As a special agricultural product in Xinjiang, the price of cantaloupe transported to the north or south will be many times more expensive, which is why many farmers in Xinjiang have to plant cantaloupe in greenhouses. Then, taking Xinjiang as an example, what is the experience of planting cantaloupe in greenhouse, and how to plant cantaloupe can achieve high yield and high quality? Let's take a look.

First, selective fertilization and film laying

No matter what crops you plant, choosing a suitable place to plant them is the first task, so you should choose according to the characteristics of the crops you want to plant. According to the growth characteristics of cantaloupe, it is suitable for planting in loam, sandy loam or light clay with high organic matter content, loose soil and good permeability. It is reminded that continuous cropping is not suitable for planting cantaloupe, which will affect the growth of cantaloupe. After selecting the land, apply low fertilizer. Because low fertilizer is the nutritional basis for crop growth, it must not be used indiscriminately in terms of dosage and variety. So, what kind of fertilizer is better? It is suggested that organic fertilizer should be used as the main material, and the mechanical ditching should be 25 cm and the ditching distance should be 2.7 meters. In addition, 200 kg of oil residue, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 10 kg of potassium phosphate can be added to the trench soil for mixing. Planting cantaloupe and laying film are the key links. Generally speaking, all films are laid by laminating machine, which can be1.6m or1.8m.. Then,1.4m was left on the surface of the film, leaving a blank space of 0.4m.. When laying the film, the film should be stretched tightly, the film should be close to the ground and the edge of the film should be compacted.

Second, seed treatment and sowing

Some fruit farmers may plant cantaloupe directly without treatment, which is not correct. Generally speaking, after selecting full seeds, the seeds should be soaked in 200 times solution of 40% formalin for about 30 minutes, then taken out after cleaning, or soaked in 10% trisodium phosphate for 30 minutes. Pay attention to airing a little before sowing. After all the seeds are treated, the seeds can be sown when the low temperature of 10 cm under the film is around 15 degrees. Sow 2~3 seeds per hole, with a depth of about 3 cm, and then cover them with fine fluvo-aquic soil. Pay attention to the spacing between plants, keep 40 ~ 45 cm, so that the number of plants per mu is about 900.

Third, on-site management skills

The field management of Hami melon can be divided into pruning, fruit setting, topdressing and pest control. Here, let's talk separately. The emphasis here is how to prune cantaloupe. Usually cantaloupe is pruned by single vine Yi Long. How? First, when the seedlings grow to have 5-6 real leaves, firstly, press the vines on the melon bed with clods, and then press them for 2-3 times as the vines grow. If a single vine is used for pruning, the main vine will generally be left, and then the edges below 9 knots will be removed in time. How to leave melons in plants is also important. Generally, there are no melons in the axils of main vines 1~6 nodes where buds are ground. When the 9~ 12 nodes of the lateral vine come out, leave 2 leaves to pick the core, which is beneficial to sitting behind the melon. It should be noted here that all the side branches above the melon festival should be removed so as not to affect the growth and development of melons. Wait until the young fruit is as big as an egg before fixing the melon. How to repair the melon? Just choose to leave one fruit with a straight melon shape and good growth and development, while all other young fruit nodes and remaining lateral vines should be removed.

Fourth, topdressing

First of all, we must ensure that our base fertilizer is fully applied, so that topdressing can be carried out. At the same time, topdressing is not only random topdressing, but also the number and frequency of topdressing should be determined according to the growth status of seedlings. It is suggested that when the plants produce young melons the size of eggs, the compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be applied once or twice, and water should be poured every 4~5 days after fruit setting. What is the main fertilizer for drip irrigation? Hami melon needs nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer to provide nutrition, so it is suggested to use compound fertilizer with high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, potassium dihydrogen phosphate series called "universal fertilizer" and 50% potassium sulfate.

Five, pest control

In pest control, Hami melon may face diseases such as blight, leaf spot and powdery mildew. The pests mainly include red spiders and aphids. Take powdery mildew of Hami melon as an example. This disease mainly damages leaves. Petiole and stem. The so-called powdery mildew means that small white spots will be formed on the leaves in the early stage of the disease, and many spots will form a large irregular spot in the late stage of the disease. With the disease becoming more and more serious, the damaged leaves will gradually age and die, which is a great threat to the melon orchard. So what should we do to prevent this disease? When the leaves are found to be infected, 70% propiconazole 1500 times solution or 32.5% diniconazole 1200 times solution can be used, and then the leaves can be sprayed every 7 days. Insect pests, almost all red spiders may appear on crops. It is suggested that if red spider appears on Hami melon plants, it can be controlled by spraying 1.8% Alfredo 2500 times solution.