According to records, the plane tree planted in the basin was moved into the temple by Li Qiuqiu Palace in the Song Dynasty. It's time for "beginning of autumn". Tai Shigong shouted, "Autumn is here." After the play, the phoenix tree dropped one or two leaves to express autumn. In fact, according to the standard of climatic division of seasons, the beginning of autumn is when the average daily temperature drops below 22℃ in the second half of the year. There are few areas in China where "beginning of autumn" falls in autumn, except the summer-free areas which are connected in winter and spring and autumn. The earliest areas are in Qiu Lai, Heilongjiang and northern Xinjiang, and will also fall in mid-August. In general, the autumn wind in the capital Beijing will be cooler in early September, and the autumn around Qinhuai begins in mid-September. The autumn wind will blow to Lishui, Zhejiang, Nanchang, Jiangxi and Hengyang, Hunan 165438+ 10 in early June, and the news of autumn will reach Leizhou Peninsula, and the footsteps of autumn will reach the "ends of the earth". "It's so hot after autumn", the temperature is still high in most parts of China around beginning of autumn, and all kinds of crops grow vigorously. Mid-season rice blooms and bears fruit, round stems overnight, soybean pods, corn ears, cotton bolls and sweet potato tubers expand rapidly, and the demand for water is very urgent. The drought in this period will cause irreparable damage to the final harvest of crops. Therefore, there are sayings that "the rice turns into rice after three rains in beginning of autumn" and "the autumn rain is falling, and gold is everywhere". Double-night growth is in a high-temperature to low-temperature environment, so we must seize the favorable opportunity of high temperature, topdressing and ploughing to strengthen management. At present, it is also an important period for cotton to protect peaches and catch autumn peaches. "Cotton beginning of autumn, the height is pulled together." In addition to applying quick-acting fertilizer to the fields with poor growth, topping, pruning, removing old leaves and wiping redundant buds should be carried out in time to reduce boll rot and boll dropping and promote normal maturity and boll spitting. Autumn ploughing in tea garden should be carried out as soon as possible. As the agricultural proverb says, "seven gold diggers and eight silver diggers", autumn tillage can eliminate weeds, loosen soil and improve water conservation and storage capacity. If combined with fertilization, autumn shoots can grow better. Before and after beginning of autumn, the northern Chinese cabbage should be sown quickly to ensure sufficient heat conditions before the low temperature comes, and strive for high yield and high quality. Sowing is too late, the growth period is shortened, the growth of vegetable trees is small, and the core is not solid.
Beginning of autumn season is also a concentrated period of many crop diseases and insect pests, such as yellow rice borer, rice leafhopper, rice planthopper, cotton bollworm and corn borer. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen prediction and prevention. The sowing of winter wheat in the north is about to begin, and preparations such as soil preparation and fertilization should be made as soon as possible. The Significance of beginning of autumn
"It's cool on beginning of autumn Day" obviously associates beginning of autumn with cool weather. It can be seen that beginning of autumn is the beginning of cool autumn. Because of the different latitudes and altitudes, it is practically impossible to enter autumn at the same time in beginning of autumn. According to the climatological standard that the five-day average temperature is between 10℃ and 22℃, in China, except those places with high altitude in north latitude, beginning of autumn is still in hot summer, and even in most parts of Northeast China, there is no autumn scenery with cool breeze and yellow leaves fluttering. For the Sichuan Basin located in the middle subtropical zone, the summer heat is still heavy in August all the year round. Statistics of climate data show that the basin will not enter autumn until the middle and late September. It is impossible to say when autumn begins in the plateau mountainous area where winter is all the year round or winter is long without summer, and spring and autumn are connected. After beginning of autumn, at the jointing and booting stage of late rice in our basin, cotton bolls cracked and vomited, which could not relax field management at all; Mid-season rice and summer corn enter the stage of filling maturity, so it is necessary to guard against the harm of hail, strong wind and heavy rain. The eastern and western parts of the basin should continue to do a good job in drought and flood control respectively. In the basin behind beginning of autumn, although the season is still midsummer, "beginning of autumn is full of yellow in ten days" and a golden "autumn" is coming. Beginning of autumn's custom is to eat meat in beginning of autumn every year. According to the custom of old Beijing, it is to "paste autumn fertilizer". In front of some time-honored meat counters in Beijing, customers who buy meat products will queue up. August 7th, the day of beginning of autumn, is called "autumn fertilizer" among the people. What is "autumn fertilizer"? In fact, in hot summer, people can't eat anything and feel anorexia. Once in beginning of autumn, although the weather is still very hot, people's bodies are no longer wet. After all, cool autumn is coming. So I began to sprout the idea of making something delicious to make up for the deficit since summer. What should I eat? The most satisfying thing is stew! Eating stew to make up for the fat lost in summer is called "sticking autumn fertilizer" Bite Autumn is popular in Tianjin and other places. People believe that eating melons in early autumn can avoid diarrhea in winter and the next spring. In the past, people paid a lot of attention to solar terms, mostly related to diet and disease prevention, which was not unrelated to people's concern for their own health. "Food is the most important thing for the people". Beginning of autumn is a very important solar term, and people certainly can't forget to eat it. Therefore, it is deeply loved by the people in Beijing and Hebei. People have a bad appetite in dog days, so many people will lose