Calla lily is a popular potted plant, many people like to breed calla lilies at home, but many people do not understand its breeding methods, accidentally raise it to death. The following is my introduction to the culture of calla lilies and precautions, I hope to help you.

How to breed calla lilies

1. Soil selection

Calla lilies should be planted with a diameter of 30 to 40 cm and deep earthenware pots, alabaster pots, it is preferred to be born in a deep, fertile, loose, slightly acidic sandy loam, which can be used to rotting soil, garden soil, fine sand mixed into a cultured soil at a rate of 6:3:1.

2. Fertilization

Calla lily likes fertilizer, from the long leaves to calla lily before flowering to thin fertilizer, every 10 days or so, 1 time to apply nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium composite liquid or granular fertilizer. Fertilizer should pay attention to do not drop liquid fertilizer on the leaf surface, so as not to cause rot; do not apply nitrogen fertilizer alone, anti-leaf more flowers less or no flowers. Ferrous sulfate can make the leaves bigger, thicker, greener, smoother and glossy, petiole is not easy to grow, so as to ensure that the leaves are beautiful, and at the same time can promote the formation of flower buds, prolong the flowering period. The specific method is: dilute ferrous sulfate into a 7% solution, every 1 month watering 1 time, each time to water through.

3. watering method

Calla Lily like moist, long leaves from mid-autumn to the next spring should be often watering, often keep the potting soil wet and not water as well, and often to the foliage spraying and sprinkling of the ground near the increase in air humidity, conducive to its growth. But whether spraying or sprinkling should avoid spraying water on the flowers, and prevent the water flow to the heart of the leaves, otherwise it is easy to lead to leaf soft rot. In winter to use water with room temperature similar to watering spray. late May should be to reduce the amount of watering, to promote its dormancy, after the yellow leaves to stop watering, will be placed in the horseshoe lily can not rain in a cool ventilated place.

4. Temperature requirements

Calla lily growth temperature of 15 ~ 25 ℃, below 10 ℃ is delayed flowering, below 5 ℃ growth stagnation, 0 ℃ may cause death. In the spring, it is desirable to stabilize the minimum temperature at 10 ℃ out of the shed.

5. Light requirements

Calla lily good sunshine, like long light, avoid strong light. From the mid-autumn long leaves until the winter and spring flowering should see more sunlight, especially after moving into the shed in winter, we should give full light, to maintain more than 10 ℃, New Year's Day to the Spring Festival before the beginning of bracts, March to April up to the blooming period. Insufficient light in winter, the flowering period is delayed, or only bracts do not bloom, or even bracts gradually become green and dried up. late May to ventilate the shady place. Summer heat period is its dormant period, reduce watering and fertilization, the sun strong need to appropriate shade.

6. potting method

potting or turning pots of soil should be carried out in mid-August to mid-September after the autumn, too early, the dormant period is short, the tiller of the tuber is not yet full, affecting the growth; too late, the flowering period is delayed and shortened. It is appropriate to pot a layer of broken hard plastic foam pad at the bottom of the pot to enhance ventilation and drainage, to prevent root rot, and add some bone meal and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium composite fertilizer in the culture soil. When planting, select the sturdy tuber with buds, planting 4 to 5 buds per pot, trimming the senescent part of the bottom of the ball and the small buds sprouting around it. Plant 3 to 5 plants per pot, the buds should be placed squarely on the top, mulch a little thicker. Then water, placed in the shade, and then move to a sunny place after the leaf buds grow.

7. Precautions

(1) calla lilies are afraid of smoke, winter, such as put it on the coal fire cooking and heating room, long-term smoke, a lot of smoke covered in the leaves, will cause yellow leaves or drop flowers, so should pay attention to pots placed in the air circulation without smoke, to prevent smoke.

(2) dwarf cultivation of calla lilies can be treated with doxorubicin, so that it is significantly dwarfed to improve the ornamental value. Usually in the summer after entering dormancy, combined with potting and planting propagation, will be mixed with a small amount of fine soil, sprinkled around the plant, the amount of 10 to 15 grams per pot, depending on the size of the pot. Then water thoroughly, placed in a moist shade, well-ventilated place to cultivate. At the same time to control the fertilization, 3 ~ 4 weeks to apply 1 time fermented liquid fertilizer can be.

(3) pay attention to the fertilizer can not be poured on the leaves, fertilizer immediately after rinsing with water to avoid rotting branches and leaves. Branches and leaves need to remove the external old leaves, in order to facilitate the flower stalks to draw out. 2 ~ April for the blooming period, after May, the weather is hot, began to wither, you can stop watering, so that the pot side of the put, so that it is dry, to promote its dormancy, the leaves are all withered, take out the tubers to dry, storage, and then planted in the fall.

