Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month, also known as the Lantern Festival and Spring Lantern Festival, is a traditional folk festival in China. The first month is the first month of the lunar calendar. The ancients called it "Xiao", and the fifteenth day is the first full moon night in a year, so the fifteenth day of the first month is called the Lantern Festival. Also known as the first lunar month, Yuanxi or Lantern Festival, it is the first important festival after the Spring Festival. China has a vast territory and a long history, so the customs of Lantern Festival are different all over the country. Among them, eating Lantern Festival, watching lanterns, dancing dragons and Lantern Festival are one of the traditional festivals in China, which existed in the Western Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago. Lantern Festival viewing began in the period of Emperor Hanming in the East, and Ming Di advocated Buddhism. He heard that Buddhism had the practice of monks watching Buddhist relics and lighting lamps to worship Buddha on the 15th day of the first month, and ordered them to light lamps in palaces and temples on this night. Later, this Buddhist ceremonial festival gradually formed a grand folk festival. The festival has experienced the development process from the palace to the folk, from the Central Plains to all parts of the country. On the 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar, just after the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival, a traditional festival in China, is ushered in. The first month is the first month of the lunar calendar. The ancients called the night "Xiao", so they called the fifteenth day of the first month the Lantern Festival. The 15th day of the first month is the night of the first full moon in a year, and it is also the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. On the night in spring returns, people celebrate this and celebrate the continuation of the Spring Festival. Lantern Festival is also called "Shangyuan Festival". According to the folk tradition in China, on this bright night, people light up thousands of lanterns to celebrate. Going out to enjoy the moon, lighting lamps and setting off flames, enjoying solve riddles on the lanterns, having Lantern Festival, family reunion and celebrating the festive season are enjoyable [1]. During the reign of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, the fifteenth day of the first month was named Lantern Festival. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the sacrificial activities of "Taiyi God" were scheduled for the 15th day of the first month. Taiyi: the God who rules everything in the universe. When Sima Qian founded the "taichu calendar", he had identified the Lantern Festival as a major food festival. Another theory is that the custom of burning lanterns in Lantern Festival originated from the Taoist "three-yuan theory"; The 15th day of the first month is Shangyuan Festival, the 15th day of July is Zhongyuan Festival, and the 15th day of October is Xiayuan Festival. The officials in charge of the upper, middle and lower three elements are heaven, earth and man respectively, and the heaven official is happy, so the lantern festival should be lit. The festivals and customs activities of the Lantern Festival are extended and expanded with the development of history. As far as the length of the festival is concerned, it was only one day in the Han Dynasty, three days in the Tang Dynasty, and five days in the Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the lights were lit from the eighth day of the eighth month until the night of the seventeenth day of the first month, for ten days. Connecting with the Spring Festival, the day is the city, which is very lively, and the lights are lit at night, which is spectacular. Especially the exquisite and colorful lights make it the climax of entertainment activities during the Spring Festival. By the Qing Dynasty, there were more "hundred plays" such as dragon dancing, lion dancing, roller boating, walking on stilts and dancing yangko, but the festival period was shortened to four to five days. Shangyuan means the first full moon night in the new year. The origin of Shangyuan Festival is recorded in Miscellanies at the Age of Years, which is a Taoist stereotype. Taoism once called the fifteenth day of the first month of the year Shangyuan Festival, the fifteenth day of July as Zhongyuan Festival, and the fifteenth day of October as Xiayuan Festival, which were collectively called "Sanyuan". The gods worshipped by Wudou Midao, an important faction of Taoism at the end of Han Dynasty, were Tianguan, Diguan and Shuiguan. They said that heavenly god blesses the people, the Diguan pardoned sins and Shuiguan relieved Eritrea, and they matched three officials with three yuan, saying that Shangyuan Tianguan was born on the 15th of the first month, Zhongyuan Diguan was born on the 15th of July and Xiayuan Shuiguan was born on the 15th of October. In this way, the fifteenth day of the first month is called Shangyuan Festival. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Wu Zimu said in Dream Liang Lu: "On the fifteenth day of the first month, it is the day of heavenly god blesses the people in Shangyuan." It is said that heavenly god blesses the people, the local officials forgive sins, but the real motivation of Lantern Festival custom is that it is at a new time point, and people make full use of this special time stage to express their wishes for life.

