counteract Waba. It causes coronary artery contracture, but its effect can be antagonized by high Ca. There are also reports that tetrandrine mainly inhibits the potential-dependent Ca channel on the cell membrane, preventing Ca from entering the cell through this channel, and has no effect on the recipient. Body-activated Ca channels have no effect. Tetrandrine is different from propranolol?-receptor blockers because it does not block the relaxing effect of isoprenaline on the coronary system.
c. Effect on blood pressure: Various alkaloids of Tetrandrine have the effect of lowering blood pressure in various animals. Tetrandrine A and Tetrandrine B can be used by intravenous injection, intramuscular injection or intragastric administration. The blood pressure of anesthetized cats dropped significantly, and the effect of A was particularly significant. 3 to 6 mg/kg can reduce blood pressure by 50 to 65% and last for more than 1 hour. During blood pressure reduction, cardiac contractility is only temporarily weakened, and there is no significant change in heart rate and conduction. Anesthesia Intravenous injection of dogs also has antihypertensive effects. The antihypertensive principle of tetrandrine is due to its direct dilation and M-like effect on blood vessels and inhibition of the vasomotor center and sympathetic nervous center. It can effectively reduce the tension of arterial blood vessels. Plasma concentration selectively dilates arterial resistance vessels, resulting in reduced afterload and increased cardiac output. Tetrandrine does not cause an obvious reflex increase in heart rate when lowering blood pressure, which is different from vasodilator drugs such as hydralazine. Protein B also has a hypotensive effect, with the same properties as Protin A, but its effect is weaker than that of Protin A, and it is easy to produce rapid tolerance. Protin C has a stronger antihypertensive effect than Protin A, and the blood pressure reduction has nothing to do with the vagus nerve, and the heart is not inhibited. .
⒋Effects on Smooth Muscle Tetrandrine can inhibit isolated rabbit small intestine and uterine smooth muscle of guinea pigs or rabbits, but its effect is dose-related. Low concentrations of Tetrandrine can increase the tone of isolated rabbit intestines , the rhythmic contractions are strengthened, the tension is reduced at high concentrations, and the rhythmic contractions are weakened. It has no obvious effect on the isolated and eutopic uterus. Larger doses can partially inhibit the spasmodic contractions caused by pilocarpine and barium chloride. It is effective on the bronchi of guinea pigs and cats. Smooth muscle causes contraction, which is caused by the release of histamine. Tetrandrine has a significant inhibitory or relaxing effect on the contraction of the isolated rat uterus caused by oxytocin and Ca after high K depolarization. The mechanism is Inhibits uterine smooth muscle through the action of Ca. The relaxing effect of tetrandrine on vascular smooth muscle is not affected by phentolamine blocking vascular?-receptors or propranolol blocking?-receptors. Experiments have also proven that: Tetrandrine The relaxation of vascular smooth muscle by steroids is caused by the selective blocking of slow channel Ca influx, and its inhibitory intensity on smooth muscle contraction induced by potassium chloride, calcium chloride and norepinephrine is similar to that of the calcium channel blocker Valapin. In the isolated rabbit intestine, the tension of Fangdipropanol increased at low concentrations and the rhythmic contractions strengthened, while the tension decreased and the rhythmic contractions weakened at high concentrations.
⒌Effects on striated muscles. Various alkaloids of Tetrandrol have the effect of relaxing striated muscles. It has been reported that total alkaloids of Tetrandrol and its methylated compounds can relax striated muscles and are used as auxiliaries for traditional Chinese medicine anesthesia. An alkaloid (non-A, B, or C) extracted from Tetrapangoidea has been shown in animal experiments to have a significant relaxing effect on striated muscles, and this effect can be antagonized by neostigmine.
⒍Anti-cancer effect Tetrandrine has obvious anti-cancer effect. It can kill Ehrlich ascites cancer cells in vitro and slightly inhibit the growth of S180 cells. It has obvious cytotoxic effect on KB cells and Hela cells. . It has a certain inhibitory effect on liver cancer cells. As the concentration of tetrandrine increases, the degree of damage to liver cancer cells becomes more serious. However, low concentration (3.2?g/ml) of tetrandrine causes damage to liver cancer cells. Slightly, and with the extension of culture time, the damaged cells tend to recover. When the drug concentration is 16-24?g/ml, it has obvious damaging effects on human liver cancer cell lines, while the drug concentration is 80?g/ml. ml, it has a lethal effect on cells. In vivo, it has a significant inhibitory effect on Ehrlich ascites cancer, ascites type, B type and T type, and liver cancer mouse tumor line, W256. Experiments have proved that its anti-cancer effect is related to anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects. There is a certain relationship, but the relationship with the central and peripheral nervous systems is not obvious.
⒎Anti-pathogenic microorganism effects Tetrandrine A and Tetrandrine B both have anti-amoeba effects in vitro, and their effects are stronger than berberine. When the concentration of Tetrandrine A is 1:200 and 1:400 It is effective against Shigella spp., but is ineffective against Shigella flexneri and Shigella flexneri. Tetrapangoside has antifungal effects in vitro.