Wuta Temple is on the north bank of Gaoliang River at the north gate of the zoo. Gaoliang River is now called Nanchanghe River. Speaking of the Gaoliang River, we will be a little excited. There was a battle there, which was a war between the Northern Song Dynasty and Liao in 979 AD.
At the end of the Five Dynasties, in order to recapture the sixteen states cut by Shi Jingtang to the Khitan, Song Taizong and Zhao Guangyi, after pacifying the Northern Han Dynasty, turned to attack the Liao State without rest and preparation, in an attempt to take the Youzhou by surprise. Therefore, just outside Xizhimen, Beijing, there was a war on the clear and beautiful Gaoliang River. Liao Yelvxiuge, Yelvxiexue and Yelvxue were attacked on three sides and suffered a heavy defeat. More than 10,000 people died, and the Gaoliang River was dyed red with blood ... The Liao army chased Song Jun for more than 30 miles, and Song Taizong "sneaked into the donkey cart" and saved his life. Since then, the Central Plains dynasty has been unable to recover the Youyan area, and Beijing has long been under the jurisdiction of northern minority regimes such as Liao, Jin and Yuan. It was not until 1368 that Xu Da captured the Yuan Dynasty that the Han regime ruled Beijing again.
Looking back, it has been 1000 years. Nowadays, there are many tall buildings and busy traffic here. Jin Ge Tiema, swords and shadows, has long been lost in the dust of history. ...
On the morning of the eighth day of the first month, I turned around several times and came to the vicinity of Wuta Temple. I have seen the red wall of the temple, as well as the top of the five pagodas and stone tablets in the temple. I stepped up my pace. Unexpectedly, the road leading to Wuta Temple was closed, because next to the temple was the Capital Skating Hall. The security guard told me that there was a fierce short track speed skating competition here last night. It seems that Wuta Temple will not open until after the Winter Olympics.
On the fifth day after the Winter Olympics, I went there again. Until March 1, the door was still closed.
On March 10, I visited for the third time and finally got what I wanted.
Wuta Temple was built in the ninth year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (1473), and was called Zhenjue Temple in ancient times. In the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong (176 1), it was overhauled and renamed Dazhengjue Temple to avoid taboo.
Entering the courtyard, you are greeted by the beautiful and solemn five towers on the throne of King Kong. The shape of this tower belongs to Indian style. The King Kong throne and five towers are assembled from pre-carved stones. Between the north and south of the throne, there is a ticket gate. There are stone steps hovering in the tower, leading to the upper platform of the throne. The platform is covered with a round glass cover. The tower base and tower body are carved with Buddha statues, Sanskrit and religious decorations. The King Kong Throne Tower gives a solid and unshakable impression.
There are two ginkgo trees in front of the King Kong throne, and there is a sign under the tree, which says that these two ginkgo trees have a history of 600 years, and is accompanied by a poem written by the poet Hong Wei of the Qing Dynasty for Wuta Temple:
There are two strange trees on the edge of Wuta Temple, and the horses travel in a roundabout way. Tall branches seem to rise from the clouds, and fallen leaves can still fly for half a day.
Have a clear heart and urge the sunset several times, and get some clothes for ten miles. East of the house, the spring is like the sea, and the shade is thinner than the courtyard.
Looking around in the courtyard, there are gray stone tablets and statues everywhere. The source is not as good as the gathering place-all the stone carvings in Beijing are concentrated here, no wonder it is called Beijing Stone Carving Art Museum. There are not only the earliest existing stone carvings in Beijing, the Shinto of Qin Jun, a calligrapher in Youzhou of Han Dynasty, but also the unique epitaph of Mrs. Delu of Nalanxing, which can be described as a gathering place of stone carvings in Beijing. Being in it is like being in a treasure house full of dazzling and glittering treasures. I didn't know what to look at first, so I subconsciously walked to the forest of steles in the east. I wanted to find the tombstone of Zhang Cheng, a French missionary I had admired for a long time.
The forest of steles is divided into three parts, with huge stone tablets, such as the stone road tablet outside the Guangning Gate of the Empire, and similar stone tablets abound. Most of these stone tablets are granted or approved by the royal family, and most of the tablets and sides are dragons.
I took a cursory look at these stone tablets, and then I came to the "Jesuit Monument Area". There are 34 tombstones of missionaries here. At first glance, these tombstones are no different from ordinary tombstones. Even the names engraved on the tombstones are authentic China names, such as Michelle Bei Neust, Wang Dahong and Zhao Xueyan. But with a little careful observation, we can see that this tombstone is different from ordinary China people, and a cross is engraved on the crown of the monument.
I finally found Zhang Cheng's tombstone, the first in the east row, the first in the south row, and Bai Jin's tombstone is opposite. They are good friends. They came to China together and stayed abroad together.
Zhang Cheng's tombstone reads: "Mr. Zhang, a Jesuit, is honest and honest, and his real name is Shi Zhai. Taixi brushes people, wants to intensively cultivate and abandon home. " In the 26th year of Kangxi, Ding Mao came to China to preach. In the 46th year of Kangxi, Ding Hai died in Shuntianfu on February 22nd at the age of 53. In the thirty-seventh year of the conference, he was buried outside Fuchengmen. On the fifth day of March in the thirteenth year of Yongzheng, he moved to Fuzheng Temple. "
Taixi blows Langya country, which means Taixi, extreme west. It was China's name for Central and Southern Europe in the Ming Dynasty. Mainly including: Yugoslavia, Italy, Poland, Germany, France, Spain, Portugal and other countries. These countries are relatively developed in astronomy and mathematics in Europe, and they are France.
I am full of respect for these Jesuits who came to China not far from Wan Li to preach. You know, in those days, when you came to China from Europe, you had to take a boat across the Cape of Good Hope. This is a hard journey, and it can even be said that life and death are uncertain. It's all based on faith!
1685, Zhang Cheng and a group of Jesuits came to China to preach and were sent by Louis XIV of France. He went through all kinds of hardships to preach. He arrived in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on 1687 and arrived in Beijing the following year. Xu Risheng, his father, was Portuguese, and introduced him to Emperor Kangxi. He served in the court together with Bai Jin and studied Chinese and Manchu at the same time. 1689, Zhang Cheng and Xu Risheng were appointed as translators for the Sino-Russian border negotiations on the Nibchu River. 1690, he was appointed as a court teacher by Kangxi, and entered the palace to teach Euclid's principles, practical geometry and philosophy to Emperor Kangxi. During his stay in China, he and the missionary Bai Jin wrote Practical Geometry and compiled it into a four-volume Manchu dictionary. He also compiled various textbooks on geometry, trigonometry, astronomy and philosophy in Chinese and Manchu for Kangxi, and made certain contributions to the spread of western learning to the east. /kloc-0 died in Beijing in 707.
Zhang Cheng has been in China for 20 years. He devoted his life to China, and his contribution is remembered by people.