The formation of Lantern Festival custom has a long process. According to historical data and folk legends, the fifteenth day of the first month has been paid attention to in the Western Han Dynasty. The activity of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to sacrifice "Taiyi" in Ganquan Palace on the first night of the first month (Taiyi: the god who dominates everything in the world) is regarded by later generations as the forerunner of offering sacrifices to the gods on the fifteenth day of the first month. However, the fifteenth day of the first month was really a folk festival after the Han and Wei Dynasties. The introduction of Buddhist culture in the Eastern Han Dynasty is of great significance to the formation of the custom of Lantern Festival. Lantern Festival lanterns

During the Yongping period of Emperor Hanming (58-175 AD), because the Ming Emperor advocated Buddhism, it coincided with Cai Cheng's return from India to seek Buddhism, saying that on the fifteenth day of the first month in Mohatuo, India, monks gathered to pay tribute to Buddhist relics, which was an auspicious day to participate in Buddhism. In order to promote Buddhism, Emperor Han Ming ordered "burning lamps to show Buddha" in the palace and temple on the fifteenth night of the first month. Therefore, the custom of burning lanterns on the fifteenth night of the first month has gradually spread in China with the expansion of the influence of Buddhist culture and the addition of Taoist culture. It is also said that the Lantern Festival originated from the "Torch Festival". In the Han Dynasty, people held torches in rural fields to drive away insects and beasts, hoping to reduce pests and pray for a good harvest. To this day, people in some areas in southwest China still make torches out of reeds or branches on the fifteenth day of the first month, and hold them high in groups and dance in fields or grain drying fields. Since the Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties, it has been in full swing. Tens of thousands of people took part in singing and dancing, from faint to dull. With the changes of society and times, the customs of Lantern Festival have changed greatly, but it is still a traditional folk festival in China. Another theory is that the custom of burning lanterns in Lantern Festival originated from the Taoist "three-yuan theory"; The 15th day of the first month is Shangyuan Festival, the 15th day of July is Zhongyuan Festival, and the 15th day of October is Xiayuan Festival. The officials in charge of the upper, middle and lower three elements are heaven, earth and man respectively, and the heaven official is happy, so the lantern festival should be lit. The festivals and customs activities of the Lantern Festival are extended and expanded with the development of history. As far as the length of the festival is concerned, it was only one day in the Han Dynasty, three days in the Tang Dynasty, and five days in the Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the lights were lit from the eighth day of the eighth month until the night of the seventeenth day of the first month, for ten days. Connecting with the Spring Festival, the day is the city, which is very lively, and the lights are lit at night, which is spectacular. Especially the exquisite and colorful lights make it the climax of entertainment activities during the Spring Festival. By the Qing Dynasty, there were more "hundred plays" such as dragon dancing, lion dancing, roller boating, walking on stilts and dancing yangko, but the festival period was shortened to four to five days.

Edit the related legends in this paragraph.

