1. B.A.

C. exceed. D. board.

2.B "que", conjunctions, indicating a turning point. A. "Dui", preposition; "Bei", preposition, passive.

C. "Xiang", preposition; "zai", preposition. D. "by virtue", preposition; "Ba", a preposition.

3.b4.c.a. The article only says that "a righteous man should rely on Liu Zhang, and if he doesn't appoint him, he won't have the will", but it doesn't mention that Zhang Song will not be reused. B. France is offering advice to Liu Bei when he met Liu Bei for the second time.

D. Fazheng didn't advise Liu Bei to take Huang Zhong to battle. 5. Sentence breaking and translation (1) On the day of success, you can overthrow the enemy/honor the royal family/eat away at Yong Liang/expand the territory/stick to the key points/be a lasting solution (2) After that, relying on the rich resources of Yizhou and the dangerous terrain of abundance, it is as easy as flipping your palm to achieve the great cause of the emperor.

(2) Liu Bei was very taboo (worried) about this matter after hearing about it, and went to Fazheng to ask for countermeasures. Filial piety is the proper word for Fa Zheng, and he is from Fufeng County.

In the early years of Jian 'an, Fa Zheng went to Shu County to take refuge in Liu Zhang, and was not reused, which was very disappointing. Yizhou Biejia (assistant of state secretariat) Zhang Song has a good relationship with Fazheng. They speculate that it is not worth the great cause of * * * with Liu Zhang, and often secretly sigh.

after visiting Cao Cao in Jingzhou, Zhang Song returned to Yizhou to persuade Liu Zhang to break off relations with Cao Cao and make friends with Liu Bei. Liu Zhang asked, "Who can be an emissary?" Zhang Song recommended Fazheng, and Fazheng declined, but at Liu Zhang's insistence, he had to go.

When Fa Zheng came back, he told Zhang Song that Liu Bei had great talents. They secretly planned to support and serve Liu Bei together, but they never got a chance. Later, because Liu Zhang was afraid that Cao Cao would send generals to conquer Zhang Lu, Zhang Song took the opportunity to persuade Liu Zhang to welcome Liu Bei and let him conquer Zhang Lu.

So Liu Zhang once again asked Fazheng to lead the mission. After Liu Zhang's intention was conveyed to Liu Bei by Fa Zheng, he secretly offered a plan to Liu Bei, saying, "With the general's heroic talent, while Liu Zhang is weak and incompetent now, Zhang Song is an important official in the state. He can meet him internally, and then rely on the rich resources of Yizhou and the dangerous terrain of Tianfu to achieve the great cause of the emperor. It is as easy as flipping the palm of your hand.

"Liu Bei thought what he said was right, so he went up the Jiangxi and met Liu Zhang in Fucheng. Liu Bei went north to Jia Meng to crusade against Zhang Lu, and then returned to the south to attack Liu Zhang.

Zheng Du advised Liu Zhang: "Left general Liu Bei came to attack us alone, with less than 1, soldiers under his command. The army and civilians have not joined him yet. He can only use crops in the field as military food, and the army lacks necessary materials. The best way to deal with him is to drive all the people of Brazil and Zitong to the west of Fushui, burn all the grain in the warehouse and the crops in the field, raise the barriers, dig deep into the trenches and wait for them to arrive.

if they arrive here, they will not endure more than 1 days, and they will certainly flee on their own. At this time, if we pursue, we will certainly capture Liu Bei. "

when Liu Bei heard about it, he was very taboo and asked Fazheng for countermeasures. Fa Zheng said: "Liu Zhang will not adopt Zheng Du's plan in the end, so you don't have to worry."

Liu Zhang, as Fa Zheng said, dismissed Zheng Du and did not adopt his strategy. In the twenty-second year of Jian 'an, Fa Zheng advised Liu Bei to say, "As soon as Cao Cao sent troops, he surrendered to Zhang Lu and pacified Hanzhong. Instead of taking advantage of this situation, he left Xia Houyuan and Zhang Lin stationed in Hanzhong.

nowadays, judging from the intelligence and strategy of Xia Houyuan and Zhang Lin, we can't compare with our generals. If we send troops to make a conquest, we will surely defeat them. When we defeat them, we will develop agriculture, save food, and look for opportunities, so that we can destroy the enemy and worship the royal family in the world, gradually occupy Yongzhou and Liangzhou in the middle, expand our territory, and then stick to dangerous places and make long-term plans.

This is probably a good opportunity given to us by God, and we can't miss it. " Liu Bei agreed with his plan and led all the generals into Hanzhong, and Fa Zheng also went with him.

Liu Bei crossed Mianshui from Yangpingguan to the south, gradually advanced along the mountain, and camped in Dingjun Mountain. Xia Houyuan led his troops to fight for this place.

Fa Zheng said, "You can attack him." Liu Bei ordered Huang Zhong to lead his troops to a high place to bang drums and shout for attack, and defeated Xia Houyuan's army, and Xia Houyuan and others were killed.