(4) winter if the temperature is about 5 ℃, watering should not be more, to keep the potting soil moist in favor. If the temperature is above 10 ℃, can make the potting soil moist. Layout in the indoor color calla lily throughout the growing season should be often in its leaves and around the spray to increase air humidity.

8. Disease and pest control

Calla lily is susceptible to foliar disease during the growth period. When the onset of the plant leaves appear foliage or green dots, along the leaf veins to produce a strip of yellow spots, petals form miscellaneous colors; severe leaf involute, deformed, or even withered, plant dwarf, affecting the flowering. Calla lily leaf disease is caused by cucumber mosaic virus. This virus is mainly transmitted through sap contact and aphids. There are some differences in disease resistance among different varieties. Since calla lily adopts split-root reproduction, it is easier for this virus to be transmitted from year to year and aggravated year by year. In order to prevent and control the virus, we should select virus-free rhizomes as the material for split-root propagation. Diseased plants are found, promptly pulled out and burned. Other sources of cucumber mosaic virus should also be removed to reduce the spread of the disease. Spray malathion, carbaryl, oxolinic acid and other insecticides to control aphids that spread the virus.

9. Reproduction methods

(1) split-plant reproduction

After the main flowering period or after the dormant period, the clumps of robust mother plant tubers dug up, according to the size of the original tubers and the number of buds, a clump of cut into 2-3 clumps, each clump with 2-3 buds, planted in a separate, normal management, 3 months after the flowering.

(2) molecular ball propagation

Dig up the dormant tubers, after normal division, will also cut off some smaller tubers. These small tubers have to be cultivated in the open ground for 1 to 2 years before they can be made into flowering balls.

Precautions for Calla Lily

Spreading fertilizer:

Lack of fertilizer or over-fertilizing during the growth of Calla Lily will cause yellow leaves, so pay attention to the basal fertilizer (horseshoe tablets are best). Potted plants have limited nutrients, so we should fertilize thinly and diligently, and constantly replenish the potting soil nutrients.

Reproduction points:

The horseshoe lily reproduction is based on split-ball reproduction. After the plant enters the dormant period, peel off the small balls around the tuber and plant them separately. Can also be sown to reproduce, seed maturity that is sown in pots. Germination temperature of about 20 ℃.

Divided plants:

When the flower in May to June, the old leaves gradually withered, and grow new leaves or mid-September potting, the mother plant around the small tubers peeled off, graded on the pot. Generally bloom 3 months after planting.

Sowing:

Indoor pot sowing is the main, germination temperature of 18 ~ 24 ℃, 15 ~ 20 days after sowing germination, live seedlings need to be cultivated for 3 to 4 years to bloom.

Pruning essentials:

Calla Lily is a perennial herb, can bloom many times a year. Cutting off the old leaves diligently can encourage it to bloom many times.

Replacement of potting soil:

Calla lily in late June to early August, combined with potting, will be well-developed large-shaped plant with roots broken by hand (preferably without a knife), planted in a prepared pot. If used as cut flowers, can be planted 2 to 3 more branches, planted in a cool place. Using this method of reproduction, the year September to October can bloom.

Watering points:

Calla Lily has? The calla lily that can't be watered is said to love warmth and humidity. said, because it likes a warm and moist environment, intolerant of drought, so the potting soil should be kept moist, not water. If the environment is dry, spray water to the ground to maintain a moist environment. It should be well watered during the growing and flowering period. Keep the potting soil moist, but watering should be reduced after flowering to facilitate dormancy.

Disease and insect control:

Calla lily tubers are susceptible to rotting disease during the dormant period or storage, available antimicrobial agent 401 acetic acid solution 1000 times sprayed on the surface of the tubers, dried and stored. Pests have red spider and thrips damage, respectively, with 50% ethyl ester acarbophos 1000 times liquid and 2.5% deltamethrin emulsion 4000 times liquid spray.

Tips for breeding calla lilies

1, calla lilies on ? smoke? s aversion: the calla lily on ? Smoke? More sensitive. Stove smoke, smoking will make the calla lily yellow leaves, drop flowers, poor growth.

2, watering: provide enough water (do not plant too shallow; water when the soil becomes dry).

3, drainage: soil drainage should be good to prevent over-wet conditions.

4. Prevent damage to plants and tubers: prevent wind damage to plants, be careful not to let herbicides affect plant growth, and be careful in harvesting and handling operations.

5. Prevent fungal diseases and pests: damage caused by Pythium or filamentous fungi, for example, may provide a harbor for the invasion of Euclidia.

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