Zuo Zongtang (November 10, 1812 - September 5, 1885), Han nationality, had the courtesy name Jigao and Pu Cun, and was a farmer from Xiangshang. A native of Xiangyin, Hunan. An important minister of the late Qing Dynasty, a strategist, politician, a famous general of the Hunan Army, and the leader of the Westernization Movement.

The Zuo Zongtang shogunate was established in the 10th year of Xianfeng (1860) and lasted until the 11th year of Guangxu (1885), which lasted for 26 years. According to preliminary statistics, 266 staff members have entered the shogunate. So, how did such a large group of staff enter the shogunate? There are generally the following ways for staff to join the staff:

1. The leader actively recruits staff.

The traditional shogunate system originally emphasized that the shogunate should hire his staff as guests and teachers, and Zuo Zongtang also had the habit of recruiting talents into the shogunate.

For example, when Wang Kaihua was hired in the early days of the establishment of the shogunate, Zuo Zongtang had just established the Chu army. He recognized his shortcomings of "having been in the army for many years, never performing in battle, and having no experience in war." Therefore, he sent letters to Wang Kaihua one after another, asking him to come out to serve as the minister and prime minister for camp affairs. Zuo Zongtang also promised Wang Kaihua, who was in declining health, "Please wait for half a year. When the details of the battle are known, I will send Mr. Wang off in an safe car." "Return home", Wang Kaihua had no choice but to join the army due to human feelings.

When Zuo Zongtang discussed this matter with Zeng Guofan, he said: "I would like to treat you as a guest teacher. It will take about half a year before you agree."

It can be seen that, The shogunate's initiative to recruit staff still occupied a place in the shogunate system of the late Qing Dynasty. In Zuo Zongtang's shogunate, the staff recruited through the shogunate's initiative included Liu Dian, Yang Chang?F, Xia Yu?⒑?廛?⑽ 獯笸?⑽夤impeachment⑼醢匦匹?鐯 Pull out ah⑷ scratch〖鞯热综合?/p>

2. Play the tune.

The so-called zoudiao is to transfer personnel from other places (usually alternate officials) to one's own place through private communication with the emperor and then to the emperor.

In Zuo Zongtang's shogunate, a large proportion of his staff were transferred to the shogunate. They basically ran through the entire shogunate of Zuo Zongtang and were the most important way for Zuo Zongtang's staff to enter the shogunate. Here is a brief explanation based on Zuo Zongtang's memorials when he was governor of Zhejiang.

In the first month of the first year of Tongzhi (1862), Zuo Zongtang was appointed as the governor of Zhejiang, and he submitted a memorial to invite Wang Jiamin and Hu Guangyong to serve in the camp. After that, he also submitted a memorial to "please transfer all members to the camp commission". Eighteen people including Li Yunlin, Deng Yi, Xia Xianlun, Xie Dashu, Zhang Yueling, Zhou Kaixi, Guo Gongdao, Wei Liang, Wu Guozuo, Zou Shouzhang, Yan Xian, Chen Youshi, Tian Yu, Ge Yue, Xia Hongxian, Ma Shouhua, Yi Fang and Chen Yijue were played in one go. , the edicts are all approved.

Although not all of them went to Zhejiang in the end, it can be seen from this that they recruited many talents.

In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Zuo Zongtang asked Gu Jusheng, Xie Baomi and Wu Shimai to join the staff because "Zhejiang Province's military affairs and official administration were in urgent need of talents." In the end, only Gu Jusheng One person came to help.

Only three years after Zuo Zongtang took office as governor of Zhejiang, he had as many as 23 people in the imperial court. In his subsequent official career, Zuo Zongtang continued to use memorials as the only way to expand the shogunate. .

3. Zha committee.

The most obvious symptom of the evolution of the shogunate system in the late Qing Dynasty is the emergence of the Zha committee system. The so-called Zha committee means that the shogunate appoints someone to hold a certain position or perform a certain job in the form of an official document. This is usually a superior. Behavior toward subordinates.

Zha committees often appeared in Zuo Zongtang’s shogunate, which can also be regarded as a necessary stage in the structural changes of the shogunate in the late Qing Dynasty. Here is an example to illustrate.

Before Zuo Zongtang restored Xinjiang, he had been planning the transportation of grain outside the customs for quite some time. In order to ensure military supplies, he successively issued letters and appointed many people to set up procurement and transportation bureaus along the lines inside and outside the customs to handle grain transportation. . In the last years of Ruzhi's reign, Zuo Zongtang appointed Chen Ruizhi to take charge of the North Road Transport Bureau in Guihua. Chen "tried his best to run it, but although it was effective, he failed to fully understand the situation in the Mongolian department." Zuo believed that "the non-Canada committee members went to If the supervisor handles the matter together, it may inevitably lead to advantages and disadvantages, causing slight delays." So in the second year of Guangxu (later, he sent a letter to appoint Xisheng to rush to naturalization to take charge of the procurement and transportation matters.

4. Recommended by others.

Zuo Zongtang is very eager for talents, but he has been in many places in his life, and it is difficult to meet a large number of talents and recruit them, so he can only keep asking others to recommend talents to him, such as Shi Buhua, Zhejiang Wucheng. It is said that "when the bus was called again and again, Yang Zhongcheng went to Fu Zhejiang. He took pity on the king and sent him to visit Zuo Wenxiang in Guan."

At that time, Wen Xiang opened his mansion and networked all the handsome men in the world to win the king. All the sages came out of the king, which was a great joy. The military is related. "

Shi Buhua had been trapped in Qiuchan for a long time. Yang Changfang, Zuo Zongtang's former staff, knew his abilities well and recommended him to serve in Zuo Zongtang's Western Campaign. After Shi Buhua arrived at Zuo Curtain, he was mainly responsible for He participated in military affairs and drafted memorials for Zuo. His "Collected Works of Ze Yatang" survives, and many of the texts were written for Zuo Zongtang during his time in the shogunate.

In addition, Tao Tao Mo was also recommended to Zuo Zongtang by Yang Chang?F. Chen Hao, the author of Tao Mo's epitaph, recalled: "At that time, Taifu Yang of Xiang Township was Fu Zhejiang and lived in the shogunate. One day, he produced a rough draft and recommended it to a public scholar, a Confucian scholar of the Song Dynasty, who had both talent and virtue, and could be of great use. Transferred to Gaolan. "

Yang Changfu recommended the virtues of pottery molds to Zuo Zongtang. Zuo Zongtang immediately reused the pottery molds after learning about it. Zuo Zongtang said excitedly in his reply to Yang Changf: " Tao Ling of Wenxian County was meticulous and organized, so he was a good talent. In the autumn when the official affairs in Kneeling were in decline, it was so encouraging that he was transferred to the first county. ”

Zuo Zongtang has made great achievements, and his ambitions and actions are loyal and outstanding. He is honest but not poor, and diligent but not hard-working. He treats soldiers with integrity, so he can get the support of many staff , together with Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, and Zhang Zhidong, are known as the "Four Famous Officials of the Late Qing Dynasty"

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