Cao Cao's expedition to the west heard of Fazheng's stratagem and said, "I knew Liu Xuande didn't have such a stratagem. He must have been taught." . 2. Reading in Classical Chinese (5 questions, ***18 points) The Story of Qi Huan's Jinwen (excerpt) "Mencius" Qi Xuanwang

1: 2: 3: 4: 5:(1) People say that I am stingy.

(2) The people are not loved because they are unwilling to give kindness to others. Question 1: Wang: Verb, unifying the world Question 2: Both "er" are conjunctions, indicating a turning point.

B. Adverb, indicating judgment, yes/adverb, indicating turning point, unexpectedly. C. preposition, use/conjunction, express purpose, come.

D. Pronouns, their/adverbs, indicate speculative tone, probably. Question 3: The other three "zhi" are pronouns. Question 4: Mencius did not say that "others have a heart, so they should think about it".

"What a master says is also" should be understood as: (this sentence) refers to you (such a person) making a small problem 5:(1) Appropriate: should, should, 1 point; Love: stingy, 1 point; Subject-predicate inversion sentence 1 point (2) See: passive, 1 point; For: because, 1 point; 1 point to the effect. Qi Xuanwang asked, "Can you tell me about the hegemony of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong?" Mencius replied, "None of Confucius' disciples talked about the hegemony of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong, so it has never been circulated in later generations. I have never heard of it.

If you have to talk about it, let's talk about the king. " Qi Xuanwang asked: "What kind of moral character can you have to practice king?" Mencius replied: "No one can stop the king by appeasing the people."

Qi Xuanwang asked again, "Can a person like me appease the people?" Mencius said, "Yes." Qi Xuanwang asked again, "How do you know I can?" Mencius replied, "I heard your recent minister Hu Bi say that once you were sitting in the hall, someone led the cow through the hall, and you asked,' Where is Petunia going?' He replied,' Kill the bell.

' You said,' Let it go! I can't bear to see it tremble with fear, but it will be sent to death without sin. " The man asked,' Why don't we abolish the bell-offering ceremony?' You said,' How can it be abolished? Trade sheep for cattle.

I wonder if there is such a thing? "Qi Xuanwang said," That's true. Mencius said: "Such kindness is enough to practice kingliness.

People thought you were stingy. I knew you were sorry! " Qi Xuanwang said: "There are such people (who misunderstand me). Although Qi is not big, how can I loathe to give up a cow? It is because I can't bear to see it tremble with fear, but I have to send it to death without fault.

That's why we said we would exchange sheep for cattle. " Mencius said, "Don't be surprised that people think you are stingy.

how can they know what you mean when you exchange a small one for a large one? What's the difference between using cattle and using sheep if you pity livestock and send them to death without fault? " Qi Xuanwang smiled and said, "What kind of psychology is this? I am not stingy with money to replace it with a sheep (cow). The people say that I should be stingy. " Mencius said: "it doesn't matter, this is the way of kindness, because you only see cows but not sheep."

A kind-hearted person can't bear to watch animals die when they are alive. Hearing their chirping, I can't bear to eat their meat. Therefore, kind people always stay away from the kitchen. "

Qi Xuanwang said happily, "The Poem says,' Others have ideas, and I can guess them.' This is you.

I did it myself, and when I looked back, I tried to explore the purpose and significance of doing it, but I couldn't get it. After what you said, I feel a little touched again.

why can this kind of mind be in tune with Wang Dao's benevolent policy? Mencius said, "Someone told the King,' My strength can lift three thousand pounds, but I can't lift a feather; My eyesight can see clearly the ends of newly changed animal hair in autumn, but I can't see a big cart of firewood. " Would you agree (with this statement)? "Qi Xuanwang said," No, it won't.

(Mencius immediately went up and said), "Now, your majesty, you are so kind that the animals are grateful, but the people get nothing. What is the reason? In this way, a feather can't be picked up because it doesn't want to use force; A cart of firewood is invisible because it is unwilling to use its eyesight; People are not loved because they don't want to be generous. Therefore, your majesty, if you can't be king, you won't do it, not that you can't do it. " 3. Reading Classical Chinese (5 questions, ***18 points) Qi Huan's literary works (excerpts) "Mencius" Qi Xuanwang asked

The answer was a small question 1B, a small question 2A, a small question 3C, a small question 4C, and a small question 5(1) The people said that I should be stingy.

(2) The people are not loved because they are unwilling to give kindness to others. Question 1: verb, unified world question 2: both "and" are conjunctions, indicating a turning point.

B。 Adverb, indicating judgment, yes/adverb, indicating turning point, unexpectedly.

C。 Preposition, use/conjunction, express purpose, come.

D。 Pronouns, their/adverbs, indicating speculative tone, probably.

