Wenshan County is located in the southeast of Yunnan Province and the west of Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. The county is 63 kilometers wide from east to west and 66 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 2,972 square kilometers. Most areas belong to the subtropical monsoon climate in the westerlies. The highest altitude is 2991.2m, and the lowest is 618m. The county's population is 4 190 18, among which ethnic minorities account for 54%. The county's specialty and precious medicinal material Panax notoginseng ranks first in the country in terms of yield and quality.
Wenshan county is a multi-ethnic county. * * * There are 12 ethnic minorities, mostly Zhuang, Yi and Miao. Due to the large number of nationalities, it shows colorful national culture and customs. The county's population distribution is obvious: the urban population is relatively concentrated, and the dam area, semi-mountainous area and alpine mountain area are relatively scarce.
Geographical climate
Wenshan County is located in the west of southeast Yunnan, between east longitude103 43 ′-104 27 ′ and north latitude 2316 ′-23 44 ′, on both sides of the Tropic of Cancer. It is connected with Yanshan Mountain in the east and north, Maguan County in the south, Xichou County in the southeast and Mengzi and Pingbian counties in Honghe Prefecture in the west. The county spans 63 kilometers from east to west and 66 kilometers from north to south, with a total area of 2972 square kilometers. The county seat is the political, economic and cultural center of Wenshan Prefecture. There are highway trunk lines all around: Kunming, the provincial capital, is 369 kilometers to the north, Nanning, Guangxi, 675 kilometers to the east, bow port 122 kilometers to the south, estuary port 168 kilometers, and Mengzi county 128 kilometers to the west.
Wenshan county belongs to the karst mountain plain area in southeast Yunnan, with rolling mountains, valleys and gullies. The highest peak, Bozhushan, is 299 1.2 meters above sea level, which is the first peak in southeast Yunnan. The lowest Naguo Canyon is 6 18 meters above sea level, which is 2372 meters different from the highest peak, forming the largest alpine canyon in the county. There is a great difference between high altitude and low altitude, and it has the characteristics of various landforms and stereoscopic climate.
A diverse climate. The climate characteristics of Wenshan county are: long spring and autumn, short winter and summer, and little difference among the four seasons. Wenshan has a warm climate all year round, with an average annual temperature of12.8℃-10/℃, a monthly maximum temperature of16.8℃-23℃ and a minimum temperature of 7.2℃-10.6℃. The sunshine time is long, with an average annual sunshine of 3 19 days, 2023. 1 hour; The annual accumulated temperature is 6502℃; Land evaporation1780.2mm; There may be frost in 2008, but the frost-free period is long, with an average of 359 days, and there is light snow occasionally; The rainfall is abundant, with an average annual rainfall of 146.4 days, 992.7mm..
administrative division
In the eighth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1730), it was ruled by Kaihua, and Wenshan County was established. The jurisdiction is Kaihua, Yongping, Annan, Wanglong, Dong 'an, Lelong, Fengchun and Jiangnabali, and then Lelong is divided into * * * Jiuli, which consists of armor and licensing, all of which belong to the original three long lawsuits. In the twenty-fifth year of Jiaqing (1820), Mabaitong was renamed Anping Hall, which was in charge of Fengli in Fengchun, Yongping and Dongan, and Wenshan County was under the jurisdiction of Liuli. In 1 year, the county office was established. In 2 years (19 13 years), the southern district was divided into Jingbian administrative region. The southwest of Wenshan County reaches Ganyu Cave and connects with Xuliuma, with Naguo River as the boundary 1 10 km, with a total area of 6,258 square kilometers. In September of the Republic of China 10, Wenshan County was completely formed. In 18 (1929), the county organization law was promulgated. /kloc-in 0/9, the county office was reorganized into county 0, and autonomous organs at all levels were organized. In 2 1 year, Yanshan administration bureau was set up in the east, and Wenshan county was 2935 kilometers away. The whole county was reorganized into 8 districts, with jurisdiction over 1 1 town and 2 1 township. In the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), in order to mobilize the all-round anti-Japanese war, according to the Baojia Regulations passed by-,the county divided the districts, townships and towns into 2 16 Bao and1922a. In 28 years of the Republic of China, the district system was abolished, and towns and villages were expanded. Counties were newly organized into five towns, 1 1 township, 194 Bao, and1866A. In 32 years of the Republic of China (1943), the county 16 towns were adjusted to 155 Bao and1272A. In 37 years, it was adjusted to 134 Bao and 106 1 A.