Origin of lighting lanterns

Legend has it that a long time ago, there were many fierce birds and beasts that hurt people and livestock everywhere, so people organized to beat them. A god bird landed on earth because it got lost, but was accidentally shot dead by an unsuspecting hunter. The Emperor of Heaven was very angry when he learned about it. He immediately sent a decree and ordered the heavenly soldiers to set fire to the earth on the 15th day of the first month, and burned all the human and animal property. The daughter of Emperor Tiandi was kind-hearted. She couldn't bear to see the innocent suffering of the people, so she risked her life and secretly drove Xiangyun to the world to tell people the news. When people heard the news, it was like a thunderclap on their heads, and they were so scared that they didn't know what to do. It was a long time before an old man came up with an idea. He said, "On the 14th, 15th and 16th of the first month, every family decorated their houses, lit firecrackers and set off fireworks. In this way, the Emperor of Heaven will think that people have been burned to death. " Everyone nodded and said yes, so they were ready to go separately. On the night of the fifteenth day of the first month, the Emperor looked down and found that the world was red and the noise was deafening for three consecutive nights. He thought it was the flame of a big fire, and his heart was so happy. In this way, people saved their lives and property. In order to commemorate this success, every household hangs lanterns and sets off fireworks to commemorate this day on the fifteenth day of the first month.

Emperor Wen of Han commemorates Pinglu.

Legend has it that the Lantern Festival was set up in memory of Pinglu when Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty. After the death of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, Lv Hou's son Liu Ying became Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty. Huidi was born weak and indecisive, and the power gradually fell into the hands of Lv Hou. After the death of Emperor Huidi, Lv Hou monopolized the state affairs and turned Liu's world into Lu's world. The old minister in the DPRK and Liu's imperial clan were deeply indignant, but they were all afraid of Lv Hou's cruelty and dared not speak out. After Lv Hou's death, Zhu Lu was afraid of being hurt and excluded. So, in the home of the general Lv Lu, they secretly assembled and conspired for the insurrection, so as to completely seize Liu Jiangshan. The matter reached the ears of Liu Nang, the king of the Liu clan. Liu Nang decided to attack Zhu Lv in order to protect Liu Jiangshan. Later, he got in touch with zhou bo and Chen Ping, the founding elders, and designed to remove Lv Lu. After the rebellion, all the ministers established Liu Bang's second son, Liu Heng, to reign, calling him Emperor Wen. Deeply impressed by the hard-won peace and prosperity, Wen Di put an end to the "Zhu Lv Rebellion". Since then, the fifteenth day of the first month has become a popular folk festival-"Lantern Festival". Another theory is that the custom of burning lanterns in Yuanxiao [2] originated from the Taoist "three-yuan theory"; The 15th day of the first month is Shangyuan Festival, the 15th day of July is Zhongyuan Festival, and the 15th day of October is Xiayuan Festival. The officials in charge of the upper, middle and lower three elements are heaven, earth and man respectively, and the heaven official is happy, so the lantern festival should be lit. The festivals and customs activities of the Lantern Festival are extended and expanded with the development of history. As far as the length of the festival is concerned, it was only one day in the Han Dynasty, three days in the Tang Dynasty, and five days in the Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the lights were lit from the eighth day of the eighth month until the night of the seventeenth day of the first month, for ten days. Connecting with the Spring Festival, the day is the city, which is very lively, and the lights are lit at night, which is spectacular. Especially the exquisite and colorful lights make it the climax of entertainment activities during the Spring Festival. By the Qing Dynasty, there were more "hundred plays" such as dragon dancing, lion dancing, roller boating, walking on stilts and dancing yangko, but the festival period was shortened to four to five days.

Dong Fangshuo and Yuanxiao Girl

This legend is related to the custom of eating Yuanxiao: According to legend, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had a favorite named Dong Fangshuo, who was kind and funny. One winter, it snowed heavily for several days, and Dong Fangshuo went to the Imperial Garden to fold plum blossoms for Emperor Wu. As soon as I entered the garden gate, I found a maid-in-waiting in tears ready to throw herself into the well. Dong Fangshuo rushed forward to help and asked why she wanted to commit suicide. It turns out that this maid-in-waiting named Yuanxiao has parents and a sister at home. Since she entered the palace, she has never missed the legend of Dong Fangshuo and Yuanxiao girl.