The other three "zhi" in question 3 are pronouns. The words in question 4 "Others have a heart, so think about it" are not what Mencius said. "What the master says is also" should be understood as: (this sentence) refers to you (such a person) making a small problem 5(1) Appropriate: should, should, 1 point; Love: stingy, 1 point; Subject-predicate inversion sentence 1 point (2) See: passive, 1 point; For: because, 1 point; 1 point to the effect.

Qi Xuanwang asked, "Can you tell me about the hegemony of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong?" Mencius replied, "None of Confucius' disciples talked about the hegemony of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong, so it has never been circulated in later generations. I have never heard of it. If you can't help it, then let's talk about king. "

Qi Xuanwang asked, "What kind of moral character do you have to be king?" Mencius replied: "No one can stop the king by appeasing the people." Qi Xuanwang asked again, "Can a person like me appease the people?" Mencius said, "Yes."

Qi Xuanwang asked again, "How do you know I can?" Mencius replied, "I heard your recent minister Hu Bi say that once you were sitting in the hall, someone led the cow through the hall, and you asked,' Where is Petunia going?' He replied,' Kill the bell.' You said,' Let it go! I can't bear to see it tremble with fear, but it will be sent to death without sin.

' The man asked,' Why don't we abolish the bell-offering ceremony?' You said,' How can it be abolished? Let's exchange sheep for cattle.' I wonder if there is such a thing? "Qi Xuanwang said," That's true.

Mencius said, "Such kindness is enough to practice kingliness. The common people thought you were stingy, and I knew you couldn't bear it! " Qi Xuanwang said: "There are such people (who misunderstand me).

Although Qi is not big, how can I be reluctant to part with a cow? It is because I can't bear to see it tremble with fear, but I have to send it to death without fault. That's why I said to exchange sheep for cattle. "

Mencius said, "Don't be surprised that people think you are stingy. How do they know your intention when you exchange small ones for large ones? What's the difference between using cattle and using sheep if you pity livestock and send them to death without fault? " Qi Xuanwang smiled and said, "What kind of psychology is this? I am not stingy with money to replace it with a sheep (cow). People say I should be stingy.

"Mencius said," It doesn't matter, this is the way of kindness, because you only see cows but not sheep. A caring person can't bear to watch animals die when he sees them alive; Hearing their chirping, I can't bear to eat their meat.

So, kind people always stay away from the kitchen. " Qi Xuanwang said happily, "The Poem said,' Others have an idea, and I can guess it.

this is you. I did it myself, and when I looked back, I tried to explore the purpose and significance of doing it, but I couldn't get it.

after what you said, I feel a little touched again. Why can this kind of heart be in tune with Wang Dao's benevolent government? " Mencius said: "Someone told the King:' My strength can lift three thousand pounds, but I can't lift a feather; My eyesight can see clearly the ends of newly changed animal hair in autumn, but I can't see a big cart of firewood.

' Would you agree? " Qi Xuanwang said, "No, it won't." (Mencius immediately went up and said:) "Now, your majesty, you are kind, making animals feel grateful, but the people get nothing. What is the reason?" In this way, a feather can't be picked up because it doesn't want to use force; A cart of firewood is invisible because it is unwilling to use its eyesight; People are not loved because they don't want to be generous.

So, Your Majesty, you can't be king. You won't do it, not that you can't. " . 4. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the analysis of 1~5 small questions

: (1)A (This question examines the understanding of the meaning of the content words in classical Chinese, and the word "Yi Cai" in A should mean "beyond ordinary talent". )

(2) C. This topic examines the understanding of the meaning and usage of notional words and function words in classical Chinese. The ability level is B.

a. The first "yes" is an adjective, which is translated as "correct"; The second "yes" is a pronoun, translated as "this". B. They are all verbs. The first one is translated as "being a guest", and the second one is translated as "committing a crime".

C. demonstrative adverb, translated as "he". D. they are all conjunctions, the first table item, and the second table modification. )

(3) D (Item A says "filial piety", while Item B and C directly or indirectly say "erudition", and Item D says that Cai Yong is unwilling to go to Beijing under the pretext. ) (4)D (This question examines the ability to comprehensively understand and analyze the overall meaning of the reading material.

it's not "never undressed", but changing clothes when the seasons alternate. B. It's not to "let the late students look for mistakes in the classics after school", but to help them correct their mistakes.

C. Cai Yong is not "best decission". ) (5) (1) Cai Yong inadvertently talked about this matter, sighed deeply, and his facial expression also showed it.

(2) Cai Yong wrote a letter of apology, requesting only to stab his face and chop off his feet, so as to continue to make the history of Han Dynasty. Besides, he has always been famous for his loyalty and filial piety, and the conviction has no exact facts. Wouldn't it be unpopular to kill him? (This question examines the ability to translate classical Chinese.

competency level B. It can not only examine students' understanding of content words, function words, different sentence patterns and semantic relations between sentences, but also examine students' written expression ability.

literal translation is the main requirement in translation, supplemented by free translation. Don't omit translation, especially translation. Focus on the test.