1950 1 month The county was liberated and its jurisdiction remained unchanged. In addition to the county towns and Yunwei Town, Taiji (changed to Yongle) and Xinping townships are directly under the county administration, and there are four districts, namely Pingba, Matang, Binglie and Dehou, which govern three towns 1 1 township. In May, five districts were set up in villages and towns, and the whole county was organized into 50 administrative villages and 5 administrative streets, with natural villages and village groups under its jurisdiction. 195 1 year1October, 7 rural administrative villages in the central area and 2 administrative villages in Budu and Tangzizhai in Pingba District were merged into Panzhihua District, with Chengguan District in the county seat and 6 districts in the county. 1952 land reform ended, and 97 townships were built in 6 districts of the county. 1953 land reform review was completed and 74 townships and 3 residents' committees were established. 1954 In addition to Chengguan District, it was adjusted to 8 1 township, with 760 natural villages and 2 1 street group in the county.
1In May, 957, eight townships in Wenshan County, including Mingjiu, Yangliuhe, Mengla, Shesuoba, Yangcaotang, Bainiuchang, Laozhai and Gubulong, were far from the county seat and included in Mengzi County. The total area of Wenshan County has been reduced to 2634 square kilometers. There are 6 districts, 73 townships and 3 residents committees in the county. 1September, 958, the abandoned area was withdrawn from the township, and the people's commune was integrated with the administration and the society. The two districts of Gumu and Bazhai in Maguan County were divided into 12 townships and merged into Wenshan County, with a total area of 6,844.55 square kilometers. 196 1 August, the Yanshan county system was restored, and the total area of Wenshan county was reduced to 2867 square kilometers.
1987 1 February, the district system was reformed, and the district was changed to 16 townships (including: 5 Yi townships, 1 Hui townships) and1towns, and the commune system was abolished. The original township was changed to 125 administrative village offices, and Kaihua Town, a county, still has 5 offices. The county has jurisdiction over 1097 natural villages, 13 rural streets, 47 town streets and *** 1707 production teams. Labaichong and Tuoga townships were placed under Yanshan County, and the total area of Wenshan County was reduced to 2,972 square kilometers, which has remained stable since then.
199 1 year, the county's production team was transformed into an agricultural cooperative. 1993 The towns, administrative villages and offices in the county remained unchanged, and there were116 natural villages and 148 1 cooperatives under its jurisdiction. In August 2000, there were 9 towns and 8 townships, 125 villagers' committees, 5 residents' committees, 1088 natural villages and 153 1 cooperative (production team) in the county.
By the end of 2005, the county had jurisdiction over 8 towns, namely Kaihua, Gumu, Pingba, Matang, Dehou, Xiaojie, Zhuili Street and Laohuilong, and 8 towns, namely Xinjie, Xigu, Leshichong, Dongshan, Liujing, Baxin, Binglie Yi and Hongdian Hui. The county 16 townships (towns) had/kloc.
Population and nationality
Wenshan county is located in the southwest border of the motherland, and its geographical calendar is a multi-ethnic area. According to the fifth national census in 2000, there are 12 ethnic groups living in the county, including Han, Zhuang, Miao, Yi, Hui, Dai, Yao, Bai and Su. The total population is 4,296.64 million (including migrants), including 2,349.75 million ethnic minorities, accounting for 54.69%, 258,846 agricultural population, accounting for 60.24% of the total population, and non-agricultural population1708180,000, accounting for 39.76% of the total population. There are obvious differences in population distribution: the urban population is relatively concentrated, the density of dam area is higher than that of semi-mountainous area, and the semi-mountainous area is higher than that of mountainous area, and the alpine mountainous area is vast and sparsely populated. Wenshan has a long history and a long history of national culture. In the long historical development process, all ethnic groups have created colorful national culture and folk art with strong local characteristics and national characteristics. Miao, Zhuang and Yi are the most representative.