When I meet my family, I miss my family more than usual every year when spring comes. I think it is better to die than to be filial in front of my parents. Dong Fangshuo was deeply sympathetic to what happened to her and assured her that she would try to reunite her with her family. One day, Dong Fangshuo left the palace and set up a divination booth on Chang 'an Avenue. Many people are vying to ask him for divination. Unexpectedly, what everyone wants is the signature of "the sixteenth day of the first month burns us". Suddenly, there was a great panic in Chang 'an. People are asking for solutions to the disaster. Dong Fangshuo said, "On the evening of the fifteenth day of the first month, Vulcan will send a goddess in red to visit the earth. She is the messenger who ordered the burning of Chang 'an. I will give you the transcribed poems, so that today's emperors can do something." Say that finish, then dropped a red post and roared off. The common people picked up the red post and quickly sent it to the palace to report to the emperor. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took it and saw that it said, "Chang 'an is robbing, the imperial palace is being burned by fire, and the fire is burning for fifteen days, and the midnight snack is red." He was so frightened that he quickly invited Dong Fangshuo, who was resourceful. Dong Fangshuo thought for a while, and said, "I heard that Vulcan loves to eat glutinous rice balls. Doesn't Yuanxiao in the palace often make glutinous rice balls for you? Let Yuanxiao make dumplings on 15th night. Long live the incense and offerings, and command every family in Kyoto to make dumplings and worship Vulcan together. Then tell the subjects to hang lights together on the fifteenth night, light firecrackers and set off fireworks all over the city, which seems to be a fire all over the city, so that the jade emperor can be fooled. In addition, inform the people outside the city that they will go to the city to watch the lights on the fifteenth night, and they will eliminate disasters and solve problems in the crowd. " Upon hearing this, Emperor Wu was very happy, so he sent a decree to do it according to Dong Fangshuo's way. On the fifteenth day of the first month, Chang 'an city was decorated with lanterns and colorful decorations, and tourists were bustling and lively. The parents of the maid-in-waiting Yuanxiao also took their sister to the city to watch the lights. When they saw the big palace lantern with the words "Yuanxiao" written on it, they shouted in surprise: "Yuanxiao! Lantern Festival! " When Yuanxiao heard the shouts, she was finally reunited with her relatives at home. After such a busy night, Chang 'an was safe. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was overjoyed, so he ordered that glutinous rice balls should be made for Vulcan every fifteenth day of the first month, and the whole city would hang lights and set off fireworks on the fifteenth day of the first month. Because Yuanxiao makes the best dumplings, this day is called Lantern Festival.

Yuan Shikai and Yuanxiao

Legend has it that Yuan Shikai, a national thief, usurped the achievements of the Revolution of 1911, was bent on restoring the throne as emperor, but he was afraid of people's opposition, and he was always on tenterhooks. One day, he heard people selling Yuanxiao in the street screaming, "Yuan-Xiao." I think that the word "Yuanxiao" is homophonic with "Yuan Xiao", which is suspected of Yuan Shikai's extinction and associated with my own destiny. So before the Lantern Festival in 19 13, it was forbidden to call it "Yuanxiao", and it could only be called "glutinous rice balls" or "powdered fruit". However, the word "Yuanxiao" was not cancelled because of his will, and the people did not buy his account, so it was still circulated among the people.

