Rabies is caused by rabies virus and is an acute infectious disease of the central nervous system. The virus mainly spreads among dogs, cats and other animals, so sick animals are the main source of infection. The virus in the salivary gland of sick animals invades the human body with bites and scratches on human mucosa and skin, proliferates in local muscle cells, goes up to the central nervous system with blood flow, and reaches salivary glands and other tissues after nerve cells proliferate.
Therefore, only human wounds come into contact with the saliva of animals with rabies virus. So eating dog meat is not contagious.
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Extended data:
Rabies virus belongs to rabies virus genus of Rhabdoviridae, a single-stranded RNA virus, and animals spread the virus by biting each other. Rabies in China is mainly transmitted by dogs, and domestic dogs can become asymptomatic carriers, so seemingly "healthy" dogs are very harmful to human health. There is no effective treatment for rabies. The mortality rate of people suffering from rabies is nearly 100%, and patients usually die of respiratory or circulatory failure within 3 ~ 6 days, so preventive measures should be strengthened.
People are generally susceptible to rabies, especially hunters, veterinarians and animal breeders. Rabies virus first infects muscle cells after entering the human body, proliferates in a small amount in the muscle cells near the wound, and then invades the nearby peripheral nerves. Then the virus spreads centripetally to the central nervous system along the axons of peripheral nerves, and does not spread to the blood, mainly invading neurons in the brain stem and cerebellum. The virus replicates a lot in the gray matter and reaches salivary glands, cornea, nasal mucosa, lung, skin and other parts along the nerve. The main damage of rabies virus to the host comes from endosomes, that is, eosinophilic particles formed by the aggregation of its abandoned protein shell in cells. The endosomes are widely distributed in patients' central nervous cells, which is also an index of laboratory diagnosis of this disease.
References:
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