The Brazilian tortoise is one of the earliest species successfully propagated by human beings. Compared with many other species, the Brazilian tortoise has the characteristics of early sexual maturity, strong fecundity and strong adaptability to the environment, which is also one of the important factors for people to successfully reproduce it. If you have a Brazilian tortoise, you can also try to breed and hatch it. Here are some ways to breed it.

First, the male and female identification of Brazilian tortoise

Female turtle: the tail base is thin, the cloacal hole is close to the rear edge of the abdominal shell, and the notch formed by the two anal shields of the abdominal shell is shallow and the notch angle is large. The carapace is long and narrow, the center of the carapace is slightly sunken inward, the tail is thick and long, the tail base is thick, the drainage hole is far from the rear edge of the carapace, and the notch formed by the two anal shields of the carapace is deep and the notch angle is small. For most adult turtles of the same year, the male turtle is thin and small; The female turtle is round, thick and big.

The carapace of the female turtle is short and wide, and the carapace is flat without depression in the center, and the tail is thin and short, and the reproductive hole is located in the carapace. Or press the turtle's limbs with your fingers so that they can't extend out, and the excretory hole secretes liquid, which is the female turtle. The carapace of the male turtle is long and narrow, the center of the carapace is slightly sunken inward, the tail is thick and long, the base of the tail is thick, and the cloaca is located outside the carapace. Or press the turtle's limbs with your fingers so that it can't protrude, and its reproductive organs will protrude from the reproductive hole, which is the male turtle.

Second, the sexual maturity of the Brazilian tortoise

The sexual maturity of the Brazilian tortoise is generally about 3~5 years. Generally speaking, for turtles of the same age, the size of female individuals is always larger than that of male individuals. The common Brazilian tortoise weighs 300 grams for males and 500 grams for females. Other turtles have different standards due to different species. Generally speaking, Brazilian tortoises can only lay eggs to hatch young Brazilian tortoises when they are more than one catty sexually mature.

Third, the Brazilian tortoise mating

As soon as the Brazilian turtle reaches the courtship period, the sexually mature male turtle will take the initiative to shake his hand to the female turtle. If the female turtle has the desire to mate, she will also respond to the male turtle by shaking her hand. However, if the female turtle is not sexually mature or has no desire to mate, she will ignore the male turtle. But sometimes the male turtle will make a mistake about the sex, and shake his hand to another male turtle, and the other male turtle will naturally ignore it. If the female turtle is willing to mate, the male turtle will ride on the back of the female turtle, and at the same time, he will extend his genitals from the vent hole of his tail into the vent hole of the female turtle, and the female turtle will turn his tail over to expose the vent hole for the male turtle to enter, so as to fertilize the eggs.

Brazilian red-eared turtle (details)

Iv. Collection of tortoise eggs of Brazilian tortoise

The average number of eggs laid by the Brazilian tortoise per nest is about 10, reaching 16 per nest at many times, and only 5 eggs at few times. Turtle eggs are oblong, which are larger than those of Carassius auratus. Generally, the eggs weigh 6~ 10G, with a long diameter of 36~4cm and a short diameter of 2~25cm. The spawning time is mostly in the early hours of every day. Fertilized turtle eggs develop 1~2 days after delivery, and a milky white area appears at the waist of the eggs, which is the fertilized egg animal pole. The eggs in the nest are naturally lying and stacked together, and the milky white area is on the upward side. Eggs are collected every two days at about 6:30 pm. When collecting eggs, prepare a plastic basin with a layer of fine sand, the thickness of which is about 2cm. Take the eggs lightly. If there is an extremely white area of animals, put the extremely white area of animals upward. If the extremely white area of animals is not obvious or not obvious, it can be moved to the egg collection basin in parallel according to the original state of eggs.

5. Hatching of tortoise eggs of Brazilian tortoise.

Do not move for 24 hours after spawning. See if it is a fertilized egg after 24 hours: there are obvious white lines or plaques on the fertilized egg shell. If there is, it can be hatched. There are two conditions for incubation: temperature and humidity. The temperature is required to be between 22 and 33 degrees, below 27 degrees, the flashy turtles are mostly male, and around 3 1 degree, they are mostly female. The humidity requirement varies according to the hatching materials, and the air humidity requirement is about 80%. If the hatching materials are sandy soil, it is about 12%, and if water moss is used, it is about 30%.

Incubation ponds are generally 2 square meters in size. First, lay fine stones with a thickness of 3-5cm on the bottom of the pond, then put wet sand with a thickness of 3cm, bury the geothermal heating line in the sand, then dig out the eggs every other day, and arrange them on the sand in turn, with the white spots facing upwards and the spacing of 1 cm. Cover the eggs with the wet sand with a thickness of 3cm, then put the second layer, cover the wet sand with the same thickness, and cover the sand surface with a wet cloth to facilitate water spraying. Check it every 2 days. If the sand is dry and white, it should be moistened with a small amount of water. The incubation temperature is controlled at about 30℃ and the relative humidity is kept at about 85%. Small-scale hatcheries are made of wooden boxes with holes in the bottom to facilitate water leakage. Other operations are the same as those in the incubator. According to the size of the container, incandescent bulbs with different wattage can be selected for heating. The temperature is controlled between 24 and 35 DEG C.. Generally, it takes about 60 to 80 days to get out of the shell.

Six, the Brazilian tortoise young turtle care

Put the newly hatched Brazilian tortoise in a small glass box and let it crawl for 3~5 hours. When the umbilical cord of the Brazilian tortoise dries out and converges, use 0. Soak in 6% normal saline for a while, disinfect it, and then put it in an indoor glass box or wooden basin for breeding. Never use manual force to break the umbilical cord of young turtles, which will easily cause casualties of young turtles. Change the water in the hatchling rearing box once or twice a day, strictly control the water temperature at 25~30℃, and spray water into the box several times in hot weather to adjust the temperature and increase the oxygen in the water, so it is not necessary to put food into the hatchling that has just hatched for 1~~2 days. After 2 days, a small amount of cereal feed was started, and then a small amount of cooked eggs, ground fish and shrimp, frog meat, pumpkin and sweet potato were fed.

Every year, a large number of Brazilian tortoises are hatched and flow into the market. As we know, Brazilian tortoises are exotic species, and it will do harm to the environment if they are released into the wild. Therefore, if you want to raise Brazilian tortoises, you must keep them. The price of Brazilian tortoises is cheap, but it is a very classic turtle. It is not the price that you like, so even Brazilian tortoises have a lot of fun to raise.