Edit this festival custom

Since the custom of decorating lanterns on Lantern Festival was formed, the fifteenth day of the first month has been a great event in all dynasties. Liang Jian Wendi once wrote a poem "Liedeng Fu": "The south oil is full, and the west paint is burning. Su Zheng rests in peace, and wax comes out of Longchuan. "The oblique light reflects each other, and the reflection is clear." It depicts the grand occasion when the court decorated lanterns at the Lantern Festival. During Emperor Yangdi's reign, a grand party was held on the 15th day of the first month every year to entertain guests and envoys from all over the world. According to "Sui Shu Music Records", the Lantern Festival is very grand, with lanterns and colorful decorations everywhere, singing and dancing day and night, with more than 30,000 performers and more than 18,000 musicians. The stage is eight miles long, and countless people are playing and watching the lanterns, staying up all night, enjoying themselves and being very lively. In the Tang dynasty, it developed into an unprecedented lantern market, and after the middle Tang dynasty, it has developed into a national carnival. During the prosperous time of Kaiyuan in the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (685-762 AD), the lantern market in Chang 'an was very large, with 50,000 lanterns and various lanterns. The emperor ordered people to make giant lantern buildings, reaching 20, with a height of 150 feet, which was golden and spectacular. In the Tang Dynasty, a curfew was imposed, and it was forbidden to travel when the drums were banned at night, and people who committed crimes at night were punished. Only on the Shangyuan Festival, the emperor granted a three-day ban, which was called "letting the night go". Along the Song Dynasty, lanterns were extended from three nights to five nights, fireworks were set off in addition to lanterns, and various juggling performances were performed, making the scene more lively. It is recorded in "Dream of Tokyo" that during the Lantern Festival, on the Imperial Street in Kaifeng, 10,000 lanterns are built into a lantern mountain, and the lanterns are fireworks, which are resplendent and splendid. Girls in Kyoto are singing and dancing, and people are watching. "Visitors gather under the two colonnades of the Imperial Street, with marvelous skills, singing and dancing, tangency of scales, and noisy music for more than ten miles." In the streets, tea houses and wine shops, lights and candles are burning together, gongs and drums are ringing, firecrackers are ringing, and hundreds of miles of lights are on, and compatriots everywhere celebrate the Lantern Festival.

In the Ming Dynasty, after Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne in Jinling, in order to make the capital prosperous and lively, it was also stipulated that the lights would be on the eighth day of the first month, and the lights would be off on the seventeenth day for ten nights in a row. All kinds of characters were depicted on the lights, dancing and dancing, birds flying and flowers flying, dragons leaping and dragons dancing, lanterns and fireworks shining all night, drums and music playing, which was the longest Lantern Festival in China. In the Qing Dynasty, Manchu entered the Central Plains. The date was shortened to five days and continues to this day. Solve riddles on the lanterns's "solve riddles on the lanterns", also known as "playing riddles", is an activity added after the Lantern Festival. Lantern riddles first developed from riddles and originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is a literary game full of ridicule, discipline, humor and banter. The riddle hung on the lamp for people to guess and shoot, which began in the Southern Song Dynasty. "Old Things in Wulin: Lamps" records: "When writing poems with silk lanterns, people laugh at them, and draw characters, hide their heads and slang words, and tease pedestrians. "On the Lantern Festival, the emperor city stays up all night, and spring night enjoys the lantern festival. The people are mixed. Poems and riddles are written on lanterns, reflected in candles, and listed in the thoroughfare, so people can guess, so they are called" lantern riddles ". Nowadays, every Lantern Festival, riddles are played everywhere. I hope this year will be jubilant and safe. Because riddles are enlightening and interesting, they are welcomed by all walks of life in the process of spreading. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, various acrobatic skills began to appear in the lantern market. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, besides riddles and hundreds of operas, there were also opera performances. In addition to visiting the lantern market, people in the past dynasties also had customs such as welcoming Zigu to worship Ce Shen and crossing the bridge to touch nails and walk away from all diseases, and played games such as beating Taiping drum, yangko, stilts, dragon dance and lion dance. The Lantern Festival in traditional society is a folk festival that is valued by both urban and rural areas. It is particularly lively in the city, and it embodies the unique carnival spirit of China people. The function of festival custom carried by traditional Lantern Festival has been dispelled by daily life, and people have gradually lost their spiritual interest. The complex festival custom has been simplified to the food custom of "eating Lantern Festival". Dance dragon lantern

