The diet of patients with hypertension should avoid 1. Carbohydrate foods Suitable foods-rice, porridge, noodles, Ge Fen soup, taro, soft beans-sweet potatoes (food that produces abdominal gas), dried beans, and biscuits with strong flavor 2. Protein food is the right food-food with less fat (tender meat, beef, soft beans). Bean products (bean curd, natto, bean powder, oily bean curd, shredded green bean curd) should be avoided-fatty foods (pork belly, ribs, whale meat, herring, eel, tuna, etc. ) and processed products (sausages, etc. ) 3. Foods suitable for fatty foods-vegetable oil, a small amount of cream and salad dressing should be. Foods suitable for mineral foods-vegetables (spinach, cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, lily roots, pumpkins, eggplants, cucumbers, etc. ), fruits (apples, peaches, oranges, pears, grapes, watermelons, etc. ), seaweed, fungi, fruits and vegetables will produce bloating when eaten raw. Foods that must be boiled soft or made into sauces should be avoided-vegetables containing hard fiber (beef, bamboo shoots and corn) and vegetables with strong irritation (spicy vegetables such as mustard, onions and celery). 5. Foods suitable for other foods-foods that should be avoided in light black tea and yeast milk drinks-spices (pepper, mustard, curry powder, alcoholic drinks, coffee, celery, etc. ) can improve clinical symptoms such as dyspnea. Advocate to eat complex carbohydrates, such as starch, standard flour, corn, millet, oats and other foods with more plant fiber to promote intestinal peristalsis. Conducive to the excretion of cholesterol; Eat less glucose, fructose and sucrose, which are monosaccharides and are easy to cause hyperlipidemia. (2) limit the intake of fat. Diet should limit the intake of animal fat. Vegetable oil should be used more when cooking, and cholesterol should be limited to below 300 mg per day. You can eat more fish. Marine fish contains unsaturated fatty acids, which can oxidize cholesterol, thus reducing plasma cholesterol, prolonging platelet aggregation, inhibiting thrombosis and preventing stroke. It also contains more linoleic acid, which has a certain effect on increasing microvascular elasticity, preventing vascular rupture and preventing hypertension complications. (3) Appropriate intake of protein. In the past, low-protein diet was emphasized, but at present, it is considered that there is generally no need to strictly limit the intake of protein except those with chronic renal insufficiency. The daily protein of patients with hypertension is 65438 0 g per kilogram of body weight. For example, a person weighing 60kg eats 60g of protein every day. Among them, vegetable protein accounts for 50%, and soybean protein is the best. Although soybean protein has no antihypertensive effect, it can prevent the occurrence of stroke, which may be related to the amino acid composition in soybean protein. You should also eat fish protein 2 ~ 3 times a week. Fish protein can improve the elasticity and permeability of blood vessels, increase the excretion of urine and sodium, and thus lower blood pressure. Usually pay more attention to eating foods rich in tyrosine, such as skim milk, yogurt, milk tofu, sea fish and so on. If hypertension is complicated with renal insufficiency, it is necessary to limit the intake of protein. (4) Eat more foods rich in potassium and calcium but low in sodium, such as potatoes, taro, eggplant, kelp, lettuce, wax gourd and watermelon. Because potassium salt can promote cholesterol excretion, increase vascular elasticity, have diuretic effect and help improve myocardial contractility. Foods rich in calcium, such as milk, yogurt, sesame paste, shrimp skin and vegetables, have protective effects on the cardiovascular system. Choose foods rich in magnesium, such as green leafy vegetables, millet, buckwheat noodles, beans and bean products. Magnesium salt can lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels. (5) Diet should be light. Proper reduction of sodium intake is helpful to lower blood pressure and reduce the retention of sodium and water in the body. The daily intake of salt should be below 5g or10ml of soy sauce. After cooking, salt or soy sauce can be added to achieve the purpose of seasoning. You can also fry the vegetables first, and then add salt or soy sauce to eat. While paying attention to reducing sodium salt, we should pay attention to the sodium content in food, such as dried noodles with more sodium. When steaming steamed bread, avoid using alkali and use yeast and flour instead. Available salt substitutes, such as salt-free soy sauce, are beneficial to patients with hypertension. (6) Eating more green vegetables and fresh fruits is beneficial to myocardial metabolism, improving myocardial function and blood circulation, promoting cholesterol excretion and preventing the development of hypertension. Eat less broth, because the increase of nitrogen-containing extract in broth can promote the increase of uric acid in the body and increase the burden on the heart, liver and kidney. (7) Avoid alcohol, strong tea, coffee and other foods that stimulate the nervous system. Smokers should quit smoking. Dietotherapy recipe for hyperlipidemia shredded radish with onion oil Raw materials: white radish 100g, carrot 100g, vegetable oil, salt, chopped green onion, monosodium glutamate and sesame oil. Production: white radish and carrot are washed and shredded, marinated with a little salt 1 hour, and squeezed out. Heat vegetable oil in the pot, saute shallots, pour hot oil on shredded radish, add monosodium glutamate and sesame oil and mix well. Usage: Take with meals and often. Efficacy: invigorating spleen, promoting qi circulation, resolving phlegm and reducing blood fat. Indications: It is suitable for hyperlipidemia with spleen deficiency and dampness resistance and phlegm and blood stasis. Note: This dietotherapy is a common remedy for hyperlipidemia. The radish in the recipe has the functions of promoting qi circulation, promoting digestion, eliminating phlegm and removing dampness, and is a good food therapy. Carrots for invigorating the spleen and promoting digestion (introduction of "mung bean radish filling lotus root") are rich in nutrition. Li Shizhen said, "Lower qi tonifies the middle energizer and benefits the chest, diaphragm and stomach". In order to strengthen the stomach and improve vegetables, the two fried foods are delicious and fragrant, which can enhance the functions of strengthening the spleen and regulating the stomach, promoting the circulation of qi, resolving phlegm and reducing blood fat. Ingredients of carp, hawthorn and egg soup: carp 1, hawthorn slices 25g, eggs 1, flour 150g, cooking wine, onion slices, ginger slices, refined salt and sugar. Making; Scales, gills and viscera of carp are removed, washed and cut into pieces, and cooking wine and refined salt are added 15 minutes. Add water and sugar to the flour and beat the eggs into a paste. Soak the fish pieces in the paste, take them out, dip them in dried raw flour, put them in a warm oil pan, add ginger slices, fry for 3 minutes, and take them out. Add a small amount of water to the hawthorn slices to melt, add a small amount of seasoning and raw batter to make juice, pour in the fried fish pieces and cook for 15 minutes, sprinkle with onion and monosodium glutamate. Usage: Take with meals. Efficacy: spleen and stomach, diuresis, blood lipid reduction. ⑩； It is suitable for hyperlipidemia due to spleen deficiency and dampness, especially for those who eat less and stay dull, with swollen face and body. Note: This prescription is a commonly used medicated diet for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. The carp in the formula is sweet, and has the functions of strengthening the spleen and regulating the stomach, diuresis and detumescence. Li Shizhen said, "It is good for urination, so it can reduce swelling". Hawthorn is sweet and sour, which can strengthen the spleen and stomach, help digestion and reduce blood fat ("lipid-lowering and slimming tea", introduction); Eggs are rich in lecithin. Lecithin is a fortified emulsion, which can make cholesterol and fat particles smaller and be used by tissues, thus reducing blood lipids. The whole prescription is used together to achieve the effects of invigorating spleen, promoting diuresis and reducing blood fat. Tofu, rabbit meat and laver soup raw materials: tender tofu 250g, rabbit meat 50g, laver 30g, vegetable oil, refined salt, yellow wine and starch. Production: tender tofu cut into pieces; Wash and slice rabbit meat, add oil, salt, yellow wine and starch and mix well; Tear laver into small pieces and wash. Pour a large bowl of water into the pot, first add tofu and salt, bring to a boil, then pour in rabbit slices, cook for a while, add chopped green onion and laver, bring to a slight boil, and mix well. Usage: Take it with meals for 7- 10 days, with a total of 1 course of treatment. Efficacy: invigorating spleen and qi, resolving phlegm and diuresis, and reducing blood fat. Indications: It is suitable for hyperlipidemia with spleen deficiency and phlegm-dampness type. Note: This recipe is a side dish for treating hyperlipidemia. The tofu in the recipe is sweet and cool, which can tonify the middle energizer, tonify the spleen and stomach, tonify the spleen deficiency, clear away heat and toxic materials, and eliminate dampness and phlegm. It's the main character of vegetarianism, and Li Shizhen said it's "clearing away heat and dispersing blood". Rabbit meat supplements the spleen and stomach, which is a good health care product. Li Shizhen said that it has the function of "reinforcing the middle energizer and benefiting qi, and treating damp-heat arthralgia". Porphyra is a nutritious seafood soup with expectorant, dehumidifying and diuretic effects. Delicious and easy to absorb, it is deeply loved by elderly patients with hyperlipidemia. Raw materials of lotus root stuffed with mung bean and radish: lotus root 4 knots, mung bean 200g, carrot 125g, and proper amount of sugar. Production: first, wash and soak mung beans for 30 minutes, then filter and dry; Then cleaning carrots, chopping and mashing; Mix these two materials with white sugar and set aside. After washing the lotus root, cut one end close to the lotus root node with a knife, cut off the part and keep it as a cover, put the evenly stirred mung bean radish mud into the lotus root hole until it is plugged, and cover the cut part in its original place. Then tie it firmly with bamboo sticks and steam it in a pot. Usage: When snacks are eaten for 5-7 days, the course of treatment is 1. Efficacy: invigorating spleen and tonifying deficiency, reducing blood fat. ⑩； It is suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia due to spleen deficiency and dampness excess. Note: This diet has an auxiliary therapeutic effect on patients with hyperlipidemia. Mung bean in the prescription is cold, clear away heat and vexation, sweet and light in taste, diuretic and hypolipidemic, which is a popular cool drink in clinic. Carrots strengthen the spleen and stomach, promote digestion and eliminate stagnation, and are good vegetables rich in vitamins. Li Shizhen said: They have the functions of "lowering qi, invigorating the middle energizer, benefiting the chest, diaphragm and stomach, calming the five internal organs, and being healthy and beneficial". As for lotus root, it tastes sweet and cold. Raw food is not greasy except for heat, and cooling blood does not leave blood stasis. Cooked food can stimulate appetite and strengthen the spleen, but it is not dry. The combined diet is light and delicious, rich in nutrition, invigorating spleen, eliminating dampness, tonifying deficiency and reducing blood fat.