weight. In the Qing Dynasty, it was popular among the people to weigh people by hanging scales on days of several volts. Of course, most of them are children, and they are heavier than long Xia, and the test is fat or thin. Losing weight is called "bitter summer". At that time, people often judged health only by being fat and thin. Of course, if you lose weight, you need to make up. The way to make up for it is to go to beginning of autumn, eat delicious food, and "paste the autumn fat". Of course, meat is the first choice, and "stick fat with meat". On this day, ordinary people eat stewed meat, while cultured people eat boiled meat and braised pork, as well as jiaozi, stewed chicken, stewed duck and braised fish. In addition to beginning of autumn's "sticking autumn fertilizer", Tianjin and other places are also popular with "biting autumn". People believe that eating melons in early autumn can avoid diarrhea in winter and the next spring. Zhang Dao's Tianjin Miscellaneous Notes in Qing Dynasty? There is such a record in the Customs of Eighteen: "beginning of autumn can avoid diarrhea by eating melons and biting autumn." In the Qing Dynasty, people put melons, steamed eggplants and fragrant soup in the yard the day before in beginning of autumn, and ate them in beginning of autumn to remove the heat in summer and avoid dysentery. In early autumn, there is also the custom of eating watermelon every day. Autumn peaches used to be very popular in Hangzhou. In beginning of autumn, adults and children should eat autumn peaches, one for each person, and keep the stone after eating. On New Year's Eve, the peach pit was thrown into the stove and burned to ashes. It is thought that this will save the plague for a year. It is also popular to drink "autumn water" in the east and west of Sichuan, that is, at that moment in beginning of autumn, everyone in the whole family will have a drink. It is said that this can eliminate the accumulated summer heat and Qiu Lai will not have a stomachache. In Laixi, Shandong Province, beginning of autumn is popular to eat "dregs", which is a kind of small tofu made of tofu and vegetables. There is a saying that "adults and children don't spit or pull after eating beginning of autumn dregs". So many dietary customs are mostly aimed at preventing dysentery, which shows that workers in China are aware of autumn diarrhea. In the north of China, there is a custom of "putting on autumn fat" every time beginning of autumn solar terms. There may be many explanations about the origin of this custom, but as we all know, due to the low living standard in the northern rural areas of China, after hard work in summer, in order to make up for the loss of workers' bodies, it is necessary to start slaughtering pigs and sheep in this solar autumn and make some nutritious dishes to nourish the strong workers, which is called sticky autumn fertilizer. Some country people entered the city, and this custom was brought to the city. It can be said that in the era of low living standards and lack of material conditions, the custom of attaching autumn fat not only has certain scientific truth, but also plays a very positive role in protecting the health of working people in China. However, today, the custom of pasting autumn fat should also keep pace with the times and change. This is because in the past decade, due to the rapid economic development in China, the living standards of urban and rural residents have improved significantly. Urban residents have not only solved the problem of food and clothing, but also a considerable number of people have become overnourished because of the increase in fat intake, especially the problem of fat intake. According to the survey, the consumption of oil by residents in some big cities has far exceeded the intake index stipulated in the dietary guidelines for residents in China, resulting in an endless stream of obese people, and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and fatty liver has increased year by year. For these people, it should be said that there is no need to stick autumn fertilizer. Otherwise, it is likely to add insult to injury, induce or aggravate the condition. & lt/FONT & gt； Pay attention to pasting autumn fat, not fish and meat, and pay attention to scientific collocation. Although autumn is the time to eat to the fullest, Chinese medicine practitioners who pay attention to food supplement also have their own eating rules, especially in this autumn, which is easy to make people thirsty, not all delicious food can be solved. Therefore, you have to choose the autumn fat. After a long hot summer, people often drink cold drinks and eat frozen products, and their spleen and stomach functions are weakened. Therefore, supplements should not be used in early autumn. A large number of food supplements will suddenly increase the burden on the spleen and stomach, which will make the digestive organs that have been weak for a long time unbearable at once, leading to digestive organ dysfunction, chest tightness, abdominal distension, anorexia, indigestion, diarrhea and other symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to give the spleen and stomach an adjustment and adaptation period before tonic in autumn. You can first supplement some nutritious and digestible foods to regulate the function of the spleen and stomach. Such as fish, lean meat of various animals, eggs, yam, lotus seeds, etc. In addition, dairy products, beans, fresh vegetables and fruits should be eaten in moderation. The way to preserve one's health in autumn began in autumn. Su Wen's Four Qi Tunes the Spirit pointed out: "The man of Yin and Yang in four seasons is the root of all things, so saints nourish Yang in spring and summer and Yin in autumn and winter, so they follow their roots, so the door to growth rises and falls with all things. If they go against their roots, they will break their roots and destroy their truth." Therefore, autumn health care cannot be separated from the principle of "adoption". In other words, the primary task of autumn health care must be to maintain yin in the body. At the turn of summer and autumn, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the temperature is high and low, which is often the "eventful autumn" with frequent diseases. According to the climate characteristics of this period, we should not only prevent heatstroke, but also pay attention to keep out the cold.