Play dragon lantern, also known as dragon lantern or dragon dance. Its origin can be traced back to ancient times. Legend has it that as early as the Yellow Emperor's period, in a large-scale song and dance of Qing Jiao, there was an image of a leading bird played by a man, and then a dance scene with six dragons interspersed with each other was arranged. The dragon dance recorded in writing is Zhang Heng's "Xijing Fu" in the Han Dynasty. The author vividly describes the dragon dance in the description of hundreds of plays. According to the Records of Sui Shu Music, Huanglongbian, which was similar to the dragon dance performance in hundreds of plays during Emperor Yangdi's reign, was also very wonderful, and dragon dance was popular in many places in China. The Chinese nation advocates dragons and regards them as auspicious symbols. Walking on stilts is a popular folk mass performance. Stilts originally belong to one of the hundreds of plays in ancient China, which appeared as early as the Spring and Autumn Period. In China, stilts were first introduced in Liezi Shuofu: "Those who had lanzi in the Song Dynasty used their skills to dry the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Song and Yuan Dynasties summoned them to see their skills. Lion Dance is an excellent folk art in our country. Every Lantern Festival or assembly celebration, people always come to entertain with lion dance. This custom originated in the Three Kingdoms period and became popular in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. It has a history of more than 1000 years. Folk Traditional Program-Lion Dance

Rowing a dry boat, folklore is to commemorate Dayu who has made great contributions to water control. Rowing a dry boat, also known as running a dry boat, is to imitate the boat on land, and most of the performers are girls. A dry boat is not a real boat. It is made of two thin sheets, sawed into a boat shape, tied with bamboo and wood, covered with colored cloth, tied around the girl's waist, just like sitting in a boat, rowing with paddles in hand, singing and dancing while running. This is a dry boat. Sometimes, another man dressed as a boatman and performing with a partner, mostly dressed as a clown, amused the audience with all kinds of funny actions. Dry boating is popular in many areas of our country. In ancient times, there were "seven sacrifices" at the sacrificial gate and the sacrificial household, which were two of them. The method of sacrifice is to insert poplar branches above the door, insert a pair of chopsticks in a bowl filled with bean porridge, or put wine and meat directly in front of the door. The activity of chasing rats is mainly for sericulture families. Because mice often eat silkworms in large areas at night, it is said that mice can stop eating silkworms by feeding them rice porridge on the fifteenth day of the first month. As a result, these people cooked a large pot of sticky porridge on the fifteenth day of the first month, and some of them covered it with a layer of meat. They put the porridge in a bowl and put it in the ceiling, corner and mouth where mice were infested, cursing the mice that they would not die a natural death if they ate silkworm babies again. According to The Chronicle of Jingchu's Age, on the fifteenth day of the first month, a fairy descended to a family named Chen and said to them, If you can sacrifice to me, your silkworm will have a bumper harvest this year. Later, customs were formed. Sending lanterns to children is also called "sending lanterns" for short, that is, before the Lantern Festival, the bride's family sends lanterns to her newly married daughter's home, or ordinary relatives and friends give them to the newly married infertile home, in order to add good luck, because "lamp" is homophonic with "Ding". This custom is found in many places. In Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province, lanterns are given during the eighth to fifteenth day of the first month. In the first year, a pair of palace lanterns and a pair of glass lamps with colorful paintings are given. I hope that my daughter will be lucky and have children early after marriage. If the daughter is pregnant, in addition to the big palace lantern, one or two pairs of small lanterns should be sent to wish her a safe pregnancy. Ying Zi Gu Zi Gu is also called Qi Gu, and in the north, it is called toilet Gu and Hang San Gu. The ancient folk custom is to offer sacrifices to Ce Shen Zigu on the 15th day of the first month, and to divine silkworm and mulberry, which accounts for many things. Legend has it that Zigu was originally a concubine and was envied by the eldest woman. She was killed in the toilet on the fifteenth day of the first month and became Ce Shen. On the night of greeting Zigu, people tie up a portrait of Zigu with straw and cloth heads, and greet it with a pigsty in the toilet at night. This custom is popular all over the north and south, and it was recorded as early as the Northern and Southern Dynasties. On the Lantern Festival, "Walking through All Diseases" to Seek Well-being

