Chapter VIII Use Management
8. 1 Basic requirements
8. 1. 1 use registration
Units using boilers shall, within 30 days before or after the boiler is put into use, go through the use registration formalities with the quality supervision department in accordance with the regulations.
8. 1.2 boiler safety technical file
Units using boilers shall establish safety technical files one by one, and the safety technical files shall at least include the following contents:
(1) Boiler ex-factory technical documents and supervision and inspection certificates;
(2) boiler installation, renovation and repair technical data and supervision and inspection certificate;
(3) Technical data for installation and commissioning of water treatment equipment;
(4) boiler periodic inspection report;
(5) Records of daily use of boilers;
(6) Daily maintenance records of boilers and their safety accessories, safety protection devices and measuring control devices;
(7) Records of boiler operation faults and accidents.
8. 1.3 safety management personnel and operators
Boiler safety management personnel, boiler operation operators and boiler water treatment operators shall hold their posts with certificates and operate according to the regulations in the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Special Equipment Operators issued by the AQSIQ.
Full-automatic boilers of Class B and below may not be equipped with attendant boiler operators, but a regular patrol inspection system shall be established.
8. 1.4 boiler use management system
Boiler use management shall have the following systems and procedures:
(1) post responsibility system, including tasks and requirements within the responsibilities of boiler safety management personnel, team leader, operation and operation personnel, maintenance personnel and water treatment operators;
(2) Patrol inspection system, specifying the contents, routes and recorded items of regular inspection;
(3) the succession system, clear succession requirements, inspection content and handover procedures;
(4) Operating procedures of boilers and auxiliary equipment, including inspection and preparation before equipment operation, operation methods of startup and normal operation, operation methods of normal shutdown and emergency shutdown;
(5) Equipment maintenance system, which specifies the anti-corrosion content and requirements for boiler shutdown (standby) as well as the maintenance cycle, content and requirements of boiler body safety accessories, safety protection devices, automatic instruments and combustion and auxiliary equipment;
(6) Water (medium) quality management system, defining the items and qualified standards of water (medium) quality regular testing;
(7) Safety management system, specifying the requirements of fire prevention, explosion prevention and preventing non-operating personnel from entering the boiler room at will, measures to ensure the smooth passage, emergency plans for accidents and accident handling methods, etc.
(8) The energy-saving management system conforms to the provisions of relevant safety technical specifications for boiler energy-saving management.
8. 1.5 boiler use management record
(1) Operation records of boilers and combustion and auxiliary equipment;
(2) Records of water treatment equipment operation and soda water quality test;
(3) handover records;
(4) Maintenance records of boilers and combustion and auxiliary equipment;
(5) boiler operation failure and accident records;
(6) Maintenance record of boiler shutdown.
8. 1.6 requirements for safe operation
(1) Operators of boiler operation should make all kinds of inspections before the boiler operation, start and operate according to the prescribed procedures, and should not arbitrarily increase the operating parameters, and should ensure that the temperature and pressure of boiler water do not rise again and the boiler is not short of water after fire suppression;
(2) When the pressure components leak, the furnace is seriously coked, the liquid slag-discharging boiler cannot discharge slag, the flue at the tail of the boiler is seriously dusty, the furnace wall is red-hot, the metal on the heating surface is seriously overtemperature, and the quality of soda water is seriously deteriorated, etc., the operation should be stopped.
8. 1.7 In case of immediate shutdown of steam boilers (except utility boilers):
(1) When the boiler water level is lower than the lowest visible edge of the water gauge;
(2) Increasing water supply and taking other measures, but the water level continues to drop;
(3) When the boiler is full of water and the water level exceeds the highest visible water level, the water level cannot be seen after draining;
(4) When the feed water pump fails or the water supply system fails and water cannot be supplied to the boiler;
(5) When the water level gauge, safety valve or pressure gauge installed in the steam space all fail;
(6) When the boiler components (parts) are damaged, endangering the safety of boiler operators;
(7) When the burning equipment is damaged, the furnace wall collapses or the boiler frame is burned red, which seriously threatens the safe operation of the boiler;
(8) Other abnormal conditions that endanger the safe operation of the boiler.
8. 1.8 Safety requirements for boiler maintenance
When the boiler is overhauled, the personnel working in the boiler shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Before entering the drum (shell) for work, the steam, hot water, water supply, sewage and other pipelines connected to other operating boilers must be reliably separated by a metal blocking plate with sufficient strength to indicate the isolation position (valves are available for power station boilers); Boilers that use oil or gas as fuel should reliably cut off the sources of oil and gas;
(2) Before entering the boiler drum (shell) for work, the manhole on the boiler drum (shell) and the hand hole on the header must be opened to allow air convection for a period of time, and someone will supervise the outside of the boiler when working;
(3) Before entering the flue and combustion chamber, it must be ventilated and reliably separated from the main flue or the flue of the boiler;
(4) When working in a boiler drum (shell) and a damp furnace and flue, the lighting voltage shall not exceed 24V；; In the flue of dry tank, with proper safety measures, the lighting voltage not higher than 36V can be used; It is forbidden to use naked light for lighting.
8. 1.9 boiler water (medium) treatment
8. 1.9. 1 Basic requirements
The user shall, in accordance with the "Firm Management Rules for Boiler Water (Medium) Treatment" (TSG G500 1), do a good job in water treatment to ensure the quality of water vapor. Boilers should not be put into operation without reliable water treatment measures.
The operation of water treatment system shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Ensure the normal operation of water treatment equipment and dosing device, and continuously provide qualified make-up water to the boiler;
(2) Using necessary detection means to monitor the water vapor quality can find and eliminate potential safety hazards in time;
(3) Strictly control the quality of hydrophobic and production return water, and it cannot be recycled into the boiler if it is unqualified.
8. 1.9.2 Water vapor quality standard for boilers
The water quality of industrial boilers shall conform to GB/T 1576 Water Quality of Industrial Boilers, and the water vapor quality of utility boilers shall conform to GB/T 12 145 Water Vapor Quality of Thermal Power Generating Units and Steam Power Equipment or DL/T9 12 Water Vapor Quality Standard of Supercritical Thermal Power Generating Units.
8. 1. 10 boiler blowdown
Boiler users shall determine the way and amount of sewage discharge according to the quality of boiler water, and make adjustments according to the change of water quality. Regular blowdown of steam boilers should be carried out at low load, and the water level should be strictly monitored.
8. 1. 1 1 chemical cleaning of boiler
Boiler users shall, in accordance with relevant regulations, arrange chemical cleaning in time. Units engaged in chemical cleaning of boilers shall carry out boiler cleaning in accordance with the requirements of safety technical specifications, and accept the supervision and inspection of boiler cleaning process carried out by special equipment inspection and testing institutions.
8. 1. 12 Stop (standby) boilers and water treatment equipment for maintenance.
Boiler users should do a good job in stopping (standby) boilers and water treatment equipment for corrosion prevention and shutdown maintenance.
8. 1. 13 boiler accident prevention and emergency rescue
Boiler users shall formulate emergency measures and rescue plans for accidents, including political plans, responsibility systems, alarm systems and emergency rescue implementation plans.
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