The ancestral home of Miao people in Wenshan County is mostly Hunan and Guizhou. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, there was a record of "Miao sheep" in the Wedding of Tusi in Yunnan and Guizhou. After that, it moved in from the west, and by the middle of Qing Dynasty, it had spread in the western mountainous area of the county. Most of the land in Miao residential areas is barren and short of water, mainly planting corn, buckwheat and other miscellaneous grains and potatoes. Miao women wear colorful embroidered round-headed covers, and all kinds of round beads and flower tassels are hung around them. Wear big silver earrings. The coat is embroidered with a red square pattern, and the belt is the square decoration of the whole dress. It is composed of two pieces with a width of 8_ and 5_, respectively. It is rusted with colored silk thread, and all kinds of beads, coins and colored wool are adorned at its lower end. When you walk, you can accompany the skirt to swing from side to side, and it is melodious. Leggings are triangular black cloth with embroidered patterns and lace sewn on them. Men generally like to wear many pieces of clothes, with 7 pairs of buttons on the buttons, twisted crotch pants with slightly shorter waist and big legs, leggings on the calves and sandals. Apart from the Spring Festival, the biggest traditional festival of the Miao nationality in a year is "Treading on Huashan Mountain", which is usually held on the third day of the first lunar month and lasts for 5 days. The activities are mainly about young men and women singing folk songs and talking about love. There are bullfighting, horse racing, flower pole climbing, Lusheng dancing, playing various folk instruments and other activities on the Huashan field, which are very lively until late at night.
The Zhuang nationality in Wenshan county includes the Tu branch calling itself Budai and Budai and the Nong branch calling itself Bunong. Zhuang people have always lived by mountains and rivers, mainly planting rice, and also planting dry land grain and cotton, which is good at weaving and dyeing. Bunong women's clothes, buns and skirts are all made of self-woven white cloth, dyed cyan with indigo, coated with taro, polished with goose eggs on a smooth slate, and shiny and rustled. The ornaments are mostly silver, and the neck is wearing a silver collar and chain piece. Men wear double-breasted clothes, usually 7 pairs of ordinary clothes with cloth buttons. Young adults usually wear all kinds of modern clothes with the social trend. Budai and Budai are generally similar in dress to Bunon.
The Yi nationality in Wenshan county includes two branches, Pula and Luoluo. Luoluo lives in the valley area, mainly engaged in water farming, combined with a small amount of dry farming. Prado lives in an arid mountain area with poor natural conditions. Women wear many flowered handkerchief, upper body cardigan, lower body wide trousers, chest waist, neck wearing a silver chain, waist wearing a small strap, feet wearing big flowered shoes, men's wear with the social trend.
For a long time, brothers of all ethnic groups have lived in harmony, learned from each other's strengths, and made progress because of their recuperation and intermarriage. The customs of all ethnic groups have their own characteristics, forming their own national literature, folk art, national music and dance, national customs, and * * * together constitute a colorful national culture. Under the cordial care of the party and people, all ethnic groups in the county are like one family, unite as one, work hard and build a beautiful home together.
Cultural relics
Wenshan county has a long history, and human beings have lived here for a long time. It is ancient and magical, and it has a history of more than 2,000 years. In BC 1 1 1 year, the Western Han Dynasty set up counties in the southwest, and Wenshan County became an inseparable part of the territory of the motherland. Since then, thousands of dynasties have changed and storms have changed, and Wenshan people have always been closely related to the fate of the whole Chinese nation. The people of all ethnic groups in Wenshan County have made outstanding contributions in the historical process of developing, building and defending the frontier, enriching the development history of the Chinese nation.
In the 1980s, the blood of Wenshan soldiers and civilians forged the selfless dedication of Laoshan spirit and nurtured the sons and daughters of China. People of all ethnic groups in Wenshan County are constantly creating their own lives with diligence and wisdom, creating the history of Wenshan, loving the motherland and their homeland. Chu Tunan, a famous writer, translator, calligrapher, social activist, professor and former vice chairman of the National People's Congress, is an outstanding figure nurtured in this land with profound national historical and cultural accumulation.
In 2002 1 year1month, the Central Civilization Office confirmed the list of cities nominated by national civilized cities in the creation cycle of 20021-2023, and wenshan city was on the list.
On February 2, 2020, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development named wenshan city as a national model city, county and village for barrier-free environment.
On 25th, 2020 1 1 month, the Ministry of Water Resources announced the third batch of counties (districts) meeting the standards for water-saving society construction, and wenshan city was on the list.
On September 22nd, 2020, the list of "Top 100 Counties and Cities in Western China in 2020" was announced, and wenshan city ranked 39th.
On August 27th, 20 19, the People's Government of Yunnan Province listed wenshan city as a "one county, one industry" demonstration county in Yunnan Province, and the representative industry was the Chinese herbal medicine industry (Sanqi).
On July 30th, 20 19, the National Health and Wellness Commission and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine determined wenshan city as a pilot city for the construction of urban medical complex.
On October 20 18 10, wenshan city was selected as the top 100 counties and cities in western China on October 20 18, ranking 4th1name.
On February 22nd, 20 18, wenshan city was listed in the list of counties (cities, districts) where the development of compulsory education in China was basically balanced in 20 17.