Walking through all kinds of diseases, also known as swimming through all kinds of diseases, dispersing all kinds of diseases, baking all kinds of diseases, walking across the bridge, etc., is an activity to eliminate disasters and pray for health. On the night of Lantern Festival, women meet and travel together, and when they see a bridge, they must cross it, thinking that this can cure diseases and prolong life. Walking away from all diseases is a custom in the north since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some of which are carried out on the 15th, but most of them are carried out on the 16th. On this day, women dressed in festive costumes went out of their homes in droves, crossed the bridge to cross the danger, went to the city, and begged for children until midnight. Vegetable Stealing Festival, which is popular among Miao people in Ping Huang, Guizhou Province, is also held on the 15th day of the first lunar month every year. On this day of the festival, girls will steal other people's food in droves. It is forbidden to steal from their own family or from friends of the same sex, because stealing food is related to their marriage. The stolen vegetables are limited to cabbage, and the quantity is enough for everyone to eat. Stealing vegetables is not afraid of being discovered, and people who are stolen don't blame it. Everyone gathered the stolen dishes together and made a cabbage feast. It is said that whoever eats the most can get the right person early, and at the same time, the silkworms they raise are the strongest and they spit out the best silk. Bawu Festival, a traditional festival of the Yi people, falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. "Bawu" means "coming back from hunting". It is found in the black living residential area of the Yi branch in Heqing, Yunnan. At that time, this festival was originally a custom activity to celebrate the return from hunting, and there was no fixed festival. Representative things of Lantern Festival

Edit this paragraph of food customs

Eating Yuanxiao on the fifteenth day of the first month, as a food, has a long history in China. In the Song Dynasty, a novel food for the Lantern Festival was popular among the people. This kind of food was first called "Floating Yuanzi" and later called "Yuanxiao", and businessmen also called it "Yuanbao". Yuanxiao, or "Tangyuan", is filled with white sugar, rose, sesame, red bean paste, yellow cinnamon, walnut kernel, nuts, jujube paste, etc., and wrapped in glutinous rice flour into a round shape, which can be vegetarian and has different flavors. It can be boiled in soup, fried and steamed, which means a happy reunion. Shaanxi dumplings are not wrapped, but "rolled" in glutinous rice flour, or boiled or fried, hot and round. At the same time, we should eat some seasonal food, and pour rice porridge or bean porridge with meat and poop soup in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. However, this food is mainly used for sacrifices, and it is not a holiday food. It was not until the Tang Dynasty that Zheng Wangzhi's "The Record of the Chef" recorded: "Dieting in the middle of the year, going to the oil hammer." The method of making an oil hammer is similar to that of frying Yuanxiao in future generations, according to a record of "Shang Shi Ling" quoted from Taiping Guangji and Lushi ZaShuo. Some people call it "the pearl of oil painting". night of the 15th of the first lunar month；Lantern Festival；yuanxiao

In the Tang Dynasty, flour silkworms were eaten during the Lantern Festival. Wang Renyu (1880-1956) recorded in the Legacy of Kaiyuan Tianbao: "The custom of artificial silkworm was still left over in the Song Dynasty every year, but different seasonal foods were more abundant than those in the Tang Dynasty." Lu Yuanming's Miscellaneous Notes on the Year of the Year mentioned: "Peking people use mung bean powder as a branch to fight soup, cook glutinous rice as a pill, and sugar as a mash, which is called Yuanzi Salt Soybeans. Cooking soup with mixed meat is called salt and black bean soup, and it is like making silkworms every day, all of which are eaten on the Yuan Festival. " By the Southern Song Dynasty, the so-called "lactose dumpling" appeared, which should be the predecessor of glutinous rice balls. At least in the Ming Dynasty, people called this glutinous rice dumpling Yuanxiao. Liu Ruoyu (born in 1541) recorded the practice of Yuanxiao in "Deliberation in Records": "Its preparation method is to use glutinous rice flour, with walnut kernel, sugar and rose as stuffing, and roll it with water, which is as big as walnut, that is, the glutinous rice balls called in the south of the Yangtze River". During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the "Eight Treasures Lantern Festival" specially made by the Imperial Kitchen was famous for its delicacy in the ruling and opposition parties. Ma Siyuan was the master of making Yuanxiao in Beijing at that time. His Difen Yuanxiao is famous far and near. Fu Zeng (born in 1688)' s "Poems on Bamboo Branches in Shangyuan" says: "Sweet-scented osmanthus is filled with walnuts, and the rice is like a pearl well. See that Ma's family is good at dropping powder, and try to sell Yuanxiao in the wind. " What is sung in the poem is the famous Majia Lantern Festival. In the past thousand years, the production of Yuanxiao has become more and more exquisite. As far as dough is concerned, there are glutinous rice noodles, sticky sorghum noodles, yellow wheat noodles and bract noodles. The contents of the stuffing are sweet, salty, vegetarian and everything. There are so-called sweet-scented osmanthus sugar, hawthorn sugar, assorted, bean paste, sesame seeds, peanuts and so on. Salty with lard meat stuffing, it can be fried and fried for Yuanxiao. There are five-spice Lantern Festival composed of mustard, garlic, leek and ginger, which means hard work, long-term progress. The production methods are also different from north to south. In the north, the Lantern Festival is mostly hand-rolled with a reed, while in the south, the dumplings are mostly kneaded with the palm of your hand. Yuanxiao can be as big as a walnut or as small as a soybean. The cooking methods include taking soup, frying, frying in oil and steaming. With or without stuffing, it is equally delicious. At present, Yuanxiao has become a snack that is prepared at all times, and you can come to a bowl to relieve your hunger at any time.

Edit this paragraph to eat Yuanxiao scientifically.

As the Lantern Festival is approaching, many people have already prepared Yuanxiao at home, and they can't finish a meal. They are even "regular customers" on the table for several days, and breakfast, extra meals and even midnight snacks are indispensable. As the saying goes, it's too late. In fact, it's the same when it comes to eating Yuanxiao. From the nutritional point of view, glutinous rice skin with sweet stuffing such as bean paste, sesame, jujube paste and peanuts or salty stuffing such as fresh meat and vegetable meat are all unhealthy foods with high sugar content and high calorie. So how to eat Yuanxiao in the end, in order to ensure delicious and healthy? It is not suitable for breakfast. Yuanxiao is a high-calorie and high-sugar food. It also contains oil, but it lacks nutrients. There are not many other nutrients except calories and sugar. Such food is not suitable for breakfast in the first place. In addition to the lack of nutrition, it is also because the gastrointestinal function is the weakest when people get up early, and the outer skin of Yuanxiao is sticky and difficult to digest. Therefore, eating Yuanxiao for breakfast is prone to indigestion, which leads to pantothenic acid and heartburn, affecting the work and life of the day. [3]

Edit this paragraph about Lantern Festival customs in China.

The custom of Lantern Festival is also different all over the country. The most lively festival in Beijing and old Beijing is not the Spring Festival, but the Lantern Festival. From the 13th day of the first lunar month to the 17th day of the first lunar month, people in Beijing have to entertain for five days and nights. In the Lantern Festival in old Beijing, the most important activity is to enjoy the lanterns. In the Ming Dynasty, Beijing's lantern market was located in dengshikou, Dongcheng, and there were midnight snacks on both sides of the street, ranging from jewelry and jade articles to daily necessities. All the shops hung lanterns made of silk yarn, burnt beads, bright horns, wheat straw and medulla tetrapanacis for people to watch. By the Qing Dynasty, lantern markets were all over Beijing. Agree 